MONDAY. IAN. 96. 1931. FLATTSMOUTH SEMI - WEEKLY JOTTENAL PAGE THUS Cbc plattsmoutb lournal PUBLISHED SEMI-WEEKLY AT PLATTSMOUTH, NEBRASKA Entered at Postoffice, Plattsmoutb, Neb., as second-class mail matter R. A. BATES, Publisher SUBSCRIPTION PRICE $2 00 A YEAR IN FIRST POSTAL ZONE Subscribers living in Second Postal Zone, $2.50 per year. Beyond 600 miles, $3.00 per year. Rate to Canada and foreign countries, $3.50 per year. All subscriptions are payable strictly in advance. Does outlawry of war by agree ment make it less lawless. :o: Amos n' Andy were not the only ones who were "regusted" in 1930. :o: It is called the week end, but it seems to develop a stupendous amount of energy. :o: Tbe only obstacle to a United States of Europe is tbe United part. Some hitch. :o: There also is entirely too much unemployment among the brains of motor car drivers. : o : The Nye campaign questioning committee appears to be far from the end of its labor. :o: We notice there's still enough money in this country to keep up the morale of bank robbers. :o: There are more autos than loco motives, but this doesn't imply that the majority is always right. : o : The preacher who insists that there is a hell can now find many business men who will agree with him. :o: Its lucky the Declaration of Inde pendence was put over before the present Senate had .to ratify it. :o: When a gang leader has an erratic employe on the payroll it is custom ary to lay him out rather than off. :o: It doesnt help the least bit to re member what a sucker you were with your money about this time last year. :o: Nothing in a name. For instance, a man named Wise down in Kansas has just Deen arrested tor navir.g ra wives. -:o:- The Hobos are heading for Dixie, very few want jobs, the majority evade work -the army? -Why not put them in -:o:- A man touring the world to prove the earth is flat has been sued for back taxes. At least he now knows how it feels to be flat. :o:- What has been generally overlook- ed in the present generous aid of the destitute is that country people have largely escaped notice. -:o: A writer wants to know what has become of all the dime novels. They're i probably running as serial stories in some of the 25-cent monthlies. :o: Leading authorities on pugilism have pronounced "Young"' Stribling of Georgia the first of all the heavy weights now in the fighting game. :o: A Boston professor says that poetry is a spontaneous achievement. There are many editors who wish it were capable of spontaneous combustion. :o: American transportation experts are to teach Russians how to operate their railroads. They'll enjoy the dis tinction of being the first to "train" the Soviet. :o: Just read an interesting magazine story on "The Psychology of Laugh ter." Now will somebody please write an article on the asininity of the ra dio announcer who laughs at his own funnyism. :o: The feeling of being poor, as dis tinguished from the grim reality, has become the especial prerogative of those whose securities, and more par ticularly whose stocks have taken a headlong dive. :o: All who have had to bear the bruis ing attack of the "go-getter" species of salesmen will sigh in relief at the good information conveyed to us by F. A. Platte of New York City, that it is no longer tolerable in business. : o: We don't know how it would turn out on the wet and dry question, but if there was a referendum on the question of having an extra session of Congress called, the "NOS" would be so loud they'd be able to hear it on Mars. :o:- The senate's authorization for the expenditure of 30 million dollars on the modernization of three battle ships is the outgrowth of some ma- neuvering on the part of American delegation at th London conference last year. A cynic is a man who thinks every thing rotten except his precious self. :o: Some people find it easier to live without an income than within one. :o: A Senate confirmation looks like bread cast on the waters with a string on it. Nor can vou judge a man by the brand of cigars he smokes during the :o: holiday season. America spent four millions last year for firearms, and more for other methods of divorce. :o: How dear old ladies are shocked to see girls do the things they vainly longed to do at that age! :o: After hunting for a parking space without success one can understand Europe's jealousies and hatreds. :o: Mme. Galli-Curci has made two sweeping comments on grand opera. Both are sure to be challenged. :o: Note to both parties: A maiden in distress can perish while knights bat tle for the privilege of saving her. :o: The world is now 1.S00. 000. 