CURB FILIPINO BOY
MARY H. FEE TELLS PECULIAR
MANNERISMS.
School Children Are Afraid of Being
Laughed At. But They Never Con
sider Themselves Ludicrous.
BY MARY HELEN FEE.
(American Ttartior In Philippine)
Filipino children are far easier to
discipline tlmn American, so lont; ns
they llml firmness and just ice in the
teacher. At the first sign of weakness
In his personality, or In the govern
ment which is behind him, they are
Infinitely more unruly nnd arrogant
than the children of our own race.
There is, even In the most truculent
American child, a sense of the eternal
fitness of things, which the Filipino
lacks. It Is something which Is not
altogether explicable by the hack
neyed allegation as to the Filipino's
Inadequate conception of what consti
tutes liberty. If anything, It would
seem to nte to be based upon the
American's fear of making a fool of
.himself. It is at that point exactly
that the great divergence between the
characters of the American nnd the
Fjllplno begins. Filipinos are dread
fully afraid of being laughed at. but I
have jet to meet the one, child or
adult, who entertained tho faintest
suspicion that he might, of his own
volition, make a fool of himself. He
Is more Kusplclous of others and be
lieves that peoplo may laugh at him
from sheer wantonness, but ho cannot
Imagine that he may put himself In a
position where tho laughter would bo
Justllled.
Tho following anecdote may serve
to illustrate this characteristic: A
certain American tencher was training
a Filipino boy In an oratorical recita
tion. The boy had adopted a plan of
lift lug one band in nn impassioned
gesture, holding It a moment, then let
ting It drop only to repeat tho per
formance with the other hand. After
ho had prolonged this until he began
to look like a fragment of the ballet
of "La I'oupce," the teacher lost pa
tience. "Domingo," she Bald, "don't saw tho
air with those pointless gestures. They
aro Inappropriate and artificial and
they make you look foolish."
Domingo paused nnd contemplated
her for a moment with the large sym
pathy which Filipinos so often display
for our artistic Inapproclatlveness.
"Madame," ho replied, "you surprise
and pain me. Those gestures aro not
foolishness. They are talent. I
thought they would please you."
When a single American child goes
Into conflict with the constituted au
thorities lie must havo a great deal
of the best of the question In order
to enlist active partisanship on the
part of his fellow pupils. If they do go
with him It. Is usually for one of two
reasons. Flther the teacher Is weak
personally, and the children perceive
It, and despise the arrogance which
seeks a leader's position without hav
ing a leader's courage; or recognizing
tho Impregnable strength, of their
united efforts they set out In cold
blooded good humor to make life a
burden to that teacher, and give him
to understand that he rules by the
' consent of the governed and must not
mistake their complaisance for his
own power. Filipino children follow
no such lines of reason. They do not
reason at all ns a matter of fact, hut
they act on certain subconscious Im
pulses which are hnrder to meet with
reason than the most able logic thnt
ever sprang from any brain. They
have not, for Instance, the tradition of
natural enmity between pupil and
teacher which Is almost a national in
heritance with us. On the whole their
attitude toward their teachers is a
very kindly one. nut there is, in every
one of them, male or female, a desire
to assert himself personally; to have
the center of the stage, as It were, and
speak the leading role. As Mr. Kip
ling would put It, there is too much
ego In their cosmos. The secret con
sciousness of power is not enough for
them. They must flash It every sec
ond Ih your eyes, In order that you
may not forget to yield the ndulatlon
which Is due to power. This Is a femi
nine quality and perhaps the shortest
way to put It would be to say that tho
national temperament Is a feminine
one, Into which statement I hope my
readers will not project the moaning
effeminate. Filipino men are not lack
ing In manly qualities. They have the
physical courage, the relatively strong
er will nnd stronger passions as com
pared with women, but In both bcxcs
of the Filipino race there are em
phasized certain mental and moral pe
culiarities which we are accustomed to
consider as feminine. In political, as
well ns'Bodal matters, for instance,
they are ruled more by personal emo
tion and private ambition than by any
general moral or social code. They
re proud, but their pride Is in their
personal Influence or powers of at
traction, not Ih what they hnve ac
complished. They rely upon Intuition
to guide them, more than upon an
alysis. In enlisting your co-operation,
even In public matters they appeal to
your friendship for themselves, In
stead of demonstrating the abstract
superiority of their cause. A demand
refused, they aro not too proud to
convert It Into a petition, and to beg
where they onco commanded. They
are adept at playing upon the weak
nesses and petty vanity of others.
