OUR FLAG.
At thn n-c-ctit Kinking of Uia war ah I pa at Apia
the cnptitiri of one of Own oroVrwl th flnjf uo
rurl-.l Tim men ;n tmurl another of the doomed
rrMM Im ri--t.-l it w illi a c!ht. which wan r
xnl-fl to writ It Oii-ir liua brcutli by the loyal
aituiu ami bin incii J
Arrosn the x-n-lil,low nky of oprln
Tim Btortn dark iloinU aro l.)init) :
illi willi-n voice Ilia orraU-nt rin,
Tho tliiiintiT loudly Ooomiir'
Tli IiikIiHiiI war nlil;n rllc npace,
t'ju-li at lit-r anchor HI raining;
I'.l.n U, bl.w U ix nil of lu'iivi'ii't fuo;
It lihti-ns twist tliu rnitii.ij;
l.l!;i! Turnpv riiw l:iwt tli inl'.l dlge
Tlio lil.l.lin riW -mvn-nlhiiijc,
I'ut oriml ui lu ll tlio ) I 'lt,'0
Ib-ut-alli Uiom; al-i ik-ctliin;;
On, on iln-y tt mo, tli poor Ucnili tilings.
Tin mirni w imU I'crorly lrllii;
At lit-r dri-ii.l woik fiu-li breaker hin',
I'or c)iij;est m.n.JIy Klrlviu
If w iijii- l die"- the Icatli-r' voice
uUtte!l' l!.e roar of thunder
"!l i.4 our ow n mi' I Mtlcmii choice
To !i our dear l!-tj under
"Tor us today the li-ttta fit -Id
l vln-r Hi: tu-as lire Ij il).
W.'cliiiiu a rl;lit wi-ennnnt yield.
To k'oi') In our dyiii- "
II" l-ensed. II mil liie topmost IllUst
Tlio Stirs and Kti ijuv-i were, ll-jatiug.
Tin" M;;lit is hUca truniH't l.l r.t,
A n. I otiu r hln;r uiek noting,
L'p lo the Kky there Fotiid.t n clieer
That starts t he ee!ies tj in
Park Out uiiN'.ver. loud and clear.
I' i o:n -aliu'it liearlt. llu.iih ilyi:i;i
A moiierit 'm s.:iee, II. e waves iu briuu
I: i;:li.e the I jw y in
Aud I'loci (he bre.iUer.-i comics no sl.u
Of iiv:::orot l j in;;
O I!. is. dear lla. onco moro thy namo.
Asuhvays iti l!iy story,
lias set a tlinusniid li-urt.t nftamu
lor llie-.j ami for thy t"!orv
Auuie. Ih-ousoii Kin;; in ll.ircrs Ca::ar.
IiOYKU'S STRATAGEM.
Prior to 1S.T7 a largo tract of lake ter
ritory lying between tho Uppor Dos
.Moines ami the llig Sioux rivers was in
fo.tod ly one of tho most villainous
hands of Indian outlaws which the In
dian policy of the government had ever
railed into heing It was the band of
eleven, led by Inkpaduta Scarlet Point
win) in tho winter of 5? massacred a
half hundred settlers in their scattered
cabins altotit Okoboji. Spirit and Pelican
lakes, and carried a number of women
into a captivity far worse than death.
These Indians, disaffected Wapckuta
Sioux, had lecn outlawed from their
own tribe for tho murder of their chief,
Tosagi. They wero tho pest and terror
of set tiers in middle and western Iowa
from tho time that scattering colonies
tirt-t came i;i until their depredations
and atrM iti -s culminated in tho Spirit
Iike massacre. On that occasion whole
settlements were annihilated, their in
habitants being generally taken by sur
prise and killed inside their snowbound
cabins
Previous to thi3 massacre, which re
sulted in the capture and puni.-hmont of
a part of them and the -disbanding of
the rest, the:;o Indians subsisted by beg
ging and plundering among the frontier
settlements, by hunting arid tishing about
tho northern lakes, and by a port of black
mail upon tho Wapekutas, whoso village
was in the pipe stone region.
Tho village of Inkpauuta was on tho
tipper Des Moines, near tho Minnesota
line. It was more than a hundred miles
fi.mi any settlement, until the ill fated
r. mat tors of tho Spirit lake tragedy set
tled about tho lakes. There wero no
troops stationed within a week's march,
tiiid tho frontier settlements were too
weak ;nd scattered to offer organized
resistance1.