000 people and making laws for the sup years old. And we haven't even got ipression of all those who dissent. The the prohibition question settled yet. i gravest lesson in all history is that it :o: j is precisely over the shoulder of such Ford says a man won't stick to a suppression as the Fish committee job unless he's making good. What a lot he has to learn about politics. ; :o: Mother cooked great dinners but she didn't have to answer the door- bell and say. "No." forty times a day. Of course, there's lots of things to worry about nowadays, but reporters w not nave to Keep up wnn iecn;s of tree sitters. :o:- If the motive is selfishness and the objective acquisition of wealth, the ;New Year contains virtually no pros- pect of true happiness. :o: That Wisconsin girl who killed aif them. bear with a rolling pin probably killed her chance of getting a hus band at the same time. :o:- Silent air pistols were found re- jcently on Chicago gangsters. Now we know what reports mean which say underworld activities are quieter. : o:- A California golf club gave its j members turkeys for prizes in a re cent tournament. So that they could truthfully say. perhaps, that they ! got birdies. :o: As a result of complaints from In diana received by the two senators from that state the Post Office De partment was stirred to send out five investigators. : o : Coolidge heads list. Chairmanship accepted by ex-president Assistants include Al Smith and Gen. Pershing, for the Red Cross drive for relief to the drouth sufferers. :o: No human being, to parrot a state ment by Theodore Roosevelt, can see farther ahead than fifty years, and foremost concrete social, economic. ; and political developments. :o: The business depression has served to reawaken and intensify the mere or less disseminated dogma that t' e ; people of a state should organize to buy the products of that state. :o: "The day is coming when peop'.e will use airplanes as they now u -j automobiles." says Col. Lindbergh. Now, Charley, let us hope not. T! 8 way we now use automobiles is some- ' thing fierce. :o:- One of the daredevils of the World War, the Count Felix von Luckner, commander of a German marine rav ager, is lecturing, as his performance is called, to amused audiences in the United States. :o: George Bernard Shaw says the Rus sians make the best movie films. The manner in which they carried out their conspiracy trial would indicate they are at least capable of putting across a good show. :o: Either by assassination, or intima tion and persecution, or physical cor- ruption, or mental decay, or a long: ,'term in the penitentiary, every mem- jber of the Btir.sm taking part in crime lor vice is punished for bis misdeeds. HYSTERIA BY COMMITTEE If the Fish committee, which has been investigating communism in the United States, had not already con victed itself of hysteria, its recom mendations to Congress might be a surprise. As it is. they are just what was ex pected. The committee finds there are a half-million communists in the country, and it proposes that we out- law communism or any other subver sive political faith. The United States is in no peril and communism or any other form of radicalism; but the Fish committee would have us do what we have never done: that is, at tempt to suppress a political idea. Congress, we are quite sure, will do nothing of the sort. To do so would be to change our form of govern ment to keep the communists from changing it. which would be quite as disastrous to democracy one way as the other. One member of the committee. (Congressman Nelson ot Maine, kept lhis head wnere his colleagues could not- He said in n,s minon,y report: in proportion as we worn out eco nomic justice here In America and so order our social system that labor ; shall share in the economic life of I tbe nation as fully and fairly as it jnow shares in its social and political life, in just that proportion will radi calism fall of its own inanition and the threat of communism cease to disturb us." Exactly. To do what the Fish committee proposes would be to make more communists. More over, it would create a tyranny of law the consequences of which are too well known for debate. Mr. Nel- son has the right idea. It is by mak ing more equitable the great wealth 'of the nation that we can destroy i i radicalism. We cannot do it by ' handing that wealth over to a few proposes that the liberties of men have at last been struck down, and so it would be here. How long would u De until the part in power put ; t own interpretation upon what jthe committee calls "subversive" The way to deal with an idea is t 1 i ! - .i 'i hflf tor i il a i W ii hnvo n ht- ter idea than communism in the Unit ed States, and so long as we stick to it we have nothing to fear. :o:- Calvin Coolidge will go down in history as the President who. while he didn't make any breaks, got all Probably the multiple divorce, too. will admit after a time that it is quality, not quantity, that counts in marria ge. :o:- Don't sneer at the extravagance of the rich. The more careless the seed is scattered, the more there is for t re birds. :o: A