Like vomen they deal gently with
the strong nnd boldly with the
wwuk. And, they have In Its high
est development, tho feminine capacity
for making a volte face with grace
and equanimity- No explanations need
be made. The observer may look,
hear and form conclusions, and, If he
be so stupid, find the eituation awk
ward. It Is not so to the Filipino,
who goes serenely on, protected lu
either his Inconsistency, or his du
plicity, by tho silence which he alone,
according to all decent usage, may
break. He may be one thing todaj
nnd another to-morrow, but It Is suf
ficient to him that he has changed.
You may have your private opinion
about It, but good breeding demands
that you do not approach him In the
matter and he Is going to take ad
vantage of everything which such
"good breeding" affords him.
It Is this last quality which espe
cially contributed to the socalled "do
cility" of Filipino children. If In a
moment of excitement they tako too
high a stand, they can bnck down so
much more easily than American
children. They will, under slight pres
sure, completely reverse a position, or,
failing that, accept any pretext, how
ever puerile, which will. In the lan
guage of the Asiatic Coast, "save your
face."
"Savin? your face" means yielding
a point without seeming to yield It.
American children have this same de
sire to "save their faces," but the con
sciousness of the baldness of their po
sition is usually too much for them.
If, In a heated moment, an American
boy becomes defiant, his teacher has
two things to deal with tho original
cause of the defiance, and his fear of
being thought a coward If he yields an
Inch. You may hold out a bait "Per
haps you misunderstand me, James,11
but James knows that you are making
It easy for him to retreat and that If
ho seizes the pretext his mates will
know him for a sham, bo the self Im
molated victim blurts out, "No, I
didn't, I understand you all right," and
prepares to face the consequences.
Here lu the Philippines all Is smooth.
Give James that much of a lead and
he will amiably accept It. He did mis
understand you and you may rely upon
him to be equal to tho occasion, and
Invent a misunderstanding then and
there which perfectly Justifies his po
sition. The trouble vanishes presto!
nor does a slnglo drooping eyelash, or
lurking smile Indicate that tho audi
ence sees through the whole farce.
And If that Isn't feminine, what Is It?
(Copyright. 19'iS. hy Joseph H. Bowles.)
"TILL THE DAY OF JUDGMENT."
Gen. Grant's Order a Compliment to
Confederate Opponents.
Gen. Grant has been fitly spoken
of ns "an unaffected great soldier." It
may have been the blending of this
large-minded nepg and lack of affecta
tion that Invariably made him so cour
teously kind to any one who asked
his assistance, so generous In his
praise of an opponent, even when that
opponent was fighting him to tho
death. The following little story,
hitherto untold, emphasizes all these
qualities:
After the fall of Fort Donclson, to
prevent the needless violation of
property by either the army
or by camp followers, protections
were Issued by the United
States government. To Miss C, whose
six brothers were fighting In the con
federate army, such a protection was
granted. It had been signed by all
the commanders of the post In turn;
by Tiuell, Rosecrans, Schofleld, Sheri
dan, Grainger and many others, and
the list was long and Impressive. At
last It becamo necessary for Gen.
Grant's signature to be added.
"When I entered the oftlce," says
Miss C, "the general was smoking,
his feet higher than his head. Hut ho
seemed Instantly to stand upright be
fore me, and his cigar was thrown
away In a moment.
"I handed him my protection.
'"You have rather a form-ldablo list
of namcB,' he said, as he took It from
me.
" 'And I hope you will add yours tc
It, and make It even more formidable,'
I replied.
"For answer he sat down again,
ready to put his signature at the end
of the parchment, when he suddenly
stopped and looked at me.
" 'For how long do you wish this
protection for your estato, Miss C.?'
he asked.
"Tut II the day of judgment, gen
eral,' I answered, boldly.
"Then he smiled that sweet, quizzi
cal smile of his that made so many
people, even when they were his ene
mies, love him, and said:
" 'My dear young lady, you have
great confidence in your armies! But
with such courage and with such a
lender as Gen. Lee, I cannot wonder.'
