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DAIRY-BRED VEALS
BRING HIGHEST PRICES
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JVHK MIGHTY activities nrnl marvelous progress me
fl fAU 1. . x BAn In tlm fine f 1 fifl viMira nro utrlklnrlv
1 illustrated In the centennial celebration of the incor-
El poratlon of St. Louis. Picturesque pageants with
1 ; everything In the way of the spectacular which la
ft i rnopt likely to stir tho imagination of the spectator
) Into annreclutlnt: the work of the past through con
trasts with tho present feature the week's program.
The greater part of tho history ot early St. Louis
Is really more fit for tho unwritten American epic
poem than it Is for mero proRe. Its work as a frontier
town In tho first half of the nineteenth century mado
it the mid-continental city of tho Vnltod States in the
second half. Its pioneer trado routes aro now the great routes of steam
transportation between tho KIo Grande and the Canadian border and be
tween the Mississippi and the Pacific. It established the flrBt water routes
from the headwaters of the Ohio to the- mouth of the Missouri and of the
Illinois, opening iho first water connection for steam transportation between
1he Ohio and tho upper Mississippi and Missouri, developing the Ohio river
ttates on both sides of that stream.
Every state now on tho map west of tho Mississippi was penetrated by
Its business pionoers, establishing the first centers of trade. The whole west
13 Interested with St. Louis In celebrating this great event, because in
founding tho first great city of the tnins-Mlsslsslppl west tho pioneers
made the western beginnings now explained in
scores or other western cities ana in actual tnou
sands of other Incorporated towns, which, if they
are not already great, are not unduly modest In
their expectations of becoming so. Tho Invi
tation to a thousand mayors of American cities
to participate In tho festivities fchows that St.
Ixnils fully appreciates Us position as the pioneer
city of tho great west.
As there were less than 200 houses, Including
outhouses and barns, In tho St. Louis which incor
porated in 1S09, It could not havo had much over
900 people. Tho town was already the chief seat
of tho western fur trade, with Its trading stations
pushed to tho headwaters of the Arkansas and far
towards the sources of tho Missouri and the Yel
lowstone. Doing business wholly by barter, with
almost no money in hand, in sight or In circula
tion, with resources represented almost wholly by
the spirit of Its 900 people; with the ax and rille
and blacksmith's slcdgo as Its implements, with
the one-horse tart, the keelboat and canoe as Its
transportation facilities, tho little town, when it
Incorporated, already looked on Its work as that
of opening up tho United States of tho future to
the Kocky mountains and beyond them to the Pa
cific In 1S09 it had lost Meriwcather Lewis, but
r w y S.I
4 . v -v -,
Calf Supply Is Not Increasing and Consumption Is Evl
dently Surpassing Production In the
N Larzer Cities.
oZi
OLIV STREET, 3T.L0VIS
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life;,, nil h -i
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-? II the third generation vvv ' "
n 1907 the first alrv Vsv ... . -; : ;; . yA' "
WIGHT MROFLAyfMKrnjt MKifUJt
France. Iaclede landed at the foot of what Is
now Market street, organized the village and
resided there for 14 years. He named the new
site St. Louis in honor of Louis XV., the reigning
sovereign of France. The territory was trans
ferred by Fiance to Spain by secret treaty in
17C2, but It was not announced in the new village
until October, 1764. In 1803 Spain retroceded the
sovereignty to France and on April 30, 1803,
France fold all the territory west of the Missis
sippi river, known as the Louisiana purchase, to
tho Vnlted States for $15,000,000, Napoleon re
marking: "This accession of territory strengthens
forever the power of the United States."
With less than a thousand Inhabitants when
the whole country had not quite seven and a
quarter million in 1809, St. Louis emerged from
the era of the keelboat and pirogue to pioneer the
steamboat on western rivers. Loading Us first
Veal never sold as high as at pres
ent In tho markets of the Vnlted
States. At Chicago choice veals have
been largely taken by killers at nine
dollars per hundred weight, and $9.50
has been a common quotation In east
ern markets. Veal appears to have ac
quired popularity, but current high
prices are coincident , with a lofty
lamb market and almost prohibitive
quotations on the succulent pork
chops. The cause of these high pHces
Is reflected in demand for yearling
cattle of both sexes and It means that
the American peoplo are demanding
light cuts of all meats, showing a will
ingness to pay a premium when their
taste Is consulted.
