plattemoutb Tli .lourtiiil lll 'v r t f.nm.l l- IxriiiK rr tin4 Im- roiitof I'laUv uuiulti untl C . I'OUllly 111 jC-HTul 1L A. HATES, rtiiLisiiEu. Volume XXIV "DEMOCRATIC AT ALL T1MK8 AND VNDKH ALL CIHCUM8TAt.-CK8. OFFICE-'o. 112, tfovTH ixth Strict PLATTSMOUTH, NEBRASKA, THURSDAY, FEBUARY 11, 1904. Number 7. Cm eoat? I th oouut j. ( TABT C0P.B-ST0ME JBSHIMGS And Other Items of Interest Prepared Es pecially tor th? Journal Readers. H. Vnli'iitlm. In low's ilc-pilr To li r m ill C uplil. I ri. l, -v i'lf. AIhh! Alui'k! ;is fuir Sir C'iiill fell In luvu lit iii'M'l f . St. Vulent iti's tluy next Sunday. Candidate arc beginning to "pull wire." Wouldn't this weather jar the coal dealer? The- mercury sterns to be chasing the dollar wheat. lie sure you are right then let your wife have her own way. From a Joke hook of 1W: If you like ground hog, cat sausage. Many a girl who is deathly afraid of a mouse wears a rat in her hair. Some people are like lobst er salad they don't agree with anybody. In the absence of a man there, may bo sonic comfort for an old maid In a lamp that smokes. The leap year inducements might bo strengthened if the girls would agree to press the man's trousers. The old familiar motto, "Love one Another" Is too frequently construed to mean love one and another. The lightest line for a mail box mu tilator is $100 for the lirst ollense. There's not apt to be a second one. It may be fun to take one's best girl out sleigh riding, but it is far more comfortable to sit by the warm stove and feed her "tally." Want a dead safe tip? I lore It is There will not bo as many cold days in February as there were in January Tills Is encouraging to coal-burners. W'lien Adiun, In lillsn. Asked Kv fur 11 kiss. Hln' puckered lu r lips with a eoo; (lnvi'B liHik ho ecstiitie, And imxwerecl emphatic. "I don't euro Adam If I do." A little girl recently remarked that editors were a kin to physicians that she had heard so many say "they could not live without the Journal." Nice little lady, that. "Will tho canning factory proposl tion fail to materialize?" asked a citi zen the other day. Not if the project or lives up to ids agreement, and the Journal believes ho will. There arc several young men In this old town who have had their own way trom Infancy up, who will wake up some of these mornings and wonder why they ever got married. If you want the Journal and the Journal Monthly Magazine both for one dollar a year, subscribe before the lirst of March. All subscribers who pay one year atiead also reap the bene- llts of this bargain. Remember when you receive a ridic ulously constructed valentine, don't get mad, but be like the fellow that, was kicked by the jackass, "consider tliesourco." Noonc but Jealous-hearted enemies arc guilty of such work. The Ice dealers of l'lattsniouth feel very much rejoiced over the fact that they have harvested and housed a splendid crop for suffering: humanity next summer, and they don't care now how soon the "good old summer time" arrives. "Old King Coal lsa merry old soul a merry old soul was lie." A ton of him once cost three and a half, now it costs over a "V." lie makes you hot with a good warm tire, but makes you hotter if you're a buyer. Now, look at right, In the proper light; then you won't call us a liar. It Is said that a school teacher not a thousand miles from riattsniouth box ed a pupil's cars a few days ago. The boy toldihis mother, and the next day the teacher received the following note: "Nature has provided a proper place for the punishment of a loy, and it, Is not on his car, either. I w ill thank you to use It hereafter." A young man of this city who had grown tired of disengagement and was trying to afford his sweetheart a good excuse to release Mm, said to her: "I have been concealing something from you; the truth is I am a somnambu list" "Oh, that needn't Interfere," exclaimed the faithful young lady; "1 ttMtnmMiHi.ii. iimi n Bad Coughs "I had s baJ weeks and coulJ courIi for six fin J no relief until I tried Aycr's Cherry Pecto ral. Only one-fourth of the bottle cured me." L. II awn, Nevrtngton, Ont. Neglected colds always lead to something serious. They run into chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, asthma, or consumption. Don't wait, but take Aycr's Cherry Pectoral just as soon asyourcough begins. A few doses will cure you then. Ttirtt lrtit I V, M . tl. Alt 4rutlH. I'mifttilt vmir liwtur. If !i trtTt take II. Ih.n in h If lit tM vim rmt In tk II. Oun it.ni't lkf It Ha ktiuot. t, II nii him wlllli.t. i. I . AY I II