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About The Plattsmouth journal. (Plattsmouth, Nebraska) 1901-current | View Entire Issue (Nov. 6, 1933)
MONDAY, NOVEMBER 6, 1933. PAGE FOUR PLATTSHOUTH SEMI . WEEKLY JOURUAL BOCK ITEMS Bryan McDonald was a business visitor in Lincoln this morning. Mr. and Mrs. Orris E. Bradford visited with Mr. Bradford's parents at Carleton over the week end. ' Vic Thimgan was a visitor in Lin coln on Thursday cf last week, where he was looking after some business. Emil Kuehn and family were visit ing with friends in Omaha on last Sunday, they driving over for the day in their auto. Henry Carsten was a visitor last Sunday at the heme cf his mother In Havelock and found the mother en joying very fair health. Charles Ilelmers and family, of Omaha were visiting with friends In Murdook on last Sunday, driving over in their auto for the occasion. Jerry Faulk, the genial mechanic at the Lawrence Race garage has moved into one cf the residence prop erties of Mr. and Mrs. John Scheel. Mrs. J. R. Kelley, of Plattsmouth, arrived In Murdock on last Thursday and is visiting at the home of her daughter. Mrs. O. E. McDonald, for the week. Fred W. Backemeier, of Elmwood, was a visitor in Murdock on last Thursday and was looking after some business matters as well as visiting with his friends. Mrs. Arthur II. Jones was a visitor in Murdock "Wednesday and Thurs day cf last week and was a guest while here of her sister, Mrs. Roy Gorthey and husband. Carl Buck and Miss Emma Eppings were in York last Sunday, driving over in their car, where they went to spend the clay with Otto Buck, who taiakes his home there. Mr. and Mrs. Emil Kuehn were in Lincoln last Thursday, where they were called to look after some busi ness matters connected with the busi ness which they are conducting in Murdock. Mrs. L. Neitzel is on a vacation, visiting with her daughter, Mrs. Mata MacDiarmid, in Omaha, and her sis ter, Mrs. J. J. Martin, at Cedar Bluffs. That leaves L. Neitzel a lonesome batchelor fcr a while. Messrs. Henry A. Tool and O. E. Bradford were at Weeping Water on last Tuesday evening, where they were attending the meeting of the Cass County Bankers association that was held to discuss the NRA banking cod e. - ' -i ri-. Mr. and Mrs. L. Neitzel went to Omaha last Sunday afternoon to call on Mrs. Henry Heineman, who is at the Clarkson hospital. They found her cheerful and hopeful of a complete recovery from her recent accident in an auto crash. Harold W. Tool and John Gake meier were over to the Platte river on last Thursday, going as delegates for the hunters of Murdock to ascertain just how the ducks were coming tc the feeding grounds and were en couraged when they found plenty of the feathered tribe. Emil Miller and family, of Adams, where Mr. Miller is engaged in farm ing and dairying, were in Murdock for the day last Sunday and were vis iting at the hemes of Otto Miller, El jner Miller, Mathew Thimgan and C. I. Long and families and they all enjoyed the visit together. Mrs. Henry Heinemann, who was so severely injured in the wreck they had when hit by a swiftly flying auto, and who has been in the hos pital in Omaha ever since, was brot home cn last Tuesday and is now here and feeling better. However, she will be compelled to remain in bed and lie flat on her back for sev eral weeks while the bones which were fractured menu. Her many friends are pleased that she is getting along as well as she is. Had a Friend Indeed One day last week when J. A. Bau- ers arose and went to the door he found a two bushel sack of very fine potatces which came in the nick of time for they were most acceptable and both Mr. and Mrs. Bauers are feeling very thankful for the friends and the sack of potatoes, thourfi they do not know who it was that left them. Decorated the Window Eddie Craig has many friends In Murdock and vicinity and some who cpenly say so, and others who seek to manifest, their affection in other way3. The latter decorated his shop window on last Monday evening In fantastic Hallowe'en style. Sure Can Pick Corn. John W. Kruger, who knows now to pick corn has been working with and for Louis Schmidt and was able to look in on nearly one hundred bushels per day, but fell five short. He was, however, able to get both hands and wrists very sore in about a week's time and ay you can bet John sure smiled when it rained on last Thursday and he did not have to go to the field. Two Singular Accidents In these days of fast driven auto mobiles one fan expect to hear of al most any kind cf an accident. Two cf the same unusual variety have oc curred in this vicinity during the past week or so. Wednesday evening a young man from Lincoln scarcely out of his teens was in Murdock and about dark left for home in his car, stepping