Not all calves command top prices,
for the veal eater Is a discriminating
individual. Color counts w 1th him and
the calf that can be converted Into
tho pink veal epicures prize must
have been separated from his dam
but a short time before slaughter
Range cattlo usually reach market
hungry and In feverish condition and
the meat dresses a dark hue, necessl
tatlng sale at lower price than meat
from dairy calves shipped from points
close to Chicago and killed before
hunger has become acute and the lit
has been credited with making gains
In territory tributary to the largo cit
ies east of the Mississippi river, tho
calf supply Is not increasing and con
sumption is evidently surpassing pro
ductlon. The result has been a drain
on the young cattle of the west, range
bred calves of tho half-breeds going
to market by the million annually In
rcsponso to high prices. These west-,
ern calves do not make the best veal,
weight and condition in which they;
reach market being against tho mar
ket quality of tho product, but such.
Is the demand for veal that even big
calves, weighing 250 pounds and up,
are bought with avidity. Forth Worth
and Kansas City are shipping Incredi
ble quantities of range-bred veal to
eastern centers . of population, and
when tho grower Is able to sell a
calf for more money than he has been
accustomed to realize on yearling
steers he Is not to be blamed for sac
rificing theso young animals, especial
ly when he Is facing a shortage ot
grass and most of these western
slaughtered xalvea are koshered ac
cording to Jewish law, the fore-quarter
selling on the New York market at
higher prices than choicer cuts fetch.
In the New York ghetto, where ko
shered beef waB formerly consumed In
"..jW...S,
it
- l ( z 4kv- r? ff L e
Light Dairy-Bred Veals That Bring Highest Prices.
mm
IQO YEARS ACQ Y .
ii rs t . . i i mm
jib, an iipi i il ll i I 'miM.?Tjw whj" I
llll IIM I - I II IlUlll HI II IIIIIMIJKI
It still had his companion explorer, William
Clark, to stand for tho spirit of the American and
French "makers of destiny" who thought little
moru of starting a thousand miles into the un
known west from St. Louis than the average St.
Loulsan now thinks of starling for the Pacific
coast In n sleeping cnr.
From a village of 9n0 Inhabitants to the fourth
city In tho Vnlted States, with a population of
three-quarters of a million, is a wonderful
achievement, but It sinks Into insignificance when
compared with the plant strides of the past cen
tury In tho world of science, commerce, tho arts
and every field ot endeavor which makes for a
higher und better civilization.
It Is a severe strain on tho Imagination to at
tempt to bridge over the gap between the mean
ing of an airship crossing tho Mississippi river
at St.,Luul3 this year aud w hat the ancient keel
boats of 1809 meant, as they landed at the foot
of Walnut street, w here the town wns founded In
1764 by tho pioneers who had paddled and cor
delled their bateaux painfully up tho river from
Now Orleans under Laclede as ho udvanced in
the bold attempt to control the fur trade of half
a continent with his handful of men.
The keelboat then was no more out of date
than the airship Is now. it was the best modern
boat in, 1809 which could be equipped by tho capi
tal of St- Louis, of New Orleans or of Philadel
phia. Because of It Philadelphia and St. Louis
commanded tho cast and west movement of busi
ness as that north and south was commanded by
New Orleans and St. Louis, as soon as tuoir first
fleets of kcclboats were regularly organized. It
helped to make great history, even if It did have
to be pulled up stream by a rope dragged by men
oa tho bank.
TniB distance In point of change in the way
things are done li almost Impassable for the
mind. In point of
fact in St. Louis it
is only a matter ot
the third generation
between keelboat
and aeroplane. In
1907 the first alr--shlp
on record as
crossing the Missis
sippi river crossed
it at St. Louis dur
ing the internation
al contests of that
year. It Is something
to remember now as
part of the record to
which belongs the his
tory of the first loco
motive crossing tho.
Mississippi at St. Louis
In 1832 to complete
tho work of the St.
Louis argonauts of
1840, crossing to the
Pacific, in their "prai
rie schooners."
