THEY ELOPED ON A RAFT. : LUMBERMAN FROM HER STEALS HIS BRIDE FATHER'S BOAT. A IIoii.hii'.o Idyl from tils Wild tit 111 I'eiiiixy I vitnla Rack wood Country An train I'atlirr Out tvlttnil Ilia (ioitiltin IVava Only K pit fill. A !iit:i'erm;in drrsv'd in woodsm;.. Htylir i ii" hurri.-dlv into the uriioa pot. on his arm was a j.r:-. y rjrl .?'. t fijht-Mn year a oil. U-t n.r I '-.-i'h and firy chfeka K"v" donf" f her excitement, which was Sf-eim !v inale mor? intense hy t!; .r rut i : u .linn" r oilov::i t:.'j;i w...;;...- Oi !lfl ti." ! mil re. : pr-.i. for 1 i lM-riiiari, mure nervous than II st.'Lntd to be on j.i. :.;.!, i his eyiM tnrneil tovar.l I;.. He is.iid iioliiin iiiil i 1 J. in on l.'ijir.l 1 he day e.xpi' .,s : : A r.w rniiiuti-s :.f? w.-'.rd i, in. willi aa air of Lai:-i a: -s, i.: - w.iy ih:- : .:' r..t crowd aal . i I 'ie vi ii !! -'n in. 1 ii:jiiii.acd conversation .:;;;!. v. ... i:.. I j.;st ...-.J r .in onfro The," .ill' a.; .; t::.- tr.ji fc.-, -....-. K.r.aiv a, a.'i'l rar a low i.ioii.ci u .'..it a fiht would take place. . lvice from a bystander saved them from the officers, however, and the two walked off together. Later in tin day the older man ap'teared at the depot arid bought a ticket to Brad's Bend, on the. Allegheny Valley railroad. He was approached by a reporter and readily -nsent-il to tell the story. His name was Andrew Myers. The girl who had been carried off by the uu- flyers Tiiey had eloped from h?r father- lumber raft. The du-iu;; ajt took pi ce near Brady's B-n 1, and w.-u. th" cr -wning act of a romance made t.T citing by a determined lover, an ira'... father at.d a faithful girl, whose respect for her father's wishes had hitherto pre vented a clandestine marriage. FATHER AND LOVER FIQnT. The t : io live on the Clarion river near Clariri''.n They are well known in the !;;,' r country. The younger man's name i I'rank Snyder. lie is prosier OU8 in t wools, and is considered a tjood lmaiaess man, but he is ro;:gh in his way. :,.d for t hut trwon was not con sidered hy .Myers tit to be his daughter's lover T.Iiss Myers thought differently, however, :iud for a year insisted on re- cei vili i . tht'lcss lo.tv. a:. Th r coj:.ii.v..-. attentions of .Snyder. Xever- refused to chi)e with her would o:;iy ,t::sver "wait." tig season ori the Clari-vi river I Both M-.ers and .Snv.-er had tiu:o r to run to market, and were constat. tl- thrown fn each other's way at th; riv r bank. When the rafts were nearly ready to bo started they acci dntly covmcncail talking about Miss Myers. Kindly expressions led to insin nations. and then a war of words, which was quickly followed by a blow from Myers. A moment more and both were rolling in the mud They were soon separated, but not until Snyder had made a vow to get the girl. Myers heard the words and became equally de termined that his enemy should never be his son-in-law. A few hours more and both were to start down the river. Myers was afraid to leave his daughter behind, and giving aa an excuse the statement that he want ed her to cook for the men, he brought her on the raft and gave ber quarters in the rough shanty which is frequently built on large flats. Snyder saw the ob ject of Myers' move, and when the lat ter pulled out with his raft Snyder quick ly followed with his own. PAPA COSIES TOO LATE. Both rafts arrived at Brady's Bend shortly after 6 o'clock Saturday night. Myers pulled in to tie up for the night, and when about to land Snyder's raft came up. He was acting as pilot him self, and, seeing Miss Meyers standing on the river edge of her father's raft, he ordered his men to pull iu such a way that his own raft ran close to that of Meyers. When at the nearest point he jumped from his oar, grabbed the young girl. and. as he leaped back, yelled at his men to pull into the current. It was a dnring act. but Snyder had been vic torious, and found no trouble in per suading Miss Myers to give her