m
LEAF SPOT AND BLACK ROOT
Most Destructive Disease Attacking
Leaves and Stems of Tomatoes
and Hard to Control.
Leaf spot is the most destructive
disease attacking the leaves and stems
of tomatoes, and it Is very hard to
control. Small, Grayish-brown angu
lar spots, containing minute black
fruiting bodies, appear upon the leaves
and stems. The lower ones are first
attacked and the disease spreads up
ward, often almost defoliating the
plants. Many growers report that this
disease is worse on high, dry, gravelly
or sandy soils, it is carried over the
winter In diseased stems and leaves.
Treatment: Sprny with Iiordeaux
a week after transplanting and repeat
Leaf Spot of Tomato.
at Intervals of ten days or two weeks.
It is often advisable to stake and tie
up the plants for greater convenlenoe
in spraying. Pinching off the lower
leaves which touch the ground when
the plants are set out is also recom
mended. The diseaesed tops should be
raked up and burned.
; Black rot is a fungus which attacks
the stems, leaves and fruit of the to
mato. It is by the destruction of the
fruit, however, that it causes the most
serious loss. Roundish black velvety
spots appear on the blossom end of
the tomatoes. These increase in size
and sometimes involve the whole fruit.
On the surface of the diseased spots
Black Rot on Tomatoes.
dark-colored, many-celled club-shaped
spores are produced.
Treatment: Spray with Iiordeaux,
beginning when the flowers open, and
repeat at intervals of ten days or two
weeks. Remove, and destroy diseased
fruits. Burn the diseased tops.
Olive brown, feltllko areas called
scab occur on the under side of the
leaves and brown dlscolorations on
the upper surface of the tomato. In
several cases the leaves turn black,
shrivel up and die. Tawny-colored,
two-celled spores are produced on the
clustered stalks of the fungus on the
under surface.
, Treatment: Spray with Bordeaux
early and repeat at intervals of ten
days or two weeks.
WHAT REAL FARMING MEANS
Truly Work of Science and Improve-
ment Comes Through Course of
j Education, Says Hoard.
' Agriculture in this country will take
a great uplift in Its general efficiency
and financial profit, says Gov. Hoard
of Wisconsin, in his Dairyman; the
material resources of fertility, forests
and fuel will bo better conserved and
life on the farm greatly elevated In it3
scope of enjoyment, when the Ameri
can farmer comes to that period of
mental development that will enable
him to see that farming Is as truly a
work of science and large comprehen
sion of forces as any Industry. No im
provement can como as long as the
farmer believes that he does not need
education and well developed brain to
carry on hlj business. The only farm
er in the land that Is making good
growth and progress Is the man who
accepts the statement squarely, that
thought, knowledge and real mental
power are necessary to his well being
as a farmer.
STANDARD WEIGHT OF PRODUCE.
Kind. Founds per.Bu.
Whent (!0
Corn on the ear 70
Corn shelled GO
Itye GG
Buckwheat 4
Barley 48
Oata 32
Teas 60
White beans GO
White potatoes ....CO
Sweet potatoes 55
Onions 57
Turnips . ...5o
Clover seed Co
Flax EG
Millet 58
Timothy seed 45
Blue grass eeed 41
Hemp seed 41
Cornnicnl 48
Bran 30
PliCFITABLE GMICN IN FALL
Of Many Kinds Yellow Potato or Mul
tiplier Has Proven to Ee Best
for Late Planting.
After trying mrny kinds, I have
found that the most profitable onion
to plant in the fall Is the yellow po
tato onion or multiplier. These in
crease entirely by division of the bulbs
Smoothing Ground.
and never make seed, and the small
bulbs can be pulled off for bunching
in the spring and any that are left
will mature into good onions that can
bo 6old in a djy state, so that there
is no loss in running to seed, says
a writer in the Business Farmer.
Onions, especially fall planted on
ions, need a light and well-drained soil.