Then, with a great flourish, he nddod
the words, 'Till the day of Judgment,
Ulysses S. Grant,' and hnndod It back
to me." Youth's Companion.
Mfldto's Halt:
Prospective Immigration.
In 1907 wo got 1,285,000 Immigrants;
in 1908. 782.ST0 ; and tlieso figures
were offset by a strong human cur
rent running from our ports back to
Europe. Out of last year's total, Austria-Hungary
sent 168,000; Italy, In
cluding Sicily, 128,000; the Russian
empire and Finland, 156,000; over
three-fifths of the total number thus
coming from southern and southeast
ern Furopo. Thero Is a prospect of a
Russian emigration of a higher qual
ity than we have had heretofore, from
the reformer and high-grade revolu
tionist class; discouraged patriots,
such somewhat as came here from
Germany Carl Schurz among them
after the troubles of 181 S. Harper's
Weekly.
Declares Against Examinations.
Trof. John Coulter of tho University
of Chicago, In an article In the School
Review, takes Issue with those who
favor tho holding of examinations for
entrance Into higher Institutions, Je
clarlng vhat such methods are 'the
relics of barbarism and entirely out
ot data."
pi mk & mm
ill f
The inverted bowl shape predominates among children's fashions for early
spring.
The Faster bonnet of Ih youngest member of the family is quite u mag
nificent structure, but fortunately it. is easily made at home anil father need
not groan when the bill conies in. The Inverted bowl hat is not quite like
tho cloche, for the brim is the same width all around, and the big bowl also
Is round ami slopes down comfortably Into the brim.
Usually these bills are trimmed with a band of satin or silk I'bhon with
a large chou at the side. The ciiou can be repl.iced by a bunch of (lowers, but
the trimming must bo simple, as the hut Is sullidcntly taking to make over
elaboration unnecessary,
Howl shaped hats with a border of very tiny roses, interspersed with forget-me-nots,
are always attractive, framing the baby lace.
One of the Illustrations on this nago shows a hat of lace straw in ecru,
trimmed with a large bow of white ribbon and lined inside with white chiffon.
The small hat Is of white straw with choux of pale blue tat In. The third hat
is of satin straw Interlaced with silk ribbons, and trimmed with large mar
guerttes.
OF STRAW AND METAL.
Smart Thing in Hats Will Be Found
Trying to Many.
The smart thing In hats Is an Im
mense Romney cap with high, full
crown and short brim that tllto down
nil around. One sees n good many of
the Romney styles among exclusive
women, as they really belong with the
epoch of dress which is being copied.
This hat is Intended for young and
pretty faces. Unfortunately, most of
tho styles this year are Intended for
these. This hat Is not eccentric, and
as It fits well over the bead and has
not enough brim to make it compete
with nn airship, it Is just the thing for
windy days.
Tho crown is made of a fascinating
weave of straw braid, which is held In
at tho base by a wide band of metallic
ribbon, either tarnished gold, silver or
copper.
This is flexible and does not give
the look or feeling of weight to the
head. It Is arranged Into a large, soft
bow in front.
The original one Is made in natural
straw with a tarnished gold band, the
whole being so neutral that it can
be worn with any gown.
It will be copied, however, In many
colors, as straw Is now being dyed in
all the tones that have prevailed in
cloths.
There seems a widespread ten
dency to go back to hats of one color
with the gown. They are always In a
different tone from that color and
trimmed with something directly in
contrast, but it is always evident that
this hat was made for this gown.
To Match the Suit.
With shoes and stockings and gloves
to match the gown Is it any wonder
thnt tho same requirement should be
made for the bat ? Not only is the
same color being used, but the same
materials us well. With one, two and
three-piece gowns of rajah silk we
have hats of the same stuff. When
buying the material for the gown get
from two to three yards more, depend
ing on how the hat Is to he. made.
Often, instead of making it all of one
tone, the under side of I he brim Is
made of a slightly lighter or darker
shade, or even of a contrasting color.
For trimming bands of the material
may be used, or flowers, the latter be
ing newer. The (lowers should be of
the two tones used for the hat if possi
ble. Where only one tone Is used they
may give the contrasting note.
For Breaking Nails.
Tho constant use of hard water is
fatal on the good appearance of the
finger nails. This Is one of the draw
backs to a filter plant; the alum used
is hard on the skin and makes nails
brittle. As, however, pure water Is the
first consideration, women must, seek
means of overcoming minor ills.