hair dresser's favorite line is "Long may it wave," and she always is glad to do her part in making it a permanent wave. :o: Never before in my time were the people of the United States offered so many remedies for what is sup posed to ail them. :o: Some day the Senate is going to pull something that will make Presi , dent Hoover forget that he is a Quaker Then watch out for fire works. :o: Judging from the hullaballoo still going on among the wets and drys. it looks as if no great question can .be settled by a Literary Digest poll 'after all! :o: The Federal Prohibition Commis sioner has admitted that his agents spent $31,940 for drinks in four months, and perhaps explained in court why current quotations are high. : o: Both parties already have their minds on the 72nd Congress. Both jhave issued calls for caucuses in the latter nart of Februarv Renublicans . ,;. j ty t oc.. the 26th and Democrats the 28th ito lay plans for controlling the House in the next session. :o:- The terms of settlement of the Welsh coal strike have not been made public, but in a country where more than 2 million persons wpre already out of employment, any arrangeme nt permitting 140,000 mineis to return to work murt le a matier of na tional rejoicing. :o: Two rather strange and contradic tory trains of thought or thought lessness! have been noticeable all this year. One is that so many prom inent men, officials and publicists have kept on warning the world that Europe is preparing for war. The jother is that the esneral public has continued to pay little attention to such prophecies. THE RIGHTS OF WOMEN The proposed Lucretia Mott con stitutional amendment, which guar antees that "men and women shall have equal rights throughout the United States and every place sub ject to its jurisdiction." at a hearing held recently before a Senate Judi ciary subcommittee, showed women divided as to the desirability of sex equality. The feminists of the Na tional Women's Party were militant and insistent in an advocacy of equal rights for their sex through this amendment which they are sponsor ing. Opposed to them were numer ous other distinguished women rep resenting national organizations. Whatever may be the outcome of this agitation, notably accelerated since the adoption of the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Amendments, there is a rather general feeling that its ultimate composition is not to be se cured and should not be through the militancy of such organizations as the National Woman's Party. If sex equality is a good thing of which many are doubtful it will be a development brought about by edu cational devices compelled by a new evaluation of women and a recog nition of a polity not known to the ages which have preceded us. Incidentally, and bearing some what upon this mooted subject, the emancipation of women in Turkey has given them one right formerly held by men only, a right which they have not hesitated to exercise that of instituting and obtaining divorce. An average, it is said, of twenty- five divorce suits a day are being brought by women, which, perhaps is natural enough, despite the injunc tions and pronouneentents of the Koran. But Turkey is no criterion, as yet. for the Western World, though in France quite recently much emotion- al excitement has been aroused by the decision of a Bordeaux Judge, which was to the effect that French husbands have the legal right to open wives' letters. Other French 'e- product on a basis of ten-cent cot gal authorities have confirmed the de- ton. cision, but all hands balk toucningj Meanwhile the American cotton the right of a wife to open a hits- producer is rapidly losing his mar- band's letters. kets. For the year 192S-29 the world 1 m , Of course the American problem consumption of American cotton was goes deeper than this, touching prop-j 15,076.000 bales and of foreign cot- erty rights in many states, and other jton 10.S06.000 bales. In one year rights not in harmony with the pro- of Government cotton operations the . . ,. , . v. . . . . . gress and spirit of the age. But the use of American growths declined to question seems to be one not t'or 13,023,000 bales and that of foreign constitutional amendment, but cne ! growth increased to 12,206.000 bales, for the consideration of the respuc- There has been no subsequent swing tive staes. In the meantime the covn try may retain its serenity while the ladies fight it out between themselves, as the meeting before the Senate sub committee appears to indicate them to be quite willing to do. :o: SOME TRUTHS The tendency of modern alleged reform is to more and more empower centralized government. This is wrong and unhealthful. Mr. Presi dent Cleveland's reassertion of the principle of American democra:y. that it is the business of the people jean tackle without needing a fore to support the Government, not