It Is a matter of course that the soil
should be well prepared and made
rich. There is one advantage In the
onion crop in that it can be grown to
ndavantage year after year on the
same land if the soli Is properly fer
tilized. Clean cultivation and the use
of chemical fertilizers only will grad
ually clean the lands of weeds, for
weeds must be kept out at all hazards.
"Clean as an onion bed has come to be
a maxim for clean cultivation. If
you want a rapid and early growth
you must be liberal with the fertiliza
tion. The manure needs of the onion
crop jiro mainly nitrogen and potash.
To make a ton of fertilizer fcr onions,
I would mix 900 pounds of acid phos
phate, 600 pounds of cottonseed meal
or fish scraps, 100 pounds of nitrate of
soda and 400 pounds muriate of pot
ash. Of this I would use 1,000 pounds
per acre well mixed in the soil, half
In the furrows under the sets and
half alongside the rows. The dis
tance between the rows will depend
on the extent of the crop and whether
horse culture or hand culture are used.
In either case lay off furrows and ap
ply tho fertilizer. Throw a furrow
over this one from each side to make
a bed or list. Flatten this somewhat
and open a shallow furrow in the bed
for plunting the sets. The sets should
be covered rather deeply, as a win
ter protection, the earth being pulled
away in the spring. Setting them
deeply in tho flattened bed will bring
tho bulbs on the surface in the spring,
or just where they will develop best.
An illustration is given of an imple
ment that will prove of much value to
the farmer in smoothing tho ground
before seeding.
GOOD WORKING ROAD DRAG
One Made by South Dakota Farmer
Four Years Ago and Is Still Giv
ing Satisfaction.
Tho accompanying cut illustrates a
road drag or grader which was built
by a South Dakota farmer four years
ago, and after a fair trial has given
entire satisfaction. It draws the dirt
Road Drag.
together, fills ruts and leaves the road
In condition to shed water. Lower
front edge A should bo chamfered ho
that dirt will crush and pass out.
Strap iron 2x2 Inches should bo
placed at B on front of lower edge
to protect the timber.
FARM NOTES.
When packing apples do as you
would be done by.
A weed killed now means 100 fewer
weeds next spring.
Plow up the old strawberry bed If
it is falling and start a new one.
Store early dug potatoes In a cool,
dry place. Do not put in tho cellar.
Allowing a potato to take a second
growth spoils it for eating pur
poses. Clip grapes oft with a pair of shears.
Don't allow anyono to tear oft tho
bunches.
Mulched potatoes v. ill not grow as
badly as tho unmulched If wet weath
er conies on.
Plowing tho orchard late encourages
late growth of wood which is apt to
winterkill.
Letting weeds go to seed means
that you are laying up trouble for next
year.
Potato in Wild State.
Iu a wild state tho potato vine is
very hardy and will grow to a con
siderable height. It Is said that the
Indians did not cultivate the potato
except for the' leaves, which became
known as their tobacco hence the
leaves aud stalks of tobacco are large,
but there are no signs of potatoes at
the roots. So much for cultivation.
Good Roads Help Farmer.
Good roads help In every way; they
promote sociability by making friends
and relatives accessible, and by means
of them It In easier to reach the
schools and churches and to generally
do and enjoy tho things which make
life really worth living.
The Little
sm item ft i!
,'i i r-,. ' !
m N
These little individualities of dress
are a valuable feature. Any separate
Idea can be appropriated by those de
signing a new gown and often this
little original touch will impart an
air of elegance to an otherwise color
less costume.
The new small sleeve is a problem
to nearly every home dressmaker
how to avoid the "nippy" look. Nos.
1, 2 and 3 offer suggestions for sleeves
for different gowns. No. 1 is a sleeve
for a semi-dressy evening gown of
crepe de chine, piped with chlffou vel
vet in a darker tone, and the but
tons are covered to match. The un
dersleeve is chiffon and lace. No. 2
Is a blue serge, suitable for a morning
fror k. The top of the sleeve is lego'
mutton shape, cut with one seam, and
the band scalloped well up the back,
from which falls a frill of lace or hem
stitched mull. No. 3 is attractive for
a cloth afternoon gown and takes
away the plain look from the top of
tho arm which is not often becoming.