Nails that break easily must be giv
en a course of olive oil. It should be
rubbed Into the linger tips each night.
Massage well and occasionally give
the lingers a bath in hot olive oil.
If It is not convenient to use the oil,
vaseline is a good substitute. When
ever doing rough work the lingers
should be protected with gloves. If It
Is not comfortable to wear them over
tho whole hand, lingers 'can be cut
from old gloves.
THE NEW v REDINGOTE COSTUME.
Made Up in Light Colors, the Effect lb
Altogether Charming.
There is much undoubted style in
the new afternoon costume, .consisting
of a long skirt worn with a long redin
goto in two shades of the same medi
um color not In violent contrasts, but
having just enough difference to make
it tiotiei able. The redingote is made
up in the lighter shade usually, lu
grays, taupe ;:nd browns in wood
tones, the effect is charming. These
reilinui.ti's outline the (inure, but not
eXUggeiatediv. The sleeves are long,
very plain and close-lilting anil have
lace rullies at the wrists. The neck is
low enough to show the .lingerie stock
and chemisette with its jabot of luce
In front, for the V opening has two
broad, fiat, unt rimmed rovers that
touch the sleeves and lie across the
bust softly. Large satin buttons to
match trim and fasten the fronts in
groups of three. About the knee height
this button fastening ends, but the but
tons continue in threes to the very bot
tom on one side.
One may ( boose light spring wool
ens, the lovely crepons, the heavier
cheviots, or the silk and wool cloths,
as many women have done, and are
weailng Um ir costumes in Florida and
up the coast. Those made of satin
cloths, and even of lighter satin-finish
materials, have folds and cord pipings
as their finishings instead of the plain,
unt rimmed flatness d 'scribed for tho
cloths and tho hemmed skirts. Vogue.
WALKING COSTUME
Lace and Silk Mull.
At the places where Irish lace is sold
thero conies a tiny scalloped edge, and
this can be used with good results on a
small bit of Inexpensive silk mull. The
two combined make a dainty and cost
ly looking Jabot for a turnover collar
at a small price. The silk mull is plain
or dotted, and sells for about 2! cents
a yard. If this Is made Into six fine
plaits, about four Inches long, with a
tab and a buttonhole at top, then edged
with tho Irish scallop, It. can be worn
kith tine's smartest blouse or sent as
a gift to n critical friend.
Hats Have Big Crowns.
The new hats, almost without excep
tion, show exaggerated crowns, and the
rough braids of the bird's nest variety
are much In evidence, though many of
tho prettiest models have their crowns
covered completely with small flowers.
Eton Collars for Spring,
lllg rcuud F.lun collars will probably
hold their own all through the sprit's.
They may be made of plain linen or
decorated with iquares of l.iee set In
II JJ
Navy-blue serge Is used fur this sim
ple costume; the skirt is quite plain,
and trimmed at the foot of front by
black silk braid. The coat Is edged
with br.ild. which Is taken up the slits
at sides ami backs; navy-blue velvet
Is used for the collar and cuffs. Two
black silk ribbons hang from tho collar
In center front.
Hat of stretched silk J rimmed w ith
a white feather.
Materials required: Seven yards
serge IS Inches' wide, nine yards braid,
one-hall' yard velvet, four yards lining.
A Gift for a Mm.
The question of a really attractive
gilt for a man Is solved to some ex
tent by a novel! v in tie- wav of a pen
knife.
The new Idea is a silver knife of
finest quality, with nn emblem worked
on' lu colored French enamels in-
seiled ill the Cloo.
T!' insignia of hi.i (ollcgi! soclel'j
or Ills ( lest Is Utttaelively wrought In
(oior, making tin- little keepsake sonic
' thin,; i ilte out of the usual rm.
rz nn T 77 Jl
r
1
v-i
SOUTH-AMERICA l!l WIRE TWCfMTt WE MID
o
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urwnni tcnmri or a cahf yapp .m i i ink rnr WCRDS "BUREAU OF
fMER!CAN REPU5LICS"S TRMMITTLD(W") AM rWSAflfMKPS
AS RCIVD (&uow)
No invention of modern times has
awakened such world-wide and merit
ed interest as the electric telegraph,
ind Its subsequent application to the
submarine cable has done more to
bring the civilized countries in ciuser
relation thany any other medium.