consent to their in :irriag when the opportunity ca.ue tie knew M3"ers would follow, however, an 1 to make sure their escape hti determined to run at night. They arrived at Sharpsburg next morning .Meantime Myers had come to Pittsburg, and was waiting at Herr's Island for Snyder and his game. But they didn't come. They guessed what he would and left him down the river v..... i.joy went to Union depot on a cable car Myers heard of this trick about ?:.lo and went to intercept it, but he was too late. The woodsman he met at Union depot explained the occurrence leading to ll:e flight, and told Mr. Myers that they w to -Cot in:.:-!- Mr My -r at 1 he ll-r.n Sn v. : wa- , v going to Camden, X. J., -d. was still angrv when seen ::otL-l. lie . viinbit; m e- mLV.-sed that ni for an' sen- . wi.-. chief gi --, i.uct; oeenied ! r.v,'hti'r should go on a ;. man whos- wedding .-virile civilization. Never laitted that Snyder had bet to ! t h.'f bri to;;: outtit w.Kii. tbeV-s lie ;ii ter clothe- at noun, and his last remark was that if ayder had made much money lately he would forgive him. Pittsburg Cor. Oil City Derrick. Youii.; Head auil Old. Daughter-- You r should have turned down the up.. r corners of your visiting cards, ma. when you called on the bride. That m:: .- congratulation. But you turned down the lower corners. That meaus eonuoU-.tce. Matron (willi dignity) You'd better wait till you are married before you crit icise your ma. New York Weekly. The Powers That lie. First Congressman What do think of Senator Saphead's bill? you Second Congressman I opposed it at first, but lately I have found so much popular opposition to it that I am in clined to think it must be good thing." 4004 News. THOMSON AND HIS RATS. ( VTf Col tig to Huvn Fun Seeing: Thra j Swim, UutThey haw Him Swim InoteiMt. I The question is frequently asked whence the name of Thomson pond, a sheet of water in western Maino extend ing through four towns and lying part- i ly in three counties. Tradition Kays it was named from the Qrst settler, Joe Thomson. During his sojourn he was seriouMly troubled by rats. II first pro vided himself with a stout leather bag of the capacity of four bushel. He then placed an empty hogshead in his log hovel, leaving the bunghole open, through which hedropjHd a kiumII quan tity of meat scraps and crumbs. Bag in hand he retired outside to watch proceedings, peeking through a small crevice between the logs. Pres ently he espied an old, gray veteran ap proaching the bunghole. He takes a p'ep, then sniffs, looks cautiously alxut and then enters. He soon emerges from the hogshead and quickly disappears. In a trice he returns, followed by drove .amounting to hundreds, which on by one disappear through the bunghole. "Now," chuckled Joe, "is my fun," as he skipped calmly through the door and adjusted the open mouth of the ba t the Mil. ill aperture, at the same time rap ping the hogshead with the toe of hi boot, whicn produced a loud, nngin.t sound. With loud squeals and fierce struggles the frightened rats began to scramble through the bunghole, all land ing in the bottom of the bag. His first thought was to drown them by sinking the bag in the pond, but be ing in a rather gamesome mood, as was often the case, he concluded to put the bag in Ins loat, and after rowing to good distance from the shore then release them, and with his ox goad have a good time knocking them in the head. Rowing out several rods from the shore and being in high glee at the thought of wreaking vengeance on the "varmints" which had given so much trouble, he without hesitation untied the bag, expecting to se the frightened crea tures at once leap into the water, but he quickly found himself mistaken. Instead of fleeing or even retreatin the rats charged ia a body, and with teeth and claws so severely lacerated his face, neck and hands as to cause him to leap from the boat and swim for the shore, leaving the