Occasionally bold trappers, in spito of
numerous warnings of tho danger, es
tablished and maintained their trapping
grounds within the hunting circuit of
Iiikpadwta's band. Among them was
Jake I'oyer, a fearless frontiersman,
who wont among Indians regardless of
danger one of the sort of adventurers
whom, strangely enough, the savages
bi Idom molested.
Jake knew Inkpaduta and his follow
ers. I! j visited their village every fall
n:ul s; ri::g to trade ammunition or
trinkets for furs.
On one of these excursions ho carried
a doubio barreled riile which ho had
bought in DubiKjue. It was a fine wea
pon of (Jordan, pattern, silver mounted,
i;nd had cost liim a hundred dollars.
Tho Indians wero much taken with this
gu". coo of thcni. Feto Atanka (Big
Face), wanted to swap a po"' lor it.
Hover told him that nothing less than
twenty-five primo mink skins would get
the gun. tijnt when he could produce so
many whole skin:?, smooth and white in
side, ho would swap. These terms of
trade wero made known by signs and by
the tiric of such simple English words as
iho Indiana j'nderstood.
A few .months later, in autumn, Boyer
ivas visited at his cabin on the Ocheyedan
by cvt-ral of Inkpaduta's band, among
them Ilusaa (One Log), Makpi Opetu
(Tire Cloud, o sen of the chief) and Big
Face. Hover found them squatted in
front cf his dugout upon the side of a
lituff as he caie in from a morning
round of his traps. They rose as he ap
proached with his rifle across his shoul
der After a friendly round of "IIow
Jlows!'" Big Face drew from his blanket
n bundle of blacif looking skins. -Huh!"
Baid he. "Me bliug um wink, you give
uia up Kun
Jake Kiv,- at onco that tho mink were
warm weather skins, and worthless. No
JouU they were the ieltsof all the minks
taken or "shot by the members of tho
ban! during tho Gummer and early fall
months. :;'.id had been intrusted to Big
fut-e in order that so fine a rifle might
belong U one of the land
The trajtr drew back and 6hook his
lioad in refusal to rweive tl? skins He
wasaU.ut toespkain what they perectly
Lnew to be true, that the pelts wero of
no account, when, with a sudden spring.
Bi T Face was uion him. The others in
Btantlv sprang forward also, and Boyer's
rifle wan wrenched from him When he
wa-4 forced to let go his gun he dodged
quicklv into a thicket of bushes which
grew up to the door of his habitation.
The Indians tired several shots after
him but he was not harmed He reached
THE DAILY
hi canoo. in which ho kept a 8uirrel
rifle for shooting muxkrat and other
mitall game, tccured the weapon and
made Ids ecaje through tho tall grass
of tho Itottom. whither the Indians did
not pursue him.
He made lib way to a settlement sixty
miles distant, and tried to raise a party
to go and bunt Inkpaduta's band, and
drivo them out of tho region; but he
could not find half a dozen men within
a circuit of thirty miles who had in
terest enough in his cause to make it
their own But he found one adven
turous fellow, who went back with him
to his trapping grounds on tho Ochey
edan Ujkjii reaching tho dugout, they
found, to their surprise, that its con
tents had not been disturbed. Lying
inside the door was tho identical pack
of worthless mink skins which Big Face
had brought to trade for the rillc. The
traps were also all in their places.
Lvidently the Indians had been some
what alarmed after Jake's escape, and
wished to leave the impression that they
hail been dealing in good faith, and had
kept to the letter the bargain which had
been made for the gun.
This fact gave Boyer confidence, and
ho boldly set alout his trapping again,
determined to watch his opjKrtunity.
outwit the Indians, and recover his val
uable ritlo. During the next month hc
busied his brain every daj- with schemes,
and finally hit upon a plan which he de
termined to carry out at once.
Leaving his companion in charge ol
tho dugout and the trapping, ho set out
for Fort Dodge with two small ponies
packed with the fall catch. At the Fort,
which v. as mere ly a frontier trading
station, he sold his furs, procured am
munition, blankets and some trinkets to
trade upon, and set out for Inkpaduta's
village, as be had been in tho habit of
doing at that season of the year.
In spite of all that had happened he
expected to make the savages believe
that he was still friendly to them, and
could not afford to lose their fur trade
for such ti illes as the loss of his rifle and
the attempt on his life. Ho did not be
lievo they would dare injure him again,
for they would surely know that he had
spread the storj- of their attack upon
him ut the settlements, and his going to
them directly from the Fort would nat
urally make them cautious how they of
fended him. After getting among them
he hoped to recover his much prized rifle
by a stratagem.