CO.. Uiat ;t. Mam. am rmt s particulay. "I was brought up a mpiisi, mil ro jusi as soon changeover to accommodate you. A certain husband, whoso name we will not mention, objected to doing certaiu chores about the house which fell to his share, lie went so far as to (note scripture to his w ife to convince her that the household duties should properly lie assigned to tho women. Not to be outdone, the good wife re plied by reading 2 King '21 :U, "I will wipe out Jerusalem as a man wipoth a lish, wiping it and turning it upside down." That husband has wiped the dishes ever since. And old fogy of the worst sort re marked In our presence the other day that "he did not believe in giving the canning factory one penny to locate here." His "kick" was expected, for be has lived here a number of years, and has opposed every enterprise cal culate! to benetit the city during his residence here. Such citizens are no credit to any community, and the soon er they "vamoose" to make room for more enterprl.ing citizens the better it will be for the community in gen eral. Such people are not desirable In a wide-awake town. GAEBEL'S BROOD SOW SALE Last Monday Not Very Largely Attended, But Stock Brought Fair Prices. The weather being very unfavor able the sale at C. J. Gaebel's farm, live miles southwest of Louisville, was not very largely attended. Those who were there, most went to buy, and the general result was that the .sale was considered a success both In prices and the sale of stock, lielow we give a list of the purchases and the names of purchasers, as numbered: 3. K. II. Deal, Elwood.IU. . . .$ Co 00 Swan A. Keson, Gretna.. !M 00 " " " 42 00 A. L. Schafer, Nehawka.. 27 (Hi Art ilrown, Waterloo 130 00 J. M. Doming, So 15end.... !)" 00 Fred liudd, Xeb. City ... . 3 (Ml D. Andrus, Manley 31 00 C. II. Lull, " 31 00 Geo. Hammer, Greenwood 33 00 Win. Krhart, Wabash 32 00 23. 37. 10. 1H. 2f). 24. 21. 17. 1!). 33. 34. 32. 30. N. 27. 20. 32 00 J. E. Pierce, Greenwood... Amos Keiser, Louisville... J 1 cming & Son, So 15end 30 00 28 00 35 00 31 (HI 51 00 30 00 31 CO 28 00 30 00 J. J.'l'.laek. Ilonson 11. l'angeman, Louisville.. C. T. Long, Manly Win. Meyers, hwedeberg. . J no. Tritsch, riattsniouth J. Scheiimann, Louisville J. Hammer, Greenwood... Amos Keiser, Louisville... D. Andrus, Manley Henry S iss, Louisville.... 33 00 30 00 33 00 20 00 20 00 21 00 21 00 2(i 00 23 00 23 00 2.') (Ml 20 00 211. "). H. Tangcman " .... II. Wendel Heil, Cedar Creek 7. J. M. Deming, So llend... i. Gust Slander, Manley Wendel Heil, Cedar Creek W. Two bulls at $40 each. A representative of the Journal at tended the sale, and after the con elusion, and just as he was ready to take his departure for Louisville, Mr Gaebel wouldn't listen to our going until alter supper, and of course we remained. Mr. Gaebel's farm is one of the llncst in that section, and be ing surrounded by a family of whom any man should be proud, a handsome home and all the comforts of this life, lie should certainly bo a most happy man, and if actions are any indication he certainly Is. Charley Is one of the nicest men In Cass county and his friends are legion. Fashion Department. We have completed arrangements whereby our Fashion Department will be greatly improved. At least four pages, beginning with our March num her, will be given over to this depart iiient, and we can assure our readers that designs and patterns will lie up to date In every particular. We have also added a Home Art Department devoted to embroidery and fancy work. This department will lie con ducted by Adelaide E. Heron of Chi cngo, an acknowledged authority on the subject. Mrs. Heron's article w ill be amply Illustrated. In her an nouiieoinont she says: "I have been asked to conduct a department in Hi magazine that shall Ik' devoted t decorative work for women, and f( this department four pages have been set aside by the management. This space Is to be Tilled with practical In struction along the llnesof embroidery, lace, burnt wood, drawn work, and In a word to all the arts that can be em ployed in beautifying the home. In this my introduction to my readers, I wisli to say that I consider it a privi lege to bo allowed to conduct this de partment and expect to derive much pleasure In the new acquaintances 1 shall make, and in return I hope to be of real practical help to you all. A letterbox will be opened In tho next Issue of the maga.lne in this depart ment, and no quest loil will be con sidered too simple to be answered. Write on one side of the paper only, and If an Immediate