craft in the possession of his one time victims. Lewiston Jour nal. A Spider's Rapid Work. When the common geometrical epider has made up its mind to spin a web, it commences operations by inclosing a cer tain area with the foundation lines. To these radiating lines are fixed, generally about thirty in number, and all joining in the center of the snare. When the radii are finished the spinner proceeds to weave the concentric lines, stretching them from one radiating thread to an other, and forming them of the silk thickly studded with viscous drops Starting from the center of the web, however, the first few concentric threads are without this peculiarity, the reason being that the spider likes to sometimes sit in the middle of its web, and natural ly does not care to bo incommoded with the sticky matter which it prepares for the special benefit of its prey. When the snare is finished, a task which often does not occupy more than forty minutes in spite of the complicated nature of the work, the spider weaves a cell in some secluded spot close at hand. connecting it with the center of the web by means of a special thread. This, by its trembling, gives intimation of the capture of any insect in the web, and also forms a pathway by which the snugly ensconced spider is enabled to proceed on an investigating expedition. Cornhill Magazine. The Sene of Smell. The eye is used only for seeing, and the ear for hearing, but the nose is one of the organs that serve a double pur pose. It is not only the seat of the sense of smell, but was intended to be the principal organ through which man should breathe. Its circuitous passages, warm and moist, protect the lungs by taking the chill from the inspired air and arresting irritating dust. The whole nose is not concerned in the act of smelliug. The olfactory nerves, which alone take cognizance of odors, are situated in the upper third of the misal chambers, out of the line of ordinary inhalation. For this reason we do not usually notice odors unless they are somewhat strong; but when we sniff draw the air into the upper part ol the nostrils and hold it there for a few moments we become aware of the faint est scent. Youth's Companion. France's Executive. The president of France is chosen by a majority vote of both branches of par liament sitting together as a joint as sembly, and his term is seven j-ears. Usually, however, he is compelled to step down from office by pressure from parliament before his term ends. The constitution gives him the authority to select a ministry, which must comprise members ' of 'itrflament; to conclude treaties with foreign nations, to appoint to the chief military and civil posts, to pardon offenders, and in concurrence with the senate to dissolve the chamber of deputies and bring about a new elec tion. Thee are the chief powers of the president. The present executive Car not was elected on Dec. 3, 18fJ7. St. Louis Globe-Democrat. Not Bud Idea. "Remember, boys," said the teacher, who being still new at the business, knew not what else to say to make an impression, '-that in the bright lexicon of youth there's no such word as fail." After a few moments a boy from Boa ton raised his hand. "Well, what is it, Socrates?" as-ked the teacher. "1 was merely going to suggest," re plied the youngster as he cleaned his spectacles with his handkerchief, "tlsat if such is the case, it would be advisable to write to the publishers of that lexicon And call their attention to the mission." MVnntiwl Star. i DECORATE THE PIANO. In Small Rooms It Is Now Mde m Thlnx j of Itwaty mud sa Artist la Joy. ; The magic skill of modern decorators has vanquished the formidable) aggms fivenefl". even of the parlor piano. ror , mcrly pianos were most olwtinately, hoitolowdy angnlar objects in a pretty 'parlor, jHsitively refuhing to l.md them i nelves to any wheme of decoration. But r-ven a piano has posiibilitii, and since j these possibilities have been discovered , and realized the pi;no is the keynote of ! the whole decorative scheme. Of course in all city parlors an upright piano is used, and instead of being set back against me wan iiKe a cnu.i in disgrace it is now turn" 1 cut into the room al most at right angle, whi :h is decidedly m.jre agreeable to tie jx-rform.