Ho found only a few old squaws and
children at tlio Des Moines village, but
was informed that the bucks were
cam icd at Ixist Island lake, whore they
had goifo to hunt for elk.
It was buta half day's ride to the place,
and he discovered the tepees of the band
as he approached the lake shore at sun
set. The most of the Indians had got in
from tho day's hunt, and as he rode up
wc re lying about the fires waiting for the
women to boil some meat for their even
ing meal.
They got up and gave some grunts of
surprise as he approached, but immedi
ately broke into most cordial "Uo--v-IIow's!"
and grinned in a way that be
trayed their pleasure that he should
come among them in so friendly a fash
ion, lie had always dealt more fairly
with them than trailers were in the
habit of doing.
Big Face, One Leg and Inkpaduta
were among tho.-;e vho greeted him. He
shook hands with all, telling them he
had come to "swap" again, and acted as
though nothing had happened. They
were immensely pleased, and one of the
young bucks assisted him in unpacking
and then picketed his ponies with their
own.
That evening and the next morning
were spent in trade; and for a half dozen
red blankets, some ammunition and
beads, Jake camo into possession of all
the beaver, mink and muskrat skins the
Indians had.
After tho swap had been completed to
tho satisfaction of all parties, Jako pro
posed to Inkpaduta that ho and a picked
number of his men should rido over to
histepeoon theOeheycdan a little more
than a half day's rido and hunt elk at
tho head waters of Stony creek, where
ho knew that a big herd of them were
feeding.
lie had no winter's meat laid in, he
told tho chief, and since he had traded
his large j.;u:j to Big Face he had no rifle
that carried a ball largo enough to kill
an tlk. If ho would go over with his
men and kill him Jake two big elk, he
would give tho chief the smallest pony
ho had brought with him,
Inkadv:ta was taken with the offer,
and evidently took all the trapper had
said in sincerity. lie consulted his bucks
and found them all eager to go, as the
white man had described tho herd as a
big one.
The camp was hastily struck and the
whole party set out for Jake's headquar
ters, where they arrived that evening
and camped for the night. Jake had
told Inkpaduta of his partner who, he
said, had no gun, but an old musket that
would only 6hoot small shot.
That night, when they were alone in
tho dugout, Jako instructed Williams,
his partner, that as soon as the party
should havo got out of 6ight he was to
pack what furs he could on the pony left
him. cache the rest with the traps, and
make haste for tho nearest settlement on
tlio Little Sioux.
Next day, at noon, the hunters were
camped near the source of the Stony,
and scouts were sent out to look for the
elk herd, which was sighted beforo night.
A plan of the hunt was determined on
beforo they slept, aud as Jake was con
sulted, ho so managed that he was to lie
of tho parly. They were to go in three
squads inclosing the band in a triangle,
in which rode Big Face with Inkpaduta
and one of the chiefs sons, Iioaring
Cloud, or Makpeahotoman.
Big Face had made .no attempt to
conceal the rifle, which was still in his
possession; - in fact', he had carried it
with a good deal of flourish mid dis
play, evidently proud of owning such a
piece of proprrty.
Before daylight tho next morning the
hunting parties, wero mounted, and cir
cling the region where the elk had been
seen. There was a keen wind blowing
from the northwest, and as the elk were
IlERALDJt PLATTSMOUTir, NJEBKASKA, WEDNfiSDAYr J UNE 12, 1880.
in that direction tho herd was sur
rounded without difliculty. Two par
ties converged, ono from tho north, an
other from tho west, and the third, in
which was Jake, moved slowly forward
from the southeast.
It was plain that tho herd should be
driven toward this laft party, who were
to rush in upon their front and turn
them iiltout. This would bring tho whole
hunting party tqion them.
In one resiiect the plan was perfect.
At alout sunrise tho big drove was seen
by Inkpaduta's party, and Boyer ob
served, with no little satisfaction, that
thcelk were coming directly toward him.
They came right on without seeming
to see tho hunters, who had spread a lit
tle and lay close along the backs of their
ponies.
There were more than two hundred
elk, and Boyer said it was a splendid
f-ight to see them come on, tho bulls in
the- lead, "an acre of branchin horns,"
as he expressed it, "movin' down swift
like the front of tho wind in a blizzard."