on the gas as he drove south to the intersec tion with Highway No. 1. As he near ed the end of the road going south he had attained a very rapid rate of ppeed. Carl Meyerjurgen was coming from the west and Charles Schaeffer was coming from the east, and both of them, noticing the speed of the car, slowed up as they neared the intersec tion. The young man, however, be lieving the road continued on south and wanting to clear the intersection as quickly as possible kept right on at his high rate of speed until he dis covered the road ended and then it was too late. The car jumped the ditch cn the south side of the high way and tore away the fence, landing cut in the field. The young man was taken to the office of Dr. Lee for first aid treatment and there it was found he had sustained a broken nose and gome cuts about the face and head. He was then taken to his home at Linccln by John Eppings and J. H. Buck. The damaged auto, with both front wheels off was brought to the Jacobson garage. The father of the young maji came down from Lincoln to take the car home, but found it so badly damaged it could not be moved and so left it here for repair. He re ported the son getting along nicely. The second accident of this kind oc curred south of Manley where the read ends at its juncture with High way No. 1, the car in this case also being badly damaged, but the driver came through uninjured. The best rule to follow is always to travel at a moderate rate of speed, especially when driving on a strange road. Visits Grandparents. Little Ruby Mae Wild of Ashland and her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Elmer Wild were guests at the home of the ittle lady's grandparents, Mr. and Mrs. Emil Lau last Tuesday, the par ents driving over from their home to isit the grandparents and enjoying he day most pleasantly. This is the anly grandchild which has come to bless Mr. and Mrs. Lau and sure the visit was most pleasantly enjoyed. Rulo Youth is Cleared of Part in Robbery Humboldt Bankers Believe Chester Ogden; Still Hold Brother for Investigation. Falls City, Neb. Three employes of the Home State bank of Humboldt viewed Norman Ogden, 23, and his brother, Chester, 20, here Thursday light and declared the younger man was not one of the trio which robbed the bank of $1,796 Wednesday. The bankers could not say whether the elder man was one of the gun men. The brothers, who live at Rulo, Neb., were arrested in Topeka, Kas., Wednesday night and brought here fcr investigation. The three bankers were Glenn Jenkins, cashier, and H. C. Zimbleman, assistant ?ashier, who were taken as hostages but released unharmed, and William Hymek, also an assistant cashier. Jenkins said the elder man close ly resembled the man who raked money out of tills. "If the elder Ogden was not so rough appearing," Jenkins said, would feel he was in the gang. I am positive Chester Ogden wa3 not one of the robbers." All were confident neither was the driver of the car, because the driver was a smaller man, the bankers said. Mr. and Mrs. E. C. Stutheit, who operate a filling station where the bandits bought gasoline shortly be fore the robbery, were expected to be brought here to view the suspects before they are released. The county sheriff's office said Norman Ogden was out on bond in connection with a theft charge In Hiawatha, Kas. AME3 UNIVERSITY ATTACKED Waterloo, la. Discontinuance of Iowa State college at Ames and con solidation of some of its departments under the state university was sug gested by Rep. Arch F. McFarlane for possible legislative consideration. Mc Farlane, former lieutenant-governor, said the proposal was a means of supporting President Roosevelt's crop reduction plan. Legion Urged to Reorganize as Vigilantes Commander Kratz Declares Ex-Service Men Can Drive Bandits Out of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nov. 2. A call lor re organization of Nebraska Legion naires into local vigilance committees to prevent bank robberies was is sued here Thursday by Golden P. Kratz of Sidney, department com mander of the American Legion. The Nebraska Legion developed a vigilante organization three years ago, but the system was allowed to lapse as holdup3 in the state waned. The state, however, has experienced four bank robberies since Sept. 20, three of them in the past nine days. Kratz recommended each post take up the matter with local law enforce ment officers, arrange for deputizing members and organize a plan of ac tion in case of emergencies similar to the way army problems were work ed out in the world war. "To perfect such an organiz ation," he suggested in a letter to all post commanders, "it would seem you should have an alarm list of all your members who are willing to serve on such a posse; making arrangements