answer Is desired, send a return stamped envelope. You will lind my address at tbchead .of the department." Do You Want a Farm? 170 acres of good land In Cuss county tor sale. Call on or ad.liess, Henry lKni.it, 1'iattsmoulh, Neb. TEAM GOES INTO AIR HOLE. earn, wagon ana Harness bo into me Missouri and Are Lost. Our fellow citizen, Geo. Poisal, had the misfortune to lose a team, wagon and harness while engaged in hauling Ice on Friday afternoon last. A young man named Miller was driving the earn, and was going from the west side of the river to the east side for a load of ice when the misfortune hap pened. It seems the young man and team were crossing the main channel and in some manner got Into an air hole before It was noticed. In an in stant almost the team disappeared, and young miller jumped in tlmo to ave himself, from the same fate. For several days Mr. l'oisal and his force had been engaged In cutting ice on the east side of the river to fill his houses in this city, and were about through cutting and hauling when the acci dent happened. The wagon was as good as new, having been in use but a short time; the harness was brand new and the animals while not the best in the world, was a good all-purpose team. The value of the entire outfit is placed at about $250, and is quite a heavy loss to Mr. Toisal at this time. An incident happened which demon strated the faithfullness of the dog. The old pet dog, which had been ac customed to following the team wher ever it went, jumped in after it had gone down, and also disappeared under the ice. The Journal Magazine. The present Emperor and Empress of Japan arc, without question, two of the most striking tigures in modern history and the dispute with Russia brings them into greater prominence at this time. In the March number of the Journal Monthly Magazine we will have an Interesting article on this imperial family. They have adopted Western ideas eagerly, and many amusing tales are told of the time when the court was ordered to appear In European garments. ' Tilings were put on upside down or wrong side out, and in several cases the liibl ical decla ration that "the last shall bo lirst and tho first shall be last" was verified literally. Those were hard days for the poor creatures, but with a stoicism born of centuries of calmness and pla cidity they made no tutward or visi ble sign of the misery they endured in the unaccustomed garments. "When I think," says our writer, "of the struggles they must have had with the French corset and high heolod slippers those women who had worn only loose, flowing garments and sandalsall their lives previously, I feel that martyr's crown would bean altogether an adequate compensation for their torment. " Get a Move on You. Too many merchants look upon ad vertising as a scheme to help the edi tor. With department stores sending out tons of advertising matter, tho country merchant must have the goods and the prices, and he must ad vertise or get run over In the march of civilization. His rents are less, his help cost less, and he can compete with the city retailer and pay his advertis ing too; and tho time has como when he absolutely has to do it. Country merchants are rapidly finding this out and arc taking ad vantage of it. Many of our exchanges are showing half page and whole page ads that have always carried small ads heretofore. Get on the band wagon or the automobile will butt you into the middle of the Mis souri river. Don't Do It. It may 1 Interesting to some who have slipped in "just a few words" of writing in a package of paper or mer chandise mailed at the lower rates to their friends, that the abuse has be come so common that postmasters have been Instructed to examine such packages and report, if writing is found, to the department ollicials. l no next the senders know win be a visit from a deputy United States marshal with a warrant of arrest, and lie taken to Omaha for trial with the result of having to pay a fine of $2." and the cost of the action. Don't do It. SncoH Thieves Around. Some sneak thief or thieves went to the home of Leonard Horn, In the northwest part of the city, Monday night last and almost completely rid died tho line of a week's washing l'll- fering clothing from linos has boon quite common in town of late, and If those w ho are susplcloni d of this act are arrested, it may come to light that they aro the ones who have been do ing all such petty stealing. Next to robbing a hen roost, for moan, petty larceny, comes robbing a clothes line after a hard day's washing. Nearly Forfeits His Life. A runaway almost ending fatally, started a horrible ulcer on tho log of J. it. Omor, Franklin Grove, III. For four years It iletied nil doctors and all remedies. Hut Hucklen's Arnica Salve had no trouble to cure Mm. Equally good for Hums, Itruises. Skin Erup Hons and Files. 