When the foremost elk were within
gunshot the Indians straightened up.
and with loud yells dashed their txtnics
at the face of the herd. But instead of
turning the whole bunch spread out like
a fan and went by like a shot, scattering
continually as they sped oil
Tho Indians whirled their ponies and
gave chase, having fired several ineffec
tive shots, and as each selected his game
the maneuvers drew them rapidly apart.
This was precisely what Boyer had
hoped for, and he followed Big Face,
keeping him all the time in view. The
Indian soon overtook a fat cow elk,
whose calf got in her way and impeded
her progress. Big Face rodo alongside,
shoved the muzzle of his gun almost
against the cow's side, and killed her in
stantly. lie had fired one barrel before, and
with a whoop he now circled his pony
about, sprang to the ground and stood
over the dead elk. evidently satisfied
with his morning's work.
This was not what Boyer wantesf at
all. for there wero still other Indians in
si-ht. In fact, nearly the whole party
was by this time racing along in pursuit
of the herd.
But, knowing that ho had not a mo
ment to spans if ho would allay suspicion
and catch Big Face with unloaded gun,
he drew up alongside. Quickly dismount
ing, ho stepped in front of the Indian and
covered him with tho light rillc, which
he had not unloaded
"Give me my gun or I'll shoot," said
tho trapper, sharply.
Big Face saw that he was tricked, and
that Boyer had the best of him. Like
all of his kind he was a coward at heart,
and with a sickly grin of fear he laid the
ill gotten rifle against tho elk's body and
stepped back.
'Now, let go that pony and walk off!"
commanded Jake, with a meaning ges
ture. The Indian obeyed, and hurried
away toward the retreating elk at a pace
the meaning of which Boyer knew well.
Jake's first move was hastily to load
his recovered rifle with heavy charges,
having kept balls in his pocbets that
would fit the bore. Then fastening his
small rifle to the saddle of the pony he
had ridden, and tying that animal to the
lariat dragging at tho neck of Big Face's
pony, he mounted tho Indian's horse,
turned and rode northeast toward the
Minnesota settlements which wero then
the nearest white habitations. -
Just sis ho started he looked back over
his shoulder and saw Big Face making
frantic gestures from the top of a knoll
aliout a hundred rods away. But the
whole party, elk and all, had passed out
of sight into the valley of the Stony, and
the last that Jake ever saw of the band,
as he spurred his pony in the opposite di
rection, wa3 the outwitted Big Face wav
ing his arms.
It was a daring stratagem which had
secured hi;n his rifle and a "pony for
damage," and one which a man less
hardy and keen witted would never have
planned, and certainly could not have
succeeded in carrying cut.
Inkpaduta and his men evidently gave
tho big elk herd a long chase, without
any notion of what had happened in their
rear. If any of them had seen Big Face and
Boyer near the dead elk they must have
thought the white man had stopped only
to take charge of his game. At any rate
they did not overtake Jake, who pushed
rapidly on to Lake Shetek, where at a
settlement ho was safe from Indian as
sault. Later, he joined Williams at Fort
Dodge, having passed through Inkpa
duta's country in the night. After that
he trapped west of the Big Sioux, as he
considered tho lake region "unhealthy"
for him. Frank Welles Calkins in The
Youth's Companion.
Sir Edwin Arnold.
Any one who expects to sec in Sir Ed
win Arnold a man who suggests the wild
romance of his poetry will be disap
pointed. He is quite small, with a very
thin face, tho most striking feature of
which is a long nose, which gives
him a somewhat Jewish cast of counte
nance. His beard is iron gray and thin,
and he brushes it out from his chin. My
impression is that he is bald, but I cannot
speak with certainty on this point, for he
wore a skull cap all the evening Sir
Edwin is an amiable gentleman and a
clever journalist as well as a poet. It
was, however, his poetry that made him
famous. Mr. Andrew Carnegie, by the
way, owns the original manuscript of the
"Light cf Asia." which was presented to
him by Sir Edwin a short time after the
book was published. Boston Transcript.
Clews to Crime Tliroush Conversation.
"To my mind there is no field for the
silent, mysterious detective who never
says anything to anyliody except the
story book writers." remarked a man
who is old and experienced in police
work. "I have made lots of cases, and
every one of them 1 made by talking.
You can't feet people to tell you anything
without talking to them. Wherever I
go 1 always try to get into conversation
with people, especially with children.