-r. The ...!: the instrument is th.-n draped with som-j beautiful material, hair 'in a curtain to the floor, ii-w-ticii-s a plain niece t::g is n-"d. a silken Komau n.slc i .... .u r velvet, with i m v wi ih til i the main color ro;m. So a ladiv.s i.itoducc a small picture or bit of i nt'.roi lerv in on. n;.er corner, around which the f'ranerv is hung ;'r;irefnll v. or clever needlewomen emhroidi.r V.u v.-ioie .natM-rv in oun'.nr, odd is:ga--. A .scarf of silk harmoni.-.ing with ta hanging at the back falls over the top o I he piano, and there are candelabra , :..ane Y. "ht ,. c-'s of bric-a-brac that will not rat tie when the instrument is in use .iuch are tn; o:-:;.aiities ol a piano as an object of decorative art, but wonder ful indeed are its possibilities ia another direction. Placed near a bav window, it shuts in the coziest lovers' nest i magi nab Soft cushioned window seats that have room for just two intuitive seats thev aught bo called are hidden thus away completely from the cold, cruel world 'movers retrcars witn lit t lo couches may be hid len in the shadow of such a piano when rich hangings fall from a corner window. Or a delightful tea cor ner is made with a screen for a doorway aad soft divans and dim lights inside Miss Georgia Cavvan has such a tea cor ner in her artistic little house in Harlem The back of the piano is hung with : soft hhade of yellow, brocaded with dull green leaves and flowers. Against this the little tea table is placed, with its dainty belongings, and a low chair be side it where the hostess presides A vellow cushioned divan extends en tirely around this corner,, lighted by tin soft radiance of a lamp with a pale gr-". shade, and piled hi.ni with a bakers dezen of pillows largo and small and medium with bright fcilken covers. -iTew Ycrk Sun. lTnrlvil Ku.Iwuy I'orterH. All English railway companies are very particular about civility being shown to the public, with perhaps one exception, known to most railway men; but even that company has now im proved in this respect, as well .as in many others. A baldheaded director of this company was traveling with some stran gers, and at one of the stations one of them asked the name of the place. A porter pointed to the name board, re marking, "Can't you read?" The direc tor was somewhat vexed, but tai l noth ing. At the next t taiion another of the passengers asked if they changed there for A . "Sit still, and don't bother: this ain't a junction," the porter replied. The director, who was much surprised at the incivility of the porters, told the strangers who he was, and expressed re gret that they had been so spoken to. "1 will see, however," he said, "if they will speak in the same way to me." At the next station he put his head out of tho window, but could get no one's attention till the train was moving off, when a porter came up ana snouted to him, Keep your bald head in, old buffer, or you'll catch cold." He fumed with rage, but the strangers seemed to enjoy his defeat. . There was trouble at those three sta tions the next day, and three faces were seen no more on those platforms. Cham bers' Journal. It Was Not lie T!mt "Worried. "Now, 6ir," cried Mr. Bag wig fero ciously, "attend to met V. ere you not in umiculties a few mouths ago?"' "No." "2ow, sir! Attend to my question,.! ask you again, and pray bo careful in answering, for you are on your oath. I need hardly remind you. Were you not in diiiiculties some months ago?" "No: not that I know of." "Sir, do you pretend to tell this court that you did not make a comjiosition with vour creditors a few months ago?"' A bright smile of intelligence spread over the ingenious face of the witness as he answered: "Oh! ah! That's what you mean, is it? But, you see, it was my creditors who were in uimculties, and not me." Laughable ?s ews2;iier listuke. A Syracuse printer, in setting up a ook paid; -ii t's advt rti.t.