Since (he laying of the first cable
the system has rapidly extended until
now practically all lands and conti
nents are joined together. In 18S0 (here
were about 51,1)00 miles of rubles in
operation in various parts of the
world. To-day there are over 2.10,(100
nautical miles of cable laid and wink
ing. Practically all the Important
South American business centers are
telegraphically connected, nnd numer
ous additional extensions are being
contemplated,
Tho east coast of South America is
reached at I'ernambuco by the Fast
em Company's cables as far us Azores
tons. The cable's weight In salt wa
ter was I.oOj pounds per nautical mile
When the trouble with the cable
was discovered tests from Valparaiso
and Iquique placed the break about L!
miles from the latter place. On Au
gust 16, 1!K), the repair ship Faraday
left Iquique for the position of tho
break and commenced grappling in
:1I2 fathoms, with 500 fathoms of rope
out. The (able was hove up, cut, and
tested to Iquique. The end was buoyed
and tho ship grappling farther out
picked up the cable, which came in
badly twisted and with increasing
strain. A large whale was brought to
the surface completely entangled in
the cable. The ship made soundings
in Hie vicinity, which showed a depth
of IK fathoms (2.410 feet, nearly one
hair mile).
The logical conclusion Is that It be
came entangled (luring the laying of
UN 1 TD '"
STATES ft . .
i.lav L v r MkZZCI I J
v I Vxi y MUirruA s
ev?f 5!'
Ec f
" BRAZIL J
VTf . BOLIVIA J I
lilt , ""
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si y
Cable Lines cf the South American Republics.
or Lisbon, and from thence by the
Western Company via St. Vincent.
The French government has laid a ca
ble to Senegal, which Is met there by
the lines of the South American Cable
Company. A (iennaii company (subsi
dized by government), also has a route
to Hra.il via Teneriffe.
The cnble of the Central and South
American Telegraph Company was
opened for traffic, in August. l!t()7, and
lias been the means of bringing Latin
American countiies in direct commu
nication with the United Stales. This
cable extends from New York via
Cuantanatuo to Colon and connects
with a lino across the Isthmus of Pan
ama nnd thence to the South American
Const System. No part of the cable
touches on foreign territory, and the
United States government is particu
larly Interested in Its operation, us
tho landing ends can be secured lu
-jjll emergency, precedence liven, If
necessary, to government business
business and in ease of war the cable
absolutely controlled.
The Valpnralso-lqulque cable was
laid on January 2T, Iftot;. o .V t j ix n w 1
II, l!Hli. service between Iqulquo ami
Valparaiso, Chile, was suspended, and
uH)u Investigation It was discovered
(hat a whale had become cntaiiiioil
i In the cable. The April. lOnii. liulle.
(In of the New York Zoological soclec
stated that the cable in which the
whale was entangled weighed in nlr,
hlle wet, LTlii pounds per nautical
mile, and had a breaking strain of (J OG
the cable, eight months before, when
there was considerable length of It ir,
suspension. The twisted condition ot
the stiff and heavy cable about the ani
mal shows that the energy expended
In the vain effort to free Itself must
have been enormous.
UI'SSKU, HASTINGS MIU.WAKP.
Burning Sugar In Sick Rooms
The burning of sugar in the i
room has long been practiced, thougl
many of our physicians smile when
Is done, regaiiess of scientific
which have proved its efficacy.
The tests made by Prof. Trilliert
the Pasteur institute in Paris
that burning sugar develops
acetylene hydrogen, a most, powerfu
antiseptic gas. Five grains of
were burned under a glass bell
iug ten quarts.
When the vapor had cooled
of typhus, tuberculosis. choWu,
pox. etc.. were placed in open
tuiies. and within half an hour
microbes wore dead. Is It a
that our grandmothers found
plication of sugar smoke to cuts
wounds a marvelous curative a
sick
II
tests
01
prove
forniii
verfu'
sugai
hold
bacilli
small
glass
all the
wondei
the an
and
enl?
One Objection.
"Ho you think the first of May would
be u good day for tho Inauguration ceremonies'.'"
i ertalnlv not, H would give
those Idiotic parodists a chance
ring the changes on the dismal
and cali tue early,' theme." ciev
l'lani Peuler.
all
to
Wuko
'nnd