the man to see to it that he does his Government to support the people, is fundamentally right. It is not to Congress that we should look in time of public distress so much as to the Legislatures of commonwealths, which are close to the people, which understand their needs and wants far more accurately than any Con gress can ever understand and know them. And they have, and should have, the power to act. We are sup posed to take care of ourselves. In times of public distress such as the present, when the country has am;?le supplies of money, of food and raw materials and credit, there must be something wrong when public indus try can be widely disturbed and gen eral suffering can attain to major proportions. But it is not to a pa ternal Government that we would look for relief and succor. The people and the states have rights and duties which may not safely be frittered away either in the name of humanity or of economic expediency. :o: FIRELIGHT DREAMS Strange are the dreams When the firelight gleams And the winds outside are blowing. My fancies play At the end of the day While the coals are highly glowing. I'm a jolly soul And I'll fill my bowl And I'll drink it down at a sitting What do I care Blue eyes gold hair A woman's smile 'tis fitting. What a foolish whim That my eyes grow dim And a flame that mocks and flashes How strange that I Should sit and sigh 'Til there's naught but cold grjiy ashes. Phil H. Armstrong in the Flor ida Times-Union. :o: . . An eye specialist says green has the most sedative effect on the nerves. The yellow on the 20s is also a balm. First in the dough. Then in the oven. You can be sure of perfect bakings in using KC BAKING POWDER 25 ounces for 25c ASSASSINATING KING COTTON The more spectacular operations of the Government in the wheat pit have somewhat obscured the effec ts of the agricultural marketing on the . cotton grower of the South. Fared with inability to protect cotton pur- chases acainst future Drices because of the operations of the Government, a great majority of dealers, mer chants and exporters have simply re tired from the market, leaving the field to the Farm Board. The steady system by which cotton was bought, stored, contracted for by spinners and merchants for long terms in advance, and through which each crop was absorbed at competi tive prices when it came to market. ; has entirely broken down. Spinners n r u Hllv in r"orwlt nm nut V n on. i In the Countv Court of Cass coun ner. obviously since it is ruinous tO'tv Nebraska: buy raw material at sixteen cents j and then be forced to sell the finished back to American cotton in world competition, and the experiments of the other Governments with price fixing indicates that there will be no such swing until the Government abandons its untenable position. :o:- MORE OR LESS TRUE What a lot of hostesses can't be I made to understand is that the male of the species wasn't constructed for lap lunches. Eating is one job the average man duty. An egotist is a husband who thinks if his wife had it to do over again. . . knowing him as she does now, she d still jump at the chance to marry him. Our idea of a modern sissy is a ribbon-counter Sheik who owns one suit of silk undies that he washes out in the bathroom bowl every night and hangs over the tub to dry. A man boasts that he never fools away time in a store, but knows! what he wants and gets it; but his . . .. . wife knows that if he wasn't so easy that the dumbest clerk can guy him he'd have more money to give her. If a man went to a formal evening party with as much of his bare back jexposed as a woman does, if he wasn t mortified to death at making such !an exhibition of his backbone, he'd freeze to death from the exposure. A lot of the money the women spend on themselves may look wast ed, but it would look more so if it had been spent on their husbands. Another advantage in having the wife working, too, is that when they get home at night she's as sick of town as he is, and there is no argu ment about going back a,fter the canned meal to a movie. So far we haven't heard of a scien tist ever trying to explain why an old married man gets such a kick out of being gallant to and liberal with al most any old dame, but the one who keeps him straight, darns his socks and gets his meals. :o: Medical scientists are still on the hunt for a cure for the common cold. and yet, when you have one. every body you meet knows at least a half dozen sure ones. When, a few nights ago, Tammany held its victory dinner to celebrate Democracy's recent sweep of New York state, the chief figuie in that sweep. Governor Roosevelt was not present. The Governor had sent Tam imany word that he had ar other en gagement at Albany for the night. Tammany felt hurt and said so. :o: A western correspondent asks us to explain, if we can, why the country is getting along worse on more