Children are very close observers; they
always remember what they see, and as
a rule tell it accurately." Wasliington
L'ritic
TKXD1XG THE BABY.
HOW THE,. ROSES PALE AND DIE
UPON THE MOTHER'S CHEEK.
Tlio Jolly r'uu John Had I'laylns and
Uo toping with III Heir belting un In
lKht Into the Dally Worries Thut Kail
to 31 any Women Here's R I.eoii.
I low tho mother's arms and back ache
after caring for this pink and white tyr
anny, so helpless and yet so exacting.
Our homes aro not all provided with
cook, nursemaid and housemaid. Not
to disguise the fact, a majority of the
little ones aro nurtured by the mother
who combines all these offices in herown
tat ient torson. If tho domestic machin
ery runs smoothly, in many homes, it i3
because tho house mother is tho pivot
upon which swing so many activities.
It is of those homes without wealth, yet
with refinement, that I write, where
sums in addition and subtraction, mostly
subtraction, must lo dono every week.
It is here the babies gather. The storks
seem to be fond of these humble homes,
for they never forget them. The hero
isms of life aro largely by tho firesides.
The angels of tho children see and tell
the Father on high. These mothers who
havo so much to do and bear, with a
narrow income at their disjtosal, need
our sympathy.
JOHN'S DAY OF SOLID FUN.
I believe the ma jority of men think
tho care of a !.:;!-y : i MM's ; !.iy 'i '..i-j
como homo lrom shop and oliice and see
tho rosebud fresh, in its dainty white,
and think what an easy time Kate has,
with such a cherub to play with. It
surely cannot be work to toss and rock
and sing to this litllo man, with shining
eyes. And yet tho houso mother looks
tired. The tears aro almost at the e3'es,
tho mouth trembles, and John, stupidly
kind, wonders what it is all about.
But his eyes are opened at last. Ho
has the influenza and must stay at home
from the ofiicc. What jolly fun it will
bo to play with that son and heir. Kate
shall go to lu r cousin's for the day. Ix?o
can seo to tho kitchen. And so tho good
wife departs, with many cautions and
warnings to John, as to colic, food and
naps, tho baby ineanwhilo crowing lus
tily as the mother gives it a good -by
caress. John wonders why Kate grows
old so fast, she is really fading. Poor
woman, she has not been out on a jaunt
like this for months.
Tho baby for tho first half hour is an
angel. What fun it is to dandle him
about. Now ho drops off in a nap and
John will read tho paper. But just as
he is deep in tho leading article, oblivi
ous to babies, there is a moan, then a
cry and John comes to his senses. How
ho cries, how red in tho face ho gets!
What does possess tho child? Ho takes
him on his knee, bo rocks him, lie tum
bles him, and now at last ho walks with
him, but still he cries, his little lips look
ing eo grieved. Leo comes in and in
quires about dinner. Mistress always
sees to that. By this time John is in a
profuse perspiration. Tho "sweat" the
doctor ordered is his, in tho order of na
ture. He is finally summoned to a
"picked up" dinner. What a contrast it
is to the inviting board of Kate. I low
does she get time to attend to it? he asks
himself. But how that baby cries! In
fact ho yells lustily at last. Leo puts her
head into the door to inquire if he has
had his milk. Zoundsl John had for
gotten it entirely. Kate had charged
him to warm it at 1 1. The baby was
hungry; the poor little fellow was suffer
ing from any empty stomach, lie got
his milk and now is asleep, with a little
shadow on his bright face.
"KATE HAS TUIS EVERY DAY."
John's conscience troubles him. He
ii alwaj s cross when ho is hungry. No
wonder the little colt cried. Now he
takes up that article again, feeling a lit
tle tuisused with his dinner of "scraps."
He has forgotten all about the blessed
heir when he hears a little moan. The
dinner came too late, and a forenoon of
crying, with no nourishment, will have
its effect. And now tho cherub cries.
Mercy, what a voice! Ho has the colic.
He twists and wriggles and rolls John
gives him catnip tea, and he is easy for a
minute, -then ho begins again, and Sinally
he takes him up and marches up and
down the house, singing at tho top of his
voice, "My heavenly homo is bright anj
fatr." His back aches, man as he is; his
arms are tired and his head buzzes like a
machine. What does possess the child!
He certainly will cry himself to death.
After an hour and a half of this play the
baby drops into an exhausted sleep, and
John lays him down. Ho does not read
the paper as he sits down. He has it
wrong 6ide up, but he says to himself.