2 mj at F. C. Frlcke & Co's drug store. Happily Wedded. A very prettr but quiet wedding oc curred at the home of Mr. and Mrs. riilllp Melslnger, seven miles west of riattsmouth, Wednesday afternoon, February 10, 1903, when ills daughter, Miss Clara Elizabeth, and Mr. Ed II. Tritsch were united In the holy bonds of matrimony, Ilev. Spreigel.of Weep ing Water, olllciatlng. The affair was attended only by a few invited guests. The bride Is a member of one of the best families in Cass county and is quite a favorite In the community of where she was raised, while the groom Is a son of Jacob Tritsch, well known to the people of Cass county. The younflf man Is very fortunate in secur ing such an accomplished lady to ac company him down the ruggod pathr way of Time, while tho bride is equal ly fortunate in securing for a husband so worthy a young man. Thus has been united a happy couple of young people, and belonging as they do, to two of the grandest families in southeast Nebraska, their future has the appearance of a bright and happy one, and the Journal hopes that neither wlli ever see the the day or hour that they will rPtfret tlie .step they liavo taken. May their pathway through life be constantly strewn with the rarest of Mowers, whose fragrance shall sweeten the love that binds in an Indlsoluble and lasting union. DESIRES TO BE RELEASED. A Son of Hon. William Deles Dernier DIs- satisfied With His Naval Career. Hon. William Deles Dernier of Elm wood, this county, has been engaged for several days In an effort to have his son released from the United States navy, and has enlisted several of his friends In this city in his behalf. The boy is but 19 years of age, and it is expected that the young man will get ids freedom on account of his age. The facts in the case are about as fol lows: Chester Deles Dernier, a couple of years ago, was a student in the fresh man class at the stato university at Lincoln. He was 17 years or age, bright, active and intensely patriotic His blood had been fired with a mili tary ardor by the occurrences of the Spanish-American war, and he made up his mind that hi country needed ids services. He left the university, not waiting for his parents' consent, because he knew it would not bo granted, and started for tho TacUlc coast, At Bremcrtown, Wash., the boy met a liaval recruiting oilicer. The oillcer painted in glowing colors the grandeur of a naval life, and Novem ncr zi, iiHK, mc ooy eniisied as a landsman to serve on the United States crusier New York. lie served for a year and found that the life he I was leading was not what he had ex pected It to be. The glory of war had departed, and only the drudgery re mained. week ago last Saturday the boy showed up at ills father's home in Elm wood. He had taken French leave of the navy. The father recognizing the Irregularity of the proceedings, decided that steps must bo taken at once to save ills son from being ar rested and court martlaled for deser tion. Thursday of last week, accom panied by a good share of the Cass county bar, Including Judge S. M. Chapman, Hymn Clark and II. D. Travis, of this city, he went to Omaha with the boy and surrendered him to the custody of the United States mar shal. Then he Hied, In federal court. an application for a writ of habeas corpus to get his boy out of custody. Judge Monger granted the writ and sot tho hearing for last Tuesday. The question turns on whether a minor may enlist in the navy without the consent of his parents, and whether, If ho does, tho parents may tako him away from the navy by such a process as Deles Dernier lias put un der way. It Is said that tho question has been before the courts a number of times, both state and federal, and lias been decided both ways. Judgo Munger lias reserved final de cision In the matter until Saturday, w hen tho Journal hopes to hear that the young man lias been released. This Incident should serve as a warning to the numerous young men who arc so auxioiis to get away from home to Join the army or navy. Some of them do not realize tho comforts of home with father and mother, sisters and brothers, until mey nave liad a taste of the hardships experienced in the army and navy. Have You Indigestion? If you lwvo Indigest ion, Kodol Dys