with your telephone company to have these members called. "If you have Krag rifles in good condition you should se cure ball ammunition for same. You should also make arrange ments to secure other firearms that may be of use in such an emergency. You should make ar rangements with neighboring posts for alarm calls and for the blocking of bridges and high ways in case a call comes in. "Have an . arrangement for a place of rendezvous and see to it that you have two or three fast cars which can be used to follow the bandit car at a safe distance until the posse catches ., up. "Also make arrangements for marking the route you are tak ing, especially at turns. Make arrangements to disseminate in formation relative to type and make of car, color and license plate3 and other identifying marks. If you get the opportun ity, notice anything that may identify the bandits themselves." Kratz said all it take3 to , "stop this banditry is to let these gunmen know they will have to do battle with a large, well organized posse of men who have been under fire, instead of two or three local law enforcement officers who always find it hard to get anybody to assist them. "They will learn to leave Ne braska automobiles and Nebras ka banks alone when they real ize they are up against a thor oughly organized force not afraid to face a gun and in sufficient numbers so they cannot be in timidated," said Kratz. Omaha Bee-News. URGE SAND ALL FOR OFFICE Omaha. Altho U. S. District At torney Sandall refused to comment, it was said by good authorities that re publican party leaders are urging him to enter the race for senator. In urging Sandall to make the race party ler.ders are going on the theory that an adherent of Senator Norris would have the best chance against the democratic nominee. Sandall has foiiowed the fortunes of the senior Nebraska" senator. He placed Norris in nomination for the presidency at the 1928 Kansas City convention. As a leader in the state senate in war days and days following the war, Sandall took the lead in opposing the Nebraska language law which placed him ace-high with the foreign ele ment of the state, particularly the German voters who predominate the racial groups. Sandall also was In strumental in defeating a resolution which would have condemned Senator Norris for opposing America's en trance into the world war, altho he himself was in favor of the American entry. TAX SALE ONLY FORMALITY Omaha. Otto Bauman, county treasurer, said Governor Bryan's re quest that Nebraska residents do not bid on property offered at delinquent sales Monday will have little or no effect on Douglas county tax sales. "We would not have had any tax sale anyway," Bauman said. "A year ago we offered thousands of pieces of property at our tax sales and realized hardly any money at all." He said he had talked with a num ber of tax title buyers and had been informed they did not Intend to bid at Monday's sale, A Minneapolis con cern, heretofore the principal pur chaser at Omaha delinquent tax sales is definitely out of the market, he said. Bauman said he would go thru the motions of a sale as required by law. . Double-Quick Relief Demand and Get GENUINE BAYER ASPIRIN BECAUSE of a unique process in manufacture. Genuine Bayer Aspirin Tablets are made to dis integrate or dissolve INSTANT LY you take them. Thus they start to work instantly. Start "taking bold" of even a severe headache, neuralgia, neuritis or rheumatic pais a few minutes after taking. And they provide SAFE relief for Genuine BAYER ASPIRIN does not harm the heart. So if you want liUICK and SAFE relief see that you get the real Bayer article. Look lor the Bayer cross on every tablet as shown above and for the words GENUINE BAYER ASPIRIN cn every bottle or package you buy. Member N. R. A. GENUINE BAYER ASPIRIN DES NOT HARM THE HEART FACED BY GREATEST PERIL Cleveland, O. In a speech entitled 'Germany's Widespread Propaganda Against American Institutions and World Civilization," Samuel Unter- myer, prominent New York attorney, asserted "not only world Jewry but world civilization are confronting their greatest peril of modern times next to the World war." Mr. Untermyer said the language was strong, "but it is not as strong as is warranted by the facts thu3 far unearthed. It is weak as compared with what I believe can be established by a congressional investigation with the right of search and seizure and to subpoena and swear witnesses, for which I shall ask in order to uncover the hidden evidence." DEAD ANIMALS WANTED Call The South Omaha Rendering Works. Tel. MArket 4626. F. Cramer, R. F. D. No. 3, South Omaha. tf-w , NOTICE OF SPECIAL ELECTION Notice is hereby given that on the 14th day of November, 1933, at the M. W. A. Hall in the Village of Mur dock, Nebraska, a special