"Kate has this every day," and then he
does a good deal of thinking. He is a
sensible man. lie has found out how
much 'lay there is in minding a baby
When Kate comes home rested and
looking younger than 6he has for years,
with news and chat of her visit, a very
humble man receives her. There is pity
and admiration mingled hi his glance.
Tho baby receives his attention every
day after this; at odd moments, when at
home, he takes him and becomes quite
expert in tending his son-and heir
Such is tho mother's experience with
her baby. Let us not allow, because of
her great love to her child, the roses to
pale and die upon her cheek. "A Coun
try Parson" in Oood Housekeeping.
As to Hand Shaking.
Georgo Bancroft is said to be particu
lar to remove his gloves before shaking
hands. The point is a good ono. Just
introduce the fashion of ungloving be
fore shaking, and shaking will soon suit
side. If there be one pre-eminently dis
agreeable and distressing fashion in
America, it i3 our universal and eternal
hand shakii.g. It3 origin, we believe,
runs back to our 6avage ancestors, who
clasped hands in sign of peace instead of
war. Is there any reason for swearing a
treaty of teace with every Tom. Dick
and Harry of your acquaintance whom
you chance to meet in the street? The
' custom is a terrible fag on health. St.
I Louis Globv-Avmocrat.
ALL ABOUT BUTTONS.
INTERESTING FACTS CONCERNING A
VERY USEFUL ARTICLE.
Tlio ;i-t-t'k uikI Kiiiiuii Itiil Not IIhvu
Thrill Wo Aril I mU-lt'l to tlio I'rcntli
for Their Invrut Ion I" Iho Dliloi Time
When the Imh-s Wore I:i.lrrt.
Tlio word button (Kivneh bouton, from
bout, mi end or extremity, ami buuter, to
push or platv), is less correctly npplicd lo an
uppi'tidago of dref than to a tiny projection
or collet intended to bo pres.-4od by tlio thumb
or fm-cr for u secili: purpoM of which tiio
aptest illustration is fin ni.-hed by the ter
minal button of an electric. Ix 1L Tlio it I a of
utilizing tho boutoii for hunting imj thing
Ihcivl.y. or f;i:.leiiin;; anything thereto, is of
coniparnlivcly ioxU-i n l;ite, ia short, neither
tlio term nor tho article was known to tho
.incieiits. The dress of tlio (J recks mid H"
mans neeihtl not tho presonco of bnttmi-i,
ample substitute for which wero found in
tin clasp. As evidence of this fa t, it inuy
boritcil that among ull tho paintings and
mosuics discovere.l in tho ruins of l'oiup-ii,
mt single iliust rat io.u of the button haf over
Ikhii brought to light. Nor did tho simple
costume of tho Anglo-Saxons require those
accessories, which nowadays wo could id
u'lord to disiH'iisc u ith.
"ULTTOXS ALL OVER 'KM."
Previous to tlio Norman conquest, then,
buttons in this country wero altogether un
known, so that hero wo havo n distinct proof
of our historical indebtedness to tho French
for all innovations of f.iohion in tho matter
of cost ui n. Tli Hpl:of NoriirMvIv mu-.t
! i. . v ! i !'-.:.: : : ... e o.
mind, or they would never havo conceived
the utility of buttons in relation to dress.
Nothing in nature could havo suggested tlio
button, unless, perhaps, it was that species of
flower known as tho 'bachelor's button ;" but
this is scarcely probable. Hither let us t.ay
tho suggestion oaf no from t lie uln-udy fumiliur
wooileu knob or ex; ivmity known ns the bout
or boil ion of their early furniture. Wo know
ourselves how convenient it is to hai:g any
article of dress upon u door or drawer ha tulle,
or oven on the collet of a bedpost, so there
exists no doubt that in this way it w.-s how
the Normans hit upon ihuideaof temj rarily
attaching ono garment to another, until iu
course of time they di.-peuscd with the an
cient cln:;p altogether.
Onco introduced, buttons toon camo to lie
generally adopted by all classes, though no
actual reference to them is to bo traced i:i
our literature prior to tho early part of th-
Fourteenth century. Tho reigu of Ldward I,
which ushered in tight fitting garments, mid
particularly sleeves, afforded scope for an
ubundaut display of buttons from the wrist
to the elbow, of both se.';o-.;, set as thickly as
possible, as may be seen in illuminations an I
upon elligies of this jioriod. The writer of
"Tho Romance of Sir Degrevant,'' for ex
'unipie, in describing the eo:,tumo of an carl'n
laughter, observes: "To tell her buteuues
n:istooro," i. e., bard to count her Lotions
would bo di flic u It. Even the servants cf tho
time bccaina infected with tho crazy. The
habit of aping their masters in this particu
lar is thus satirised by nil old author:
Now tho hors-'B clr.v.e::!, clothed ia priil.