-iu.-'iu. con strued one of Biclcens' works thr.--: "Bar ney, by Rudge, Jl.-iO." iiisj.-rkits are sometimes very ludicrous in th.-ir sig nificance. A country paper gives an ac count of an amateur concert iu which a young lady received a well deserved en core by the exquisite tate in which she ang "An Angel's Whisker." In Dr. Waj land's time a meeting of the Amer ican Scientific association was held in this city. The doctor gave a party to the association. His friends were con- kdderably surprised the next morning to find it reported in the newspapers that Dr. Wayland had given a billiard party instead of a brillhmt part'. Providence Journal. "; No Hurry. Old Gentleman My boy, don't you go to school? Boy Yes sir. "It's long after 9, and here you are playing." "That's all right. We had a rather ate breakfast, and mamma was 'fraid 'd be late, so ebe wrote me an excuse. and IVe got it ia my pocket." Good IYrlinp.s no local disease has yuz j zlcl ami lialllcil the medical profeH- rdon more than catarrh. While not lmniewiaieiy laiai it im among im I most listresHing and liHrustiiit i aid 4lw. 41. .li id liir 4i :iul til.. -w ...-I ,.av a. . . , . a . . . aaav X- V -rls show very few or no cas o radical cure of chronic catarrh In i if .li.. , I I I 1 I i 1 I 1 t( ttKif 1 j.U a ... ...v ............a. ... .......v.. ... treatment until tin introduction of Kly'n ('renin Halm a few years ajjo. The success of llii preparation lias . a:r..: . .1 UlTii I1HIM i .1 11 111; ami. ism . n i.itt-iy I -!! ,l:tce up mi tii- inail;- t ! .MIit.s nt i. :, ' 1 1 ! it ii i ..i I 'i tKiimiy," 'ttity aro U-iLigojJorc.J inic-j By l: -.' -.K il.-:lliT, roi-i-rs, HnthifT'., !. , Rnil ill '.i- ' -1. ;!!.. in ii ireiiiiiiin l'ur .-uii.--eri.tHih', l" I. r -. Ann i liii'Ms of tln-se eiMiij;ir..liv-ly Worthless i .:.-; :.n- -i rv nitsl'-ai.ii::; ; ii-Mnii.--, -1-v i v i ! : :.i ii to im tin mi I . t:.-it i:ii i mi; . -j. ,t ..I i-ii-lu in uvi-le linllnr t.onl.," ul.cn in ivui::y iinin A to Z tln-y tire ail Reprint Dictionaries, limtotyp" -o'ii s of ii I U "i ever furty vim--- aire. wfiii-ti in it-; liay vtHM mjM tor u' nuifVH-, ;m, wl.ii-n v;i much Kiii.ciinr in an r, pr.i.t. :ii;ii 'imliiiu' to tticxc im ie.i ion", i-cn-.t; t lien li . t cvi I i t i niry of tin time iu -:-:rl ol one Long Since Obsolete. Ttle tlppllllflltof Ill.Um WWHlleti "I!CW V.-..I .1-," u-fii-'h -whip - i -f t !i ho. i1; -i :,r-' :i' I vcrr - cii ti -'oil. t:iin. w.-. i-o.-i-kIcU t.y t'c-iC-'Timn wii.i Inc. k i M'l invr i !i :.:y v. .mi i mw p:i -.; ivi,. ; fiic hi- - o r;..-r :i -.i'i ion.4 nr.' (.ro!i .'l 'cl): i:il.. of :l lil.r l ll.-l1 tcr. i. The T.:ii;iM I :,i i tl .n -h-t . ; o:i oroivO :etili:iry, v i-.1 i- ' - !.;. ..i- ir I ' t..:-- C'-in r;.t:'.i . coot tie -..! li m p.i-c-S x. i'.'i i ! i l ' .'.-.! ' --i - oo ; i.- I'f-iy rri"-, .ii: i I..- c-- o-i-- in -c e ' :. - t .! mc. 0 c Yuio '' i'-i-' : . I ., : imli'" in i - 'c-'t ,-l t . i v. - I . t ii" r,.,r: - ix i. ;.-li , -. V : . - : i.' i ', . : iMcrniv , i ND FOR OUR CATALOGUEno PRICES ATLAS ENGINE WORKS, INDlANAPOLiS, IND. AJ. A TTTTCj v.n; .:.i. (Scz ont injiT. removes ',cul Freckle. TAr.InJo Pimples, iilack-Iitads. Sunburn nnd Tan. A few applications will ren der the most stubbornly red Bkin BofL mooth and white. Viola Cream w not a paint or powder t cover defects, hut a remedy to cure. It is superior to all other preparations, and i3 guaranteed 'o gi ve Bati8fact:on, At druggists or mail ed for SO cents. Prepared by Tdsdnw Ohio. U. C. XUTT9iB CO. RFATTY PIANOS (new) S14.1, OR- BEATTV. Washington, N. J. AKXTH make lOO Per ceut net on my Corsets. Helts. Bruslies. Curlera. and rnrt. Icines. Samples free. Write now. Dr. Bridg niau, 371 Broadway N. Y. OH TilY BACK, That generally means pain and suffering-. But why suffer? Dr. Grosvenor's Bell-cap-sic porous Plaster will relieve you in one night, sure. Send a penny stamp to Grosvenor & Richards, Boston. Mass., and learn how to remove a porous plaster scientifically it will pay you and don't forget that the best porous plaster in the world has the picture of hell on the back cloth, and is called Dr. Grosvenor's Belhcapsic. BOILING WATER OR MILK GRATEFUL-COMFORTING. V v v"1 ?