pepsia Cure will cure you. It haa cured thousands. It is curing people- every dayevery hour. You owe it to your self to glvo it a trial. You w ill con tinue to miller until you do try it Thcro Is no other combination of dl gestants that digest and rebuild at the same time. Kodol does both. Kodol cures, Mrengt hens and rebuilds Sold by F. (. Fi lcko &. Co. Smoke tho Wurl Hros.' celebrated "Uut Hell" cigars. iitr.it ART.' Copyrighted 1003, We Have I POWERS OF A COUNTY JUDGE. He May Commit to Jail When Questions Are Not Answered. A county Judge Is vested with the same authority as a notary public, In Nebraska, in the matter of taking depositions and may commit to Jail for neglect to answer his orders to ap pear for the purpose of making depo sition, says the Lincoln Star. The supreme court so decides In the case of Olmstead against Edson, a petition In error from Webster county. The decision is the first to delinc the powers of a county Judge In such premises. Judge Edson was county judge of Webster county. While engaged in settling up an'estatc lie ordered a Mr. and Mrs. Olmstead to appear on a cer tain date to make depositions in re gard to the affairs of, the estate. Mrs. Olmstead was an interested party in the settlement and It appears that the testimony of her busband-and herself would have resulted in pecuniary loss to her. For this reason the couple paid no attention to the summons and another one was served. This also was ignored. Then the judge com mitted the couple to jail for failure to appear. They were released on a writ of habeas corpus Issued by the judge of the district court of Webster coun ty and suit for damages for false Im prisonment was at once instituted. The decision was for the county judge, in the lower court, on a general de murer, and Is atllrmed by the opinion. In passing upon the case Judge Harncs remarks: 'A county Judge In this state has the same jurisdiction and powers in taking depositions that are conferred by law upon 'a notary public; Includ ing full authority to commit a witness for refusing to be sworn, or even testi mony in a proper case. "A petition against a county Judge, or a notary puplic, to recover damages for false imprisonment based on such a commitment, must allege facts, not conclusions of the pleader, from which it appears that the oillcer proceeded without Jurisdiction, or that the cvl dence sought to be lllicited from the witness was of such a nature as to justify his refusal to testiy." A Cure for Eczema. My baby had Eczema so bad that Its head was a solid mass of scabs, and Its hair all came out. I tried many remc dies but none seemed to uo any per manent good until I used DeWltt's Witch Hazel Salve. The Eczema cured, the scabs arc gone and the little one's scalp is perfectly clean and healthy, and its hair Is growing beau tifully again. I cannot glvo too much praise to DeWltt's Witch Hazel Salve. -Frank Farmer. lliulT City, Ky. In buying Witch Hazel Salve look out for counterfeits. IH-Witt's Is tlio origi nal and the only one containing pure Witch Haiel. The name E. C. De Witt & Co. Is on every box. Sold by F. 0. Frlcke & Co. Tato Laxative Bromo Quinine Taiicts. Seven MflBon boxes sold In past 1 2 months. . This &iamatnrn. v2 A little bird sat on a telegraph wire . ' And said to his mates" I declare I! If wireless telegraphy comes Into vogue i We'll all have to sit in the air." . That's just the situation exactly when we show our goods the fit, then mention the price.and our competitors are "up in the air." , , OUR Spring i Summer Suits ARE ARRIVING DAILY are laying away cpuite a number of them for those who believe in getting fixed early. Wc a Few Overcoats Left h That it might be to your interest to come and investigate if you arc hunting such a garment. MORGAN School Notes. The following is the report of the riattsmouth public schools for the month ending February 5, l'.HH: Teac'liiT. Mi'ins'p. Attend. Tard. 1'erCt. At. ass i:b HH 2 1HI.3 Marshall 37 Id M :i'i M 41 M A 4j V 44 ;w 47 411 411 M id inr, l.evinus id re. 3 7 W 111. 8 H'l.i 111 (J. 2 VI WI.2 7H Ml. 3 INI. 2 112. S h2 V IXI.U Ml. 5 85 8.V5 80.1 im.7 Kennedy Farley K'lnki'iid K Hirer Clark Kd wards liiilse !iilth Tresliam Ilelsel. Mason Mrsliartlelt. Irlllty Ilawkswork . Wlia len Haves Illrd'llaSnillli 4H Lett le Smllh.. 