election shall be held for voting upon and there shall be submitted to the quali fied electors of said Village, the fol lowing proposition: 1. Shall the Village of Mur dock, Cass county, Nebraska, issue its bonds in the sum of Ten Thousand Four Hundred Dol lars ($10,400.00) in denomina tions of Five Hundred Dollars ($500.00) each, with, one bond in the amount of Four Hundred Dollars ($400.00), said bonds to be issued at any time during the years 1933 and 1934. due in twenty years from their date of issuance, to draw interest at the rate of not to exceed six per cent (6) per annum, payable semi annually; principal and interest payable at the office of the Coun ty Treasurer of Cass county, at Plattsmouth, Nebraska, said bonds to be negotiable in form and to be designated as "Mur dock Water Bonds," the said bonds to be redeemable at the option of said Village at any time after five years from their date? Said bonds to be sold for the purpose of obtaining money with which to construct a water works system to be owned and operated by the Village of Mur dock, Nebraska. And shall the proper officers of said Village be authorized to levy and collect taxes, in the same manner as other municipal taxes may be levied and collect ed, in an amount sufficient to create a sinking fund as required by law, and to pay the interest on said bonds, and the principal of said bonds as the same ma ture, on all taxable property of said Village? The taxes so lev ied not to exceed the amount authorized by law. The ballots to be used at said elec tion shall have printed thereon the said proposition as herein provided and in addition thereto the follow ing: "For Issuing Ten Thousand Four Hundred Dollars ($10,400. 00) of Water Bonds of the Vil lage of Murdock, Cass county, Nebraska, and for said tax." "Against Issuing Ten Thous-. and Four Hundred Dollars ($10, 400.00) of Water Bonds of the Village of Murdock, Cass county, Nebraska, and against said tax." Said election shall be conducted and the result thereof ascertained in all respects as the general elections in said Village are conducted. ' Said election will be opened at 9 o'clock in the morning and will con tinue onen until 7 o'clock In the evening of the same day. Dated this 21st day of October, A D. 1933. S. P. LEIS, Chairman Village Board of Trustees, Murdock, Nebraska.' Attest: H. J. AMGWEBT, Village Clerk. o23-4m Manley Neys Items . -, i - L." F. Newman and J. 'C. Newman, brothers, are reported among.the first to finish the picking of this year's corn crop. Edward. Kelleyr manager of the ele vator and lumber yard at Cedar Creek, was visiting with his many friends in Manley last Sunday. Joseph Wolpert and two sisters, Misses Maggie and Katie, were visit ing with friends at David City for a couple of days during the past week. John A. Stander, naving some stock to go to market, took them and some for the neighbors to the South Om aha stock market, making a load in all. Mr. and Mrs. W. J. Rau and broth er, George Rau, and Miss Sue Mock enhaupt were visiting at the refores tation camp at Louisville one day last week. Misses Loretta and Rose Sheehan visited with their sister, Mrs. Paul Meyer, over the week end. While there, they attended the bazaar and dance at Avoca. Mrs. Alice Jenkins, who has been visiting for some two weeks at the home of her son at Havelock, re turned home last week after having enjoyed a very fine visit. Walter Mockenhaupt and family were in Plattsmouth last Saturday, where they were looking after some business matters and also visiting for the afternoon with friends. A. V. Stander and the family were visiting for the day last Thursday at Plattsmouth, where they were guests at the home of the parents of Mrs. Stander and were also doing some shopping. Ralph Coon, who has been working in one of the banks of Lexington was a visitor here for a few days during the past week, being a guest of his father, George Cook, and sister, Mrs. Lauritzen. Mr. and Mrs. Anton Auerswald were over to South Omaha last Sat urday night, where they went to take their daughter, Miss Helen Kurb, who had been visiting in Manley for nearly a week. Aaron F. Rauth was a visitor in Manley and vicinity, coming to look after some business matters and also visited with his brother, Herman Rauth and wife and father, John C. Rauth and family. Mr. and Mrs. John C. Rauth and daughter. Miss , Anna Rauth,., werej visiting for the day last Wednesday at the home of Mr. and Mrs. Aaron F. Rauth and were also looking after some business matters. The Rev. Father Patrick Harte and a friend of his in the army were out trying their hand at hunting ducks one day during the past week and met with good success besides the en joyment of the sport. Mr. and Mrs. Albert Persinger, of South Omaha, were visiting here for