money than it used to on less. "The banks are filled with deposits and a big gain has been made the past fiscal year in savings accounts." :o: Phone your Want Ad to No. 6. NOTICE OF ADMINISTRATION In the County Court of Cass coun ty, Nebraska. In the matter of the estate of Thomas Troop, deceased. Notice of Administration. All persons interested in said es tate are hereby notified that a peti tion has been filed in said Court al leging that said deceased died leav ing no last will and testament and praying for administration upon his estate and for such other and fur ther nrflprs finri" nrru-eeil in in tiip premises as mav be required bv the 'statutes in such cases made and pro- j vided to the end that said estate and J11 hinss pertaining thereto may be finally settled and determined, and tnat hearill(f wi1 be had on said petition before said Court on tbe Cth day of February, A. D., 1931. and that if they fail to appear at said Court on said 6th day of Feb ruary. A. D., 1031. at nine o'clock a. m. to contest the said petition, the Court may grant the same and grant administration of said estate to H. A. Schneider, or some other suitable person and proceed to a settlement thereof. A. H. DUXBDRY, i Seal i jl2-3w County Judge. ORDER OP HEARING and Notice on Petition ror Set tlement of Account State of Nebraska. Cass county, ss. To all persons interested in the estate of Isaac Cecil, deceased: On reading the petition of W. A. Robertson, Administrator, praying a final settlement and allowance of his account filed in this Court on he .of January. 1931, and :for distribution of estate and dis- charge of Administrator- it is hereby ordered that you and all persons interested in said matter mav- and do- appear at the County i Court to be held in and for said , nty Qn the 6tQ day Qf February I a. D. 1931, at 10 o'clock a. m., to show cause, if any there be, why the ! prayer of the petitioner should not be granted, and that notice of the pendency of said petition and the hearing thereof be given to all per sons interested in said matter by publishing a copy of this order in the Plattsmoutb Journal, a semi-weekly newspaper printed in said county. for three weeks prior to said day of hearing. In witness whereof, I have here unto set my hand and the seal of said Court this 9th day of January. A. D., 1931. A. H. DUXBURY. (Seal( jl2-3w County Judge. Georgp Y-icr, Attorney LEGAL NOTICE In th District Court of Cass Coun ty. Nebraska. To the heirs, devisees and legatees of John R. Sheffer and wife, Martha Sheffer, the heirs, devisees and le- i gatees, personal representatives and al1 otnerr Peon8 interested in the estate of John R. Sheffer and wife, Martha Sheffer, real names unknown, and all persons having or claiming to have an interest in Lot 8, in the Southeast Quarter (SEVi) of the Northeast Quarter (NE of Section Twenty (20). Township Twelve (12), in Range Nine (9), East of the 6th P. M. in Cass County, Nebraska, more particularly described as follows, to wit: Beginning at the Southeast (SE) corner of the Northeast Quar ter (NEVi) of Section Twenty (20), Township Twelve (12), in Range Nine (9), East of the 6th P. M. in Cass County. Nebraska, thence North Thirty (30) rods, thence West 1336 - , f-V ' Thi., ,,n. feet, thence South Thirty (30) rods. thence East 1336 feet to the place of beginning, real name? unknown, and L. V. Sheffer, first and real name unknown. You and each of you are hereby notified that on the 10th day of January, 1931, Catherine Coleman, Hettie G. Wright. Ella May Marshall, Ada F. Gullion, Isa O. McLeese, Mat- tie J. Bailey, Lula A. Landon. Myron E. Coleman, and Elmer C. Coleman filed their amended petition as plain- mis agaiuM you anu eacn oi you a. aeienaants, tne onject ana prayer or said petition being to quiet the title of the plaintiffs in and to the follow ing described real estate, to-wit Lot Eight (8). in tie South east Quarter (SE14) of the Northeast Quarter (NE4) of Section Twenty (20), Township Twelve (12), in Range Nine (9). East of the 6th P. M. in Cass County, Nebraska, more particularly described as follows, to-wit: Beginning at the South east (SE) corner of the North east Quarter (NE ) of Section Twenty (20), Township Twelve 12), in Range Nine (9), East of the 6th P. M. in Cass County Nebraska, thence North Thirty (30) rods, thence West 1336 feet, thence South Thirty (30) rods, thence East 1336 feet to the place of beginning. You and each of you are required to answer said petition on or before the 2nd day of March, 1931. ELLA MAY MARSHALL, Plaintiff. By GEORGE YEAGER. J12-4W Her Attorney. NOTICE Whereas, Henry W. Miller, con victed in Cass County, on the 5th day of January, 1929, of the crime of auto theft, has made application to the board of pardons for a p.! role, and the board of pardons, pursuant to law have set the hour of 10 a. m. on the 10th day of February. 