The little cap is made of the mate
rial, braided, and held together with
matching cord and braid buttons,
which also trims the outside of tho
sleeve.
The cap is lined with a matching
shade of soft satin.
HAT OF MOIRE.
Edged with black silk, with a sort
crown and a wreath of oxidized silver
roses.
A Trying Collar.
The very extreme collar has not re
turned, but has given place to a mod
erately high straight collar, surmount
ed, In many instances, by a suggestion
of a frill again.
Plaited linen Is better than nich
ing, nnd a tiny outstanding turnover
is good. This Is purposely allowed to
flare so as to form a frame for the
face. It is slashed open back and
front, and Is rather stiff and formal
looking.
This type of collar is no more gen
erally becoming than Is the Pierrot
ruff. It takes away from the natural
outline of tho face and neck, and
should be cautiousl chosen. There
are always styles of this sort for tho
very slender woman, and they should
be reserved for her.
Just a Toilet Hint.
A little borax In witch hazel la a
good face wash aftor motoring, and Is
also of value In so many ways that
every woman should have borax and
witch hazel In her dressing case, saya
an authority on such matters. A little
bicarbonate of soda and orris root In
the bath make It much more pleasurable.
Touches
No. 4 Is a novel finish for a simple
blouse. Two rows of narrow velvet
ribbon, black or some dark shade, and
a row of gold and one of silver but
tons form the trimming.
Something new in buttonholes is
sketched in the serviceable coat in
No. 5. The garment hooks with large
cloak books, while the buttons and
double simulated buttonholes form a
finish. The buttons nnd collar facing
are of moire silk another new fea
ture of the winter modes. The but
tonholes and collar edge are of dark
er cloth.
No. 6 shows one of the smart
touches on the latest chapeaux a
luce cockade, stiffly wired aud tied
with a black and white bow.
For this fashionable cloth coat for
early fall an unusual collar finish Is
the only trimming required.
No. 7 is a light pearl gray cloth
with square, stitched rovers of black
satin. A very stunning effect is given
by three great gold disks on the end
of each tie.
A belt of two shades of taffeta and
black soutache braid, crossed over In
front and fastening under a black sat
in bow, gives a cachet to a plain silk
gown.
CHANGES IN TABLE SILVER
Knife Handles of Ivory and Mother of
Pearl No Longer Seen Lavish
Display Frowned On.
All of the latest knives and forks
have handles of sliver, which has en
tirely superseded the white handles
of ivory nnd mother of pearl. The
sliver is found to be more substantial
nnd is less likely to be spoiled or
broken by constant use. Silver plat
trs also take precedence cv.-r the
enes of china for tho serving of all
meats, poultry and fish, as they hold
the heat better and insure the serv
ing of those courses piping hot, a
thing not possible with china.
It Is not customary abroad to place
half a dozen knives and forks of va
rious designs, some for fish and some
for fowl and some for no one knows
what, alongsldo the plates before a
dinner is begun. But for each course
as It is removed tho waiter brings
the "tools" for the next. Not only is
ilils bit or show dono away with, but
it Is considered bad taste to Bpread
out an array of silverware before
your guests, an act which appears
rather parvenu, as though tho object
of a feast were to make an exhibition
of wealth. It Is taken for granted
by one's guests that there Is plenty
of silver to go round.
New Fall Goods.
Whipcord.
Satin-faced crepons.
Crepe bcngallne.
Travcrs cord.
Satin prunella.
Herringbone serge.
Striped English solell.
Marquisette.
Velveteen and corduroy.
Broadcloth.
Cashmero de sole.
Fancy messallnes.
Chevron worsteds.
Sturdy homespun.
Rough Cheviot.
The Leading Lady
By CHARLES
lCoirltfUl, j
There was much surprise and no
little consternation In the ranks of the
Sterling stock company, when It was
unnouneed that the star of the cast,
Miss llalllday, had been taken sud
denly ill and that tho part of "Iris"
would be given over to the mercies
of a substitute that night. Gerald
Morrison, who sustained tho principal
male character of tho play, was par
ticularly worried over tho unfortunate
occurrence. He looked about hlin In
quisitively as he stepped upon tho
dimly-lighted stage. Tho new leading
lady was not visible and the only
strange face be observed was that of
a pretty your.g girl, who had appar
ently been brought by some friend In
the company for n peep behind tho
scenes.