a short time last Sunday and were guests at the home of Mrs. Charles A. Murphy, the ladies being sisters, and all enjoyed the occasion. Mr. and Mrs. Edward Murphy and two daughters, of Lincoln, were here last Tuesday, coming to attend the funeral of the late James Terryberry, which was attended by a very large number of his host of friends. Mrs. Lawrence Boardman, who has been so seriously ill for some time, is reported as being much better and still showing improvement. Her many friends here are greatly pleas ed at the improvement she is mak ing at this time. W. J. Rau was a visitor in Weep ing Water on last Tuesday, where he was attending a meeting of the Cass County Bankers association, at which they were considering and discuss ing the NRA code as applied to the banking business. Mrs. J. R. Kelly, a cousin of Mr. and Mrs. C. E. Mockenhaupt, who re sides in Plattsmouth, was visiting for a short time at the Mockenhaupt home and was entertained by Mr. and Mrs. Mockenhaupt and their daughter. Miss Sue. Among those who were here from other towns to attend the funeral of the late James Terryberry were Chas. Gerlach, Henry Petersen and wife and Frank Stander and wife, the lat ter also visiting with their friends, Mike Honor and wife. - Clarence Earhardt, who has been making his home in Nebraska City for some time, was a visitor in this vicinity and picked corn for some time, but as he has been ill for a long time, the hard work was too much for him, and was taken home by his brother, Lawrence. A letter from Glen Fleischman, who is making his home In Chicago, tells of bis chum and fellow work man now touring in Europe and mak ing the trip on bicycles and reporting an excellent time, as well a furnish ing drawings . of rural and rustic scenes in the old country. Mr. and Mrs. John C Rauth and daughter Mte .Anna were over to Omaha, last Saturday afteraoaa. go ing to attend the football game that was played between the Creighton University and Washington teams. As both teams have a good reputation, they staged an excellent game and one well worth attending. Undergoes Operation Mrs. Harrison J. Livingston, who has been having trouble for some time with appendicitis, found the pain so severe recently that it was found necessary to operate. Since the opera tion, she has been getting along along nicely and is now so far re covered that she will be able to re turn home in a few days. Hold Hallowe'en Party On last Monday evening, being very near to Hallowe'en, the young people of the Catholic church held a very enjoyable party at the town hall. There were a large number present and a most enjoyable time was had by all, with a program and numerous games to amuse them. Attended Funeral Wednesday Mr. and Mrs. Rudolph Bergman and Mr. and Mrs. Harold Group, of Weeping Water, Harvey Group and wife and Mrs. John Group were in attendance at the funeral of Mrs. Elizabeth Flamme, mother of Mrs. John Group and grandmother of the others of the party. Metcalfe to Run on State Sales rn Fa lax rrogram Thinks Fees Should Pay for Most Functions of State Former Lieutenant Governor Omaha. Theodore Metcalfe of Omaha, former lieutenant governor who will be a candidate for the nom ination for governor on the republi can ticket at the next primary elec tion, Wednesday came out for a state sales tax to supplant entirely the state tax on property. Metcalfe declared that such a tax should be based only on retail sales and should not be placed on manu factured goods sold at wholesale for reselling or on farm products sold for resale. "It should be a single tax and should not be collected more than once on any single product," he stated. He declared himself of the opinion that such a tax "would not only raise enough money painlessly to take care of our state institutions, but it would, without harm to our taxpayers, cre ate a surplus which could be re-distributed to the local communities on an equitable basis to either reduce ex isting indebtedness or to be applied to each individual tax roll as a re duction in local property taxes." He expressed the belief that the state government should be reorgan ized so that nearly all state func tions are paid for in fees, the Eales tax taking care only of the welfare institutions. E. A. DVORAK KILLS SELF Wilber, Neb. Edward A. Dvorak, 49, prominent farmer near. here, kill ed himself Wednesday f ight with a .25 calibre revolver, shooting him self thru the forehead. He left a note to his wife, wheih wasn't made pub lic. He killed himself at his home about 5 p. m. Mr. Dvorak was secretary of the local Farmers Elevator company, for twenty-five years, became prominent as a member of the real estate classi fication board which worked over county valuations a few years ago, and was a candidate for a county commissioner