4: Wllli.inis :m Tarlseli '4 Total MX' an .Ian. imrj.en. m !i IK) I The enrollment todale 11224; last year. 1230. The High School Athletic Associa tion aro beginning to show signs of life again. A plan is on f ot to have a field day some time in May. The mid-year promotions have been made during the last month. If you found your child promoted on trial he w ill need some'attention at home if he is to make the next grade at the close of the year. We arcTplanning to prepare some work for the - Nebraska educational exhibit at St. Louis. As the time is limited in which it may bcidone lit is to be hoped that pupils and teachers wlll'do this cheerfully. Certainly riattsmouth wants to be represented in such a display. We are glad to announce that through the work of the teachers and pupils and the cordial support of the citizens the School Lecture Course has now enough funds on hand to pay all exper.ses. The last number Is the cream of the course, and should re celvea large patronage. Evcryi cent received for this entertainment will be used for the upbuilding of the school, or placed as a guarantee fund for future courses. . When You Have a Cold. ine nrsi action wiien you have a cold should be to relieve the lungs. This Is best accomplished by tho free use of Chamlierlaln's Cough Remedy This remedy liquiDes the tough mu cous and; causes lis expulsion from the air cells of the lungs, produces a free expectoration, and opens the se cretions. A complete cure soon fol lows. This remedy will cure a severe cold In less time than any ot her treat ment and It leaves the system in a natural and healthy condition. It counteracts any tendency toward pneumonia. For sale by all druggists. For Sale! Four 10-acrc tracts of land, adjoli.- Ing town, at fSTi per acre; one-third cash, balance on time at (I per cent Interest. One six-room cottage, which could not lie duplicated for $to, will bo sold at a big sacrifice for cash. Sub mit offers. We have other bargains that must be disposed of Inside the next thirty days. Call at our olllce for particulars. it. I!. Windham. To Cure a Cold in One Day u tmmmmmm A MAGNIFICENT RECEPTIONS Grand Lodge Officials Royally Entertained by the Local Lodge Degree of Honor. Star Lodge No. 4, Degree of Honor. tendered a grand reception to tho Grand Chief of Honor Mrs. Mary Laiky, and the grand recorder, Miss Hcmpol, at the beautiful home of Wil liam Hassler, Thursday afternoon. Tho large parlors and dining rooms were tastily decorated with cut flowers, ferns and palms. Those in the receiv ing line were Mrs. Hassler, Miss Anna Hassler, Mrs. Latky, Miss Hempel and Mrs. Chapman. After the company was Introduced to the guests of honor they were led to the dining room. where dainty refreshments were served Mrs. Latky 's -wonderful-success Id her work and her popularity over tho state have attracted no little atten tion here, and riattsmouth people were glad of an opportunity to meet her. The regular lodge meeting waa held in the Ancient Order of United Work men ball in the evening, with a large attendance. The grand lodee otllcera were formally introduced to the lodiro ' and invited to a scat on tho platform. I he grand chief of honor Oiled the chair and gave the lodgesome valuable instructions. After lodge closed all . adjourned to the banquet hall, 'where Ice cream and cake were served. Star lodge, No. 4, is proud to counb as one of its members Miss Hempel, grand recorder, who is held In high esteem, not only here, but throughout , the entire jurisdiction. ' . . The visitors departed for'thelr res pective homes on Saturday morning. . A Doctor's Big Fee. Our paper reported a short time ago, that a lady-doctor presented her bill to the estate of the late millionaire, Wheeler, amounting to one hundred thousand dollars. High doctors' bills are not rare and they probably are the only cause-why common people do not call a physician unless absolutely nec essary, especially where it I known that pure home remedies often 'have the desired effect. Such a euro home- remedy is Trlner's American Elixir of Hitter Wine. In stomach troubles In blood diseases and in nervous weak ncss It is a perfectly reliable remedy, a natural remedy, composed f grape wine ami selected herbs. It brings the stomach to the regular activity and promoting digestion, builds new, pure blood. Bhxid can never bo puri fied by medlclnesspolling the stomach. Trlner's Hitter Wine strengthens the stomach, tho nerves and tho muscles. At drug stores. Jos. Trlner, im So." Ashland Ave., Chicago, Ills., IMW,1 ruation. . For Sale! Eight acres of land, l Woe west of M. I. Depot; good five room. house barn, wells and other Improvements' l'lenty of fruit of all kinds. For fur ther particulars call on or address, u. u. toi.l, natUmoutrr Car Crip faTwtDtryy S?jCyT to 3 r C-.. 7 A