They busk theai iu buttons as it were a Lrido.
iJurhig the reign of Edward III tho but
tons wero set closa upon ono another down
tho front of tho coal ha rdio (co.it or tunic)
of males and tho gown of females. In tho
next century, however, the3' su'lcred a con
siderable decline, iu consequence of tho in
troduction of laces and points; but, by the
Sixteenth century, they recovered their as
cendency to such a degree that uot only did
they appear hi greater profusion and variety
than before, but tho material of which they
were compOoed included gold, tilver and even
diamonds.
MAincs of nisTixcTioj;.
In tho twelfth year of Charles II buttons
ijonafitutcd tlio chief imports of tho country,
jtid wore subjected to a heavy duty. Soon
after this reigu, however, gold and silver
buttons degenerated into those of paste,
which at the same time rivaled the brilliancy
of the most precious gems, while steel buttons
of abnormal siae, highly polislud, became the
distinctive marl: of tho dandies who frequent
ed the liall and Birdcage walls of St. James'
p.trk i'l tho days gouo by. In proof of this, a
popular caricature of tiio year 1777 has for
its subject ono of t'aire e.Temiuato individuals
tiazling a ldy by tlu brightness of Lis steei
buttons
It is-, perhaps, well for us that tho prosaic
age ia which y.e live affords littlo encourage
ment for eccentricity in regard to the wear
lug of button;;, whether in points of size or
number. And yet tho button rage of tho
mi-itUo ages certainly found a revival between
the years lie! and lSSl, during which period
tlio Birmingham button manufacturers must
Lave made their fortunes. Then it was that
tho buttons on a lady's costume resembled the
stars iu tho heavens, for thcro existed uo pos
sibility cf counting them. There were but
tons t.il tiio back iu:d buttoiisdown the front;
buttons over the shoulders and bullous u!i
the way down and across tha skirts; buttons
on tho pockets and buttons every where; there
wero even buttons round the hut.
In China tho highest grudo of literary
distinction is marked by a fol-1 button t.f
Gscd en the cap of the individual. Tho dif
ferent grades of mandarins a:-o likewise da
noted by tha color of the buttons which they
aro privileged to wear. fJo, also, in Europe a
button on the front of the cap formerly r.-p-rcsc-nted
a mark of civil honor. Thus Shake
speare makes Ouildetisterii i:i "Ilauilct" say:
On fortune's cap we are uot tlio very tiuttoi.;
cleaning not the moit highly favored. Again,
George Cascoigue, m Lis "Woodmanship,"
make-; a similar allusion to the courtly favor
cf 020 pf Lis gallants:
nis bonnet buttone 1 with gold,
Ilia ccuiilc cape begardeu all with psy,
ILia bombast Lose wita liuings manifold.
London Queen.
The Cieatciit Smuk-rg.
According to population, Americans coa
aiw nearly tv. ico tLs amount of tobacco
that is cous-.i-ncl by Europeans. Thli comes
cf tlie great smoking of tobacco in tho fcrm
of cigars. In ci.'jar smoking thero is o::!y a
partial eorr.biioliim of t'no tobacco. Tl.y to
bacco ia a eipur would loail un ordinary pipe
four or five times. Thcro Lj another thing to
consider. Cigar sr.iokisg is very exjcc;ive
compared v.-itli indulgence ia the pipo. Tke
habitual t-moker v. h j Lays thochca;cit ciara
could for ih.i same ihoiiey provide himself
v. ith the best and costliest pipe smoking to
bacco. Cincinuali Commercial Ca-.tt;.;,
Stricf'y nUsi:ic.
A train ia Arizona was board -.'d by robbers,
who went through tho luckless passengers.