in 1926. He was one of the best known farmers in this re gion. Besides his wife he leaevs three sons, Victor, Edward, Jr., and Lam bert, and two stepchildren, Leonard and Irene Broz. Funeral and burial will take place here Saturday after noon. LINDBERGH AND WIFE ARRIVE IN AMSTERDAM Amsterdam, Holland, Nov. 2. Col. and Mrs. Charles A. Lindbergh ar rived here Thursday afternoon after a flight from Les Mureaux, France. They left France in a rainstorm. While Colonel Lindbergh made the plane ready, Mrs. Lindbergh told Mme. Deutsch Dela Meurthe, sponsor of the annual air races, that she and the colonel hoped to return to France next year. PLATE SOCIAL AND PROGRAM To be given at Oxford school, 8 miles west and 1 mile north of Mur ray on Friday, November 10 th. Every body come. Louise Foster. Teacher. n2-2t w ' 135 Millions is Given Railways to Help Jobless Huge Supply of Rails to Be Pur chased in Federal Program Will Aid Industry. Washington. The public works administration alloted 135 millions to railroads for purchase of pteel rall3 and for extensive railroad con struction, thus entering a new field in its effort to provide employment. The sum of 51 million dollars was set aside for purchase of 1 million tons of new rails and 400,000 tons of fastenings, including spikes and cleats. The remainder of the huge loan 84 million dollars wa3 allocated to the Pennsylvania railroad for com pletion of the electrification of its line between New York and Wash ington, improvement of the roadbed, and construction cf 132 electric lo comotives and 7,028 freight and pas senger cars. The money is to be lent the carriers with interest at 4 per cent, but no interest need be paid during the first year. Secretary Ickes, public works ad ministrator, explained the year of grace was granted so as "not to em barrass the carriers at this time by further immediate commitments." The names of the roads which will participate in the 51 million dollar loan were not available. It was ex plained the carriers would indicate to Joseph B. Eastman, railroad co ordinator, that amount of rails they desired delivered, and then Eastman would designate the mill nearest the point of delivery in order to make the haul as short as possible. The order for the rails will extend over the entire year of 1934. and will complete the initial program of the Roosevelt administration to as sist the roads in obtaining new rails and at the same time aid the steel industry. President Roosevelt took a personal hand in the negotiations in an effort to Etimulate employment. During the discussions, steel leaders held out for a price of $37.75 a ton for the rails as compared with a "$35 per ton or under" offered by the government. At a white house conference Monday a compromise figure of 136.375 per ton wa3 agreed to. The purchases will be made at that figure. H. M. Waite, deputy administra tor of public works, said the rail buy ing would affect almost every 6tate. "It means coal, coke and materials being hauled over the roads and blast furnaces in operation," Waite said. "There is nothing which spreads money a3 widely as railroad pur chases." State Journal. $65,000,000 DAM ON KAW URGED Washington, Nov. 2. Senator Capper (R.), Kansas, and a delega tion of prominent Kansans Thursday urged construction of the proposed $65,000,000 Kiro dam on the Kaw river near Topeka at a hearing be fore the Mississippi valley commis sion. Opponents of the dam at a hear ing Monday argued the dam would in undate more land than it protected. The proponents Thursday admitted the dam would inundate 118,000 acres, but said less than 1,000 people live in the reservoir site, while ap proximately 100,000 lived in the "danger zone" below. George Knapp, Kansas board of agriculture engineer, said that be tween 1902 and 1932 floods on the Kaw caused approximately $50,000, 000 damages. Two dam projfet?, one to cost $45, 000,000 and one to cost $65,000,000 have been investigated. The Kansas delegation was receiv ed by President Roosevelt. OFFICIAL CARS NOT EXEMPT Washington. Officials using gov ernment automobile3 for private pur poses were held by the District of Co lumbia court of appeals to be liable for their accidents. The decision was rendered in a damage suit against Capt. Joel T. Boone, white house phy sician during the Hoover administra tion, whose automobile collided with another. Dr. Boone contended he was subject to call whenever needed at the white house. Hence he was using the automobile in an official capa city. The court of appeals did not agree with this view and sent the case back for a new trial in munici pal court which had sided with the physician. FLOOD TOLL TOTALS 16 Santiago, Cuba. Sixteen persons were reported dead in the worst floods of the Cauto, Guaso, and Mayarl rivers since 1907.