If we suppose aero
planes and airships
circling In tho air
above tho St. Ix)uis
keelboat landing of a
hundred years ago we
innv lmneino. if wo
can, how they appear
to the men whose
grandfathers not only navigated the river In
keelboats, but lay flat behind the goods the boats
wore loaded with while they were being shot at
by Indians along the banks."
It is almost if not quite as hard now to Imag
Ino whnt the world meant before the ago of
steam as It Is to think out what will bo its mean
ing in the ago of tho perfected airship and aero
plane. Every contrast possible in the St. Louis
centennial week of pageants is a challenge to
look backward and forward In the attempt to
find out what a hundred years already mean, as
the first success iu the attempt to find what it Is
to mean shortly, for this generation and for tho
grandchildren of this generation In 2009.
The makers of the centennial week program
were keenly alive to the opportunities for spec
tacular effect suggested by the most striking
events of tho world's progress. The aeronautic
events such as balloon races, aeroplane and diri
gible balloon contests, Buggest the future possi
bilities of transportation In contrast with those
of 1S09. For comparison with automobiles and
aeroplanes the bateau of Laclede's day, with its
stumpy mast, Its cordello and Its sweeps, is an
educational feature of the water pageant, which
Includes crafts of all the kinds which now ply the
waters of the Mississippi. The Veiled Prophet's
pageant, unique and picturesque, la another fea
ture which is full of romantic Interest. The edu
catlounl parade, the parade representing 3,000 of
St. Louis' industries, the procession of a thou
sand mayors and the other events which find a
place on the program ail suggest that as a great
week for St. Louis Its cectenulal week Is still
greater, as It belongs to a hundred years of history-making
for the continental Vnlted States.
Tho city of St. Louis was foundod by Pierre
Lcclede Lisuest in 1704. The territory west of
the Mississippi river was then in possession of
msmiPPl RIVER KECL50AT iN J609
tlo bawlers become feverish and ex-1
cited, says Breeder's Gazette. All calf
buyers appreciate the necessity of
shortening the life of the calf as much
as possible after It reaches tho stock
yards. Tho calf-killers prize weigh
around or closo to 130 pounds that
come to the Chicago market from
southern Wisconsin and northern Il
linois. Breed counts for nothing, quar
lty and weight everything In deter
mining prices, and a Shorthorn calf
has no advantage over a Jersey. It Is
a fact, however, that moro Holsteln
calves sell at high prices than any
other breed, not becauso they make
better veal, but for the reason that
Holsteln cows compose In a large
measure tho herds of intelligent dairy
men who know how to fit a calf for
tho vealer's purpose. Milk may be
high, but feeding it to a calf to a lim
lted extent Is not unprofitable.
Despite the fact tho dairy Industry
enormous quantities, veal la now giv
en tho preference and calf values
have soared while heavy cattle have
sold at a discount.
But after all, there Is no veal In
America as the European epicure
knows It. Most of the product Is
coarse and badly colored when It
goes to tho consumer. Such artificial
methods as are used In France, Ger
many and Holland by real finishers
are unknown In America. There the
calf Is hand-fed from birth and when
ready for tho market commands prices
that make even New -York quotations
or. choice veal look cheap. There ex
ists on this side of the Atlantic the
possibility of catering to the veal eat
er, by furnishing him with something
equal to the European article, with
profit. The lamb grower has dono
it successfully and why should bo
much good raw material be wasted In
the calf market?
steamboat In 1817, It had more than doubled Its
population of 1810 In 1S20. From 4,000 In 1820,
two decades of stenniboating gave It 1G.4G9 In 1840.