- ft V ;1 balsam '-Vv ?i'-'i an lva:Uii.:9 the hair. y'.-'f" i"M'M'-ti"! a Inxarinnt rro"tH. ;ir yu'-la to I?e store Gray m ir..r 1 o ?ts Y out ii.ru i Color. : .I Cujv..- !-!' l:.srr..-i-a hair isJiing. V- -.; -' .') r-::.;i I P.-iricer'ii 'Txuer "1 oc.i.j. 1' cur- ti.t- worst C'liih. "U.K I.uil-. 1 K-Ji hrv, jul'istion. Fain, Take iu time. 5o cu. HSP-JDKRCOHNS. The ori v sure cure for Comi. bUip ui Jftuo. loo. atirui . Vruiiiaa, or lUoCui h CO., N. Y. Dr. Grosvsncr's Bell-cap-sic GiveM quirk relief from pain. PLASTER. Rhftam&tiBm, nearmlci. pleurisy and lombrof ,t5uri at once. trmwtn rnr twiie oj mn i-rrujcir i CHICHESTER'S ENGLISH. RED E original AMD CCMUINC. Duped RICE Joy-Z Bsaoj. 4 WiOl'tIOLACRFail.1 EPFS BELfcO I.aril-. uk Ilrmmrt for ChtcM'tlr Mnatih IHrmefut Bran in ltr4 aft OoU DiclHle T baxft. ra.l.nl witb tia- nbM. Take attei- kltMi. Btfi SbMtmtM nna. v All pills tl pMttbnnl b, ilal nop.H 4ujrma MUtarhtta A4 Irttiu. ar arW aa 4e. ia atasaa tor parutaian. iiaaiaaiaia, aa -HaSmt W I aalaa," tmltur,T rtmm aal O fbf !j Z - in v il MADE ONLY BY W. D. JONES. THE HAS THE FINEST RIGS IN -I 1 1 Ul rnrrincs for Pleasure nnd kept Cor. 4th atid Vine 1 WILL KEKI CONSTANTLY A Full and Complete line of Drugs, Medicines, Paints, and Oils. DSUGGISTS SUNDRIES AND PURE LIQUORS Prescriptions Carefully Compounded at all Hours Lyniber THE OLD RELSACLE. IL A. WATERMAN k M PINF LUMBER ! Shingles, Lath, Bash, Doors, Blinds Can supply everw demand of the citj. Call and get terra.9. Fourth street in rear of opera house. ! HENRY BOECK The Leading FURNITURE DEALER AND UNDERTAKR. Constantly keeps on hand Jeverything you need to famish your house. CORSEH SIXTH AND MAIN STKEKT Plattsmout Neb 5! I S II X i: L L n A C K Kit . Wdun and Blacksmith shop Wftgon, Buggy, Machine and plow Repair-in" done HOIiSE.SIIOEING A SPECIALTY He uses the i NEVERSLIP HORSESHOE Which is the best horseshoe for the farmer, or for fast driving, or for city purposes ever invented. It is so made that anyone c&n put on sharp or flat corks, as needed for wet and slippery days, or smooth, dry roads. Call at his shop and examine the neverslip and you will use no other. J. M. SflNELLBACKER. 12 North Fifth St. Plattsmouth CROSS TJ DIAMOND BRAND J Ti- atalr lafe. fTT. u4 reltmMe Pill tor nin. LV 1 an immmmm bM) WJtnj ijf? Wild ijynjz a, Il II L l! utaDoiljerfAIR-BANK,: Tvor xia r.rK CJUT1 ft 1IIC CHID r- .v.. HXfAlRBAMK&CQ. chicagcl I0NNER STABLES. Proprietor. V1- J I Short Drives Always Koauy. I'lattfiinouth, Kebraek GO ON HANI) FallerF Meat Wet 105 S 6th st., Union Block, formerly 415 Main street. A. Splendid Market, where Everything kept is First Class. We aim to ulease, and solicit the Patron age of the Public. THE CHOICEST STEAKS, EXCELLENT ROASTS, THE SWEETEST CUTS, FINEST CURED MEATS, 'IAMB. FISH AND OTflKR DELICACIES IS SEASON. By fair and hoaest dealing I expect t merit a share of the trade. 1 131-1 m. J. R. VALLERY, Prop JULIUS PEPPERRERG. MANUFACTURER OK A5B WHOLESALE & RETAIL DEALER IN TUX Thoicest Brands of Cigars. including our "tor j3 ii3f Jirp' and FULL LINE OF Qui fOBACCO AND SMOKERS' ARTICLE wwavn in stock. Not. 28, 1885. DEALER IN STAPLE fiND FANCY GROCERIES, GLASS AJS'L QUEENS1VARE Flour Rna Feed a Specially lJatrnage ot tke Puble Solicited. JOHNSON BU1LDIHS,' HirtltlttS mmia -10 f C x ' 1 l i r I "Vil f If n ait 1 8 V) i V 0