"Ready for the first act!" cried tho
stage manager, nnd Gerald was sur
prised to see, when the stage was
cleared that tho strange young girl
remained, lie was about to go for
ward nnd warn her that tho rehearsal
was to begin and that the leading lady
would want the rtage to herself, when
he was amnzed to hear her repeat In
rather nervous tones, tho opening
lines assigned to "Iris." The act pro
ceeded nnd the girl became moro
nervous as each new character ap
peared, until when Gerald approached
her, she greeted hlin with trembling
voice nnd tearful eyes, Instead of tho
gay flippancy assigned to the part. This
annoyed hlin nnd he spoko his lines
In a rough, careless way that made
her almost forget hers. She glanced
at him nppeallngly and whispered:
"Please forgive me; I'll do better to
night." Gerald left tho theater In
anything but a pleasant mood. lie
looked forward to all sorts of unpleas
ant happenings during the evening
She Hastened Forward, Breathlessly.
performance nnd when the time came
for his appearance before the foot
lights he had worked himself Into a
state of nervousness almost rivaling
that of the debutante.
Iris made up very well, he thought,
as he came forward on the stage, but
It remained to be seen how she would
act. He advanced repeating his lines
In a Jerky, Irresolute fashion and mix
ing the sentences so that tho cuo was
lost. Much to his surprise and relief,
however, Iris saved him from the con
sequences of his lapse of memory by
an extempore word or two that
brought the play buck lulu lib proper
groove.
On the following morning tho news
papers spoko in highest praise of the
opening performance of tho Sterling
stock company In "The World and a
Womnn." To Gerald Morrison was
given the greatest credit for the sun
cess of the play, although mention
was made of the clever work of Miss
Margaret Deane, who, owing to the
sudden illness of Miss llalllday, took
the leading lady's part of Iris, and ren
dered an admirable performance, con
sidering her extreme youth and the
fact that she had appeared on such
short notice. Before Gerald left the
city for a tour in the south ho signed
a contract with tho Sterling Stock
Company for the next season. When
tho members of tho company assem
bled to be cast for tho piny which was
to be produced at the opening of the
season, the new manager turned to
Gerald.
"I want you to meet Miss Deane,
who will play opposite to you, Mr.
Morrison," he said.
"Tho Introduction Is scarcely neces
sary," responded that young lady, in a
freezing tone of voice. "I havo had
the honor of meeting Mr. Morrison be
fore." "Our acquaintance was rather
ehort." remarked Gerald. "I am happy
in being ublo to resume It so soon."
Miss Deane merely bowed aud was
silent. They met constantly at re
hearsals and Gerald was surprised aud
annoyed at the hauteur and disdain
with which he was treated by tho girl
whom a few short months ago he had
looked upon as littlo moro than a
child. There were moments when ho
thought ho could detect a little more
cordiality in her tone or glance, but
any encouragement thus derived wa
quickly overbalanced by her coldness,
if he presumed on it. Ho overtook
her one morning as they left the thea
ter. "Our ways seem to lie In the same
direction; may I accompany you?" he
asked, somewhat timidly.
SraTSF 1
L. DOYLE
W, J. i liai'iuau.)
"No, thank you," bIio answered, In
differently.
Despite his repulse, Gerald, who by
this timo was willing to admit to
himself that lie was really lii lovo
with her, continued to seek Margaret's '
society. One morning on his way
to rehearsal he noticed iu a florist's
window n pretty hunch of Marguo-'
rites. Acting on the linpulso of the
moment, ho purchased them, and on
arriving at the theater sent them to
Miss Deane's dressing room. When
sho stepped on tho stage sho carried
tho box containing tho tlowers In her
hand.