Oue of theui happened to boa Hebrew "drum
mer" from New York, who, when Lis turn
i came, with fear aud reluctance fished out
SjOO. Ho rapidly took ft from tho piloand
: -placed it in his vest pocket. "What do you
mean by thatf asked thogentlo robber, as
he toyed with Lis revolver. Hurriedly came
tho answer: "2Iino frc-ut, you surely would
not refuse a 2 per zc-nt. discount on a
strictly cash transaction like disf He got
tho dii. ount. San Fraucisco Argonaut,
K. B. VVIM.IIAM, ' JOHN A. JMVIKfl,
:.otaiy Public. Jvotaiy I'ubllc
VilIMIAU iaii:m,
Attornoyc - at - Law.
union over U.mk of a County.
VIATl'SM.UJ'lll, - MllltArKA
C. F. SM ITH,
The Boss Tailor
Main St., Over Moryi s' Slioe Hloie.
Has the best and most complt tc block
of samples, both fon icn and domestic
woolens that ever entne west of Missouri
river. Note these piiro: Fiisim u Miit
from $i: to f. d:ss suit-, f to I'i,
punts :f I, .-jr., .i;.: u and upwards.'
Cs-Will guarantee u fit.
Prices Defy Coinofitilion.
H. C. SCHMIDT,
(Cof.VIV M l:l.oii,)
Civil Kngiztccr
Surveyor ant! Draftsman
Plans, Specification.-; mid lotion, 1. s, JIu-
iiicipal Voik, .Maps i:c.
PL ATT 5 fat OUT I!. . . HEO
V.'aon .nil lliiu !.Mi.i:'i shop.
MacIiiiK'iis-il Vlow
1 '' f a
A S;,. cialiy. J U; i.si-s the
f 'O" 1 5" " - T;
t-fT- V Ji w 1Ir j'
lb :,(. shoe, tho j;,f,t Ilor.-c -lion lor (ho
runner, or tor I'a-t I'.'vln;; ;.:(( City
plil j. -is: s, ( Vcr il.V lib .1. It is II, ;:(!( Hit
i nyouc (:-,;; cm j ;-t on slieip or ibit corks
as l:.;dnl !',- v.vt a.'i-l : !i;o ;iy ro:cbi, or
smooth dry r-rsds. ai.d Kmoin!
t'lchc iihoes and yen will huvi; no other.
J. M- Schnoilbacher,
.rth St., Plaibsmouth, Nib.
vmmm mm
THE CLL3 RELIABLE.
H. ii. A'MMS li Ik
Vv iioleHj.It; rind !' -Jr.il Dealer in
Shingles, Lath, Sash,
Can supply every demand of the trado
Call and -jet term-:. l;;:; th street
Iu Rear of Op 'i'.i II nis ;.
Eolbert Donnelly's
Wagon and
Blacksmith
Ey CZ HiP n
v."aj:o;i.s, luujru's, ivt.-'i v.u, fiu'ck'y TV-paired ;
Plow Mia; i. '! unit Central
JohLii. It'.ae.
Horseshoeing A Specialty
I USE TIIK
u) -la j uLcJ tin m
Hu. shoe, whifii 7i.u ;--ii ;:s-r If wpars
aw.iy. so t :! is ncvr auv Mincer of your
llor sJis.itii.j; ainl Jn:r:ifi '.--t. ' all
ar.'I (-.;;!i i:i liii Moji-;:!!! you will
Have uo other. t;c.-t sSiuc iuutlu,
- ROBERT DONNELLY
SIXTH ST., - - I'L.VTT.S.MOUTII
O'. ,a ) T A A MONTH ' iu ltenovJe
0'f ' ' 5 'J' v. (.i .ui ; In- in. Aflitt
p.-cfrn-J who can liui i-l: !.j!"- ami rive
iheir h"i". tiiii' i't tiic liisiiic-".. hi-.iro mom
nt ni'ty v. jtrtilititMv fii:n'tycl sln. A U'tr
vacai.cii s in tvni ::inl s. !. K. .IOJIN
MtV &-(. 1im.! i- i!.-M .. l: c!'n......l. 'h.
X. Ti.I'lr.o. f- fhtttt rutil h'Vfmn tsff r
ttr.uve. Si v. r i '( oho'U y ut luj rf-jirp tor re
uri. J), f. J. ! Co.
i. THE2L5TVLTc LCAFHA IN-AMEPltt-
7 AIL
AS-SKiRK
--- fi.- yt a
' ! VTI .
2:
- t Tl ATI NiC L .
v Wrappers
,' UAfc 3IZC)
! ani Tect ive a 5
rA?i HANDSOMER
CorJcir.ir-. a
LUMBER
l I JSfPd
5 L K?f.
-tVT
i f--A ID