About that timo it began its great transcontinental
work with tho "pralrte schooner," reinforcing the
steamboat In overland transit. With the trans
continental overland movement, to Oregon as well
ns California, growing, In 1830 it had 77,860 peopla
and was beginning its work as the first pioneer of
railroads to tho Pacific. After bringing the first
loco:notlve west of the Mississippi in 1852, It more
than doubled Its population In that decade, reach
ing 185,587 In 1860. With the foundations of the
states now west of the river, already laid along Its
first trado routes In 1800, it advanced In the next
two deendes to 350,532 people. Chicago was pass
ing it In population then, without being able to
tako from It Its historical place as the "first great
city of tho west," the pioneer and founder of the
west of the present. Since 1880 it has doubled its
population once more, advancing from 350,000 to
over 700.000. At Us present rate of increase, re
sponsive to that of tho Mississippi valley, St. Louis
U doubling business in a little over 10 years. Its
bank clearings increased from $292,000,000 in 1SG9
to $3,074,000,000 In 1908. Its tonnage of merchant
disc received and forwarded was 20,162,000 tons
lor the first six months of this year. Its bank
resources reported June 23, 1909, at $385,881,000,
more than double the total of the tenth year back
Such figures illustrate much more than local
progress. They are mid-contlnental before they
become local, in tho scnee that tho people of the
wholo area between the Allegheny and Rocky
mountains are now exerting new energies and util
izing new forces of growth, unforeseen even as
late as 10 years ago. As the percentages of this
growth aro ot course greatest west of. the Missis'
Flppl river, St. Louis has almost "made Itself over"
In 13 years In growing up to the new growth of
the country. Since It began work for tho world's
fair, celebrating the Louisiana purchase, It haB
learned to look back on itself In the last decade of
the nineteenth century as "old St. Louis." In
looking buck to the older St. Louis of 1809, It can
boast that as a frontier outpost it led the progress
of tho continental Vnitcd States. In looking for
ward, In Its centennial year, It can seo that the
greatest results of the history It has made are only
tho beginnings of greater results, which belong to
the immediate future of the continental United
States, whose progress makes tho frontier town of
1809 tho mldcontlncntal city of 1909.
FATTENED ON ALFALFA AND CORN
GRAFT FOWL BONE ON JAW.
An unusual surgical operation was performed at
St. Joseph's hospital, In Omaha, recently. A por
tion of the Jawbono oi Lucretla N orris was re
moved and a piece of chicken bone Inserted In the
place of a diseased section.
The clil U els years ou, and wa3 born with a
malformed law. It was to remedy this that's bono
from s frcBhly killed chicken was Inserted.
In Nebraska many farmers fatten
their hogs entirely on alfalfa although
corn Is the staplo crop of that state.
Fed with corn, alfalfa produces larger
gains than any other feed. Alfalfa and
corn should ho fed In equal portions,
and this ration beats corn alono. Al-
SOME POINTS
FOR FEEDERS
Feeding Operations Generally
Started in Fall or Early
Winter-Things to
Itemcmber. '
Many feeders, but more especially
the beginner in the business, are apt
to make mistakes when putting a
fresh bunch of cattle on feed. As a
general thing the feeding operations
aro started In the late fall or early
winter and one of the main things to
remember Is to start the cattle upon
their grain ration gradually. It must
not bo forgotten that for n any months
previous they have been on pasture
and their ration has consisted largely
of green succulent food. It they are
taken from pasture and put at once
upon a ration of rich, dry feed, the
shock upon tho digestive system will
often result disastrously. Even
though the steer has a largo diges
tive tract, It stands without question
that It requires different functions to
digest green grass than to digest corn
or corn meal, and to get tfco best re-
falfa is an excellent maintenance ra
tlon and will produce excellent pork.
Fed In connection with corn It Is un
excelled. Tho pigs In the picture
were fattened at the state experiment
station on corn and alfalfa and made
an average gain of 6V4 lbs. per week.
suits from either kind of feed tho
change from oue to the other must be
gradual. A common method of chan
ging to tho grain ration Is to commence
throwing a little corn fodder, with the
ears remaining, into the pasture. In
this manner the steerB will acquire
a taste for corn. As the amount Is
gradually increased their digestive or
guns will accommodate themselves
to tho change. Sudden changes of
this kind often result In bad cases of,
scours or sometimes bring about'
equally bad cases of constipation,
either of which will put the steer out
of condition and it will take a con
siderable amount of feed as well as
time to bring him back into a normal
growing condition.
Specialized Farming.
This Is a day of specialization all
right; but specialization In farming
means that a man raises enough of
crops for family and stock, then puts!
his best licks in on somo particular
line of farming. However, the farmer
who specializes too much, I. e., the
one-crop farmer, has overstepped the,
legitimate limits of such and the law
of diminishing returns will surely put
btru out of the business of farming. ',