"Some foolish person sent mo these,"
sho remarked to tlio company who
stood around her. "I am not particu
larly fond of Marguerites, us they ro
mind me too much of my own name,
which I have tho mt.sforttino to dis
like. Won't you all help yourselves?
I might not bo so generous If they
were roses."
As tho ladles present nvalled them
selves of the Invitation and pinned
clusters of the pretty blossoms on
their gowns, Gerald received a defiant
littlo glance from Margaret that con
vinced him that she had discovered
tho donor, and that her dislike for
Marguerites was of recent nnd sudden
growth. The dress rehearsal which
took place on the night preceding the
presentation of tho piece In public wag
a Ions one, and It was nearly one
o'clock when the weary performers
emerged from tho stngo door. Mar
garet Deane felt decidedly nervous as
sho walked along tho lonely cross
streets, which were practically desert
ed, livery footfall in tho distance
made her stiirt, and when sho fancied
she heard a cuutlous step behind her,
as of Homo one following in her track,
her heart beat painfully. She glanced
hastily back and caught sight of the
tall form of a man who was evidently
watching her.
She hastened forward breathlessly,
conscious all the timo that her pur
suer was bIho hurrying on. At last
tho thought of calling a policeman
entered her mind, but there was none
In sight. A light In the window of a
house close at hand caught her eye,
nnd she decided to appeal to the in
mates for aid. Mounting the steps, sh
was horrified to hear the rapid ap
proach of her pursuer's feet closo be
hind her. Desperately she reached fot
the bell, and was about to pull It, when
a familiar voice said:
"Do you wish to oee anybody herd
I have a latch key handy."
"Gerald! Mr. Morrison." almosl
screamed Margaret, In surprise nnd
Immense relief. "Ia It really you? 1
thought It was some awful highway
mnn following me. Oh, I am sa
glad!"
"So am I." said Gerald, earnestly,
"glad because the barriers are broken
down between us, even If you were
a little bit frightened. You foolish
child, did you Imagine that 1 would al
low you to wander through tho street!
alone at this time of night? And, ol
course, Fate ordained that you should
run up hero, where I live. Now I am
going to see you home."
Margaret slipped her littlo hand con
fldingly through his arm, nnd they
started off together. "I was horrid
to you. Gerald," she said, falterlngly,
"but I never will bo again."
During tho following week the nn
nouncement was made In theatrical
circles of the engagement of Margarcl
Dunne, lending lady of the Sterling
Stock Company, to Gerald Morrison.
"Queer," commented the stage man
nger, "I thought she hated that chap,
but you never can tell. I suppose sh
was In lovo with hlin all the time."
Old Custom Abolished.
The British army council has decld
ed to abolish the old custom of "crying
down credit." Under the king's rcgu
lations, commanding olllcers, on arriv
ing at a new station, are required tc
make proclamation warning tradespeo
pie and others that a soldier's paj
cannot bo stopped for a private debt,
nnd that those who allow soldiers tc
contract debts do so nt their own risk
Tho custom iu the old days often
gavt rlso to a picturesque ceremony
the commanding officer, accompanied
by a detachment of his regiment and
the drums, rending tho proclamation
in the market place. The iaRt occa
sloii on which the ceremony was per
formed was a year or two ago. Th
old proclamation is now to bo re
placed by newspaper advertisements
Trial of Radiotelegraphy.
A powerful radiotelegraphy planl
has been contracted for by tho navj
department. This plant will bo al
Washington, I). C, and will bo guar
nntetd to transmit messages 3.00C
miles across seas. Tho aerial trona
mission system will be supported by g
COO-font steel tower. The plnnt ii
guaranteed to bo operotlve under all
atmospheric conditions and to bi
proof against all Interference from al!
present radlutclcgraphlc apparatus Ir
use anywhere. It Is reported that th
navy operators unsuccessfully tried
for four days to interfero with th(
operation of a preliminary arrange
ment of the typo of apparatus to b
used. The cost of the plaut Is stated
as $1S2,G00.
Australia Needs Settlers.
Auatrulia has more unemployed
area in proportion to the populat'lut'
than any other country.