1931, for hearing on said application, all persons interested are hereby noti fied that they may appear at the Suite Penitentiary, at Lincoln, Nebraska, on said day and hour and show cause, if any there be. why said ap plication should, or should not be granted. FRANK MARSH. Secretary, Board of Pardons. N. T. HARMON. Chief State Probation Officer. NOTICE Whereas. Otis Ireland, convicted in Cass County, on the 23rd day of August, 1930. of the crime of driv ing while intoxicated, has made ap plication to the board of Pardons for restoration of driver's license, and the Board of Pardons, pursuant to law have set the hour of 10 a. m. on the 10th day of February. 1931. for hearing on said application, all persons interested are hereby noti fied that they may appear at the State Penitentiary, at Lincoln, Ne braska, on satd day and hour and show cause, if any thereby, why sanl application should, or should not be granted. FRANK MARSH. Secretary, Board of Pardons. N. T. HARMON. Chief State Probation Officer. NOTICE OF ADMINISTRATION In the County Court of Cass m ty. Nebraska. In the matter of the estate of Viola G. Smith, deceased. Notice of Administration. All persons interested in said es tate are hereby notified that a peti tion has been filed in said Court al leging that said deceased died leav ing no last will and testament and praying for administration upon her estate, proof of heirship, and for such other and further orders and pro ceedings in the premises as may be required by the statutes in s.x h cases made and provided to the i nl that said estate and all things per taining thereto may be finally set tled and determined, and that a hear ing will be had on said petition be fore said Court on the 6th day of February, A. D., 1931, and that if they fail to appear at said Court on said 6th day of February, A. D.. 1931, at ten o'clock a. m. to contest the said petition, the Court may grant the same and grant adminis tration of said estate to Frank R. Gobelman. or some other suitable person and proceed to a settlement thereof. A. H. DUXBURY, (Seal) jl2-3w County Judge. Georsa Vngrr, Atlorurr LEGAL NOTICE In the District Court of Cass Coun ty, Nebraska. To the heirs, devisees and legatees, nprsnnnl rpnrpsontativps arH al! nlhur persons interested in the estate of jJohn R Sheffer and wife Martha sheff er, the heirs, devisees, legatees and personal representatives of all other persons Interested in the estate of John R. Sheffer real names un known. Catherine Coleman, the heirs, devisees, legatees and personal rep resentatives and all other persons in terested in the estate of Catherine Coleman, Jane Coleman, the heirs, devisees, legatees, personal represen tatives and all other persons inter ested in the estate of Jane Coleman; E. B. Coleman. William Coleman, J. K. Coleman, Mathilda Pearson, Lucy Garrett, M. L. Coleman, Mary Laugh lin, Amanda Cheverant, Amy Farmer and all persons having or claiming to have any interest in the following described real estate, to-wit : Frac tional Lot Seven (7) in the Southeast Quarter (SE4 ) of the Northeast Quarter ( NE ) of Section Twenty (20), Township Twelve (12) North, Range Nine (9' E. of the 6th P. M. in Cass County, Nebraska, more par ticularly described as beginning on the East line of said Section at a point Forty (40) rods North of the Southeast corner of the Northeast Quarter (NE4) of Section Twenty (20), Township Twelve (12) North, Range Nine (9) East of the 6th P. M.; thence North 40 rods, thence west 1336 ft., thence South 40 rods, thence east to the place of begin ning, real names unknown: You and each of you are hereby notified that on the 10th day of Janu ary, 1931, Catherine Coleman, Hettie G. Wright, Ella May Marshall, Ada F. Gullion. Isa O. McLeese Mattie J. Bailey, Lula A. Landon, Myron E. Coleman and Elmer C. Coleman, filed their amended petition as Plaintiffs against you and each of you as de fendants, the object and prayer or said petition being to quiet the title of the plaintiffs in and to the fol- j iowing described real estate, to-wit Fractional Lot Seven (7) in the Southeast Quarter (SE ) of the Northeast Quarter (NE4) of Section Twenty (20), Town ship Twelve (12) North, Range Nine (9). East of the 6th P. M. in Cass County, Nebraska, more particularly described as begin ning on the East line of said section at a point 40 rods N Orta of the Southeast corner of the Northeast Quarter (NEVi ) of Section Twenty (20. Township Twelve (12) North, Range Nine (9) East of the 6th P. M. ; thence North 40 rods, thence West 1336 ft., thence South 40 rods, thence East to the place of beginning. You and each of you are required to answer said petition on or before the 2nd day of March. 1931. ELLA MAY MARSHALL, Plaintiff. By GEORGE YEAGER. J12-4w Her Attorney. Bates Book and Gift Shop la ex clusive Dennison decorative supplies dealer in this vicinity.