EOTORMLS
Opinions of Great Papers on Important Subjects.
4
Womon as Wayo Earners.
T Las novor been determined to tho atlsfac-
Won of tho men workers that It Is u good or n
fair thing for tho womon workers to compote
with thorn in tho open hilwr markot. The men
contend that tho women, by accoptlng n lower
I wage, decrease tlio average wage paid to till.
Tho unmarried women who liavo no one to
work for thorn maintain that tho woman who has a hus
band for her bread-winner Is an unfair competitor. Then,
again, thero aro those, generally old-fnshlonod folk that
have, Ilko Webster's vetoranH, come down to us from former
generations, who devoutly believe that the woman's sphere
of labor, as wife and mother, Is In her own homo, where
useful, helpful work for tho world may bo found in on
gage much of her time, energy and intelligence. These
undent people contend that tho rearing aright of children,
tho making of good men and noble womon, Is the very
best and tho most profitable work to which married wom
en can put ihoir hands or minds.
Respecting the merits or dome rite of any of those three
contentions we do not pretend to decide, as we are past
masters In neither political economy nor sociology. What
we do know on tho subject pretty thoroughly is Unit the
right kind of labor Is n good and beneficent thing for wom
on as well as for men, and that day by day recognition of
that fact is becoming moro general. What clwo is being
rocognlzed la that tho woman who works for a wago or
salary loses no dignity nor prestige, but rather gains both
by her willingness uul ability cither to work and support
hersolf in womanly independence or to assist in tho sup
port of her family who need her assistance. Philadelphia
JLcdgcr.
Saving Niagara.
Gav lui.nuiv vuuiHj o iuiu nun, iui mu iiiiiu
being, saved Niagara Falls from spoliation by
I utilitarian enterprise He rightly considers
in.-i ii i .. ...... .. i . .
mm Huiiuiiiuiu a iovo ior rue grand aim oeau
tlful In naturo has claims upon tho law-making
power which cannot wisely be ignored in
behalf of monov-miiklnir nriwinlttmiN. it will
be easy to find elsewhere tho power necessary to run tho
machinery of n population five or ton times as great as
that of tho United States to-doy. Hut we cannot find an
othor Niagara. So the New York statesman has tho ap
proval of tho nation at large, whatever tho disappointed
Niagara corporation and its tools in the State Legislature
may think of his veto.
But Governors and Legislatures come and go, and if
Niagara is to flow on forover it is not well that tho fato of
tho Falls should dopend on the bargainings of lobbyists and
politician. Neither should It depend on the chance that
thero may never bo a Governor of New York to whom
entlmont may bo moro silliness, and Niagara a mere wasto
of water which should be sot to turning mill-wheels. The
Jurisdiction of New York State over a rlvor which forms
part of an International boundary Is subject to tho treaty
making power of the Federal Government. That govern
ment. In conjunction with Canada, can mako the destruction
of the cataract forover impossible through a treaty prohib
iting any further diversion of the waters of tho rlvor. As
both countries aro now using the water In about equal quan
tities the prohibition would be fair to both, and would pre
serve to Canada and New York tho glorious central attrac
tion about which each has created, at vast expense, a mag
nificent riverside park. St. Paul Pioneer Press.
Cupid in tho School Houses.
i ROM ifrltnn lininnnimlnl -!. i
F ...w ........ ihuiiiii uiv allium I1UIINU llllo
been a favorite resort for sly Cupid. Thou-
sands of charming young women have found
..1. 1 l n .... . . ,
Imu oaiuui iiouHe uio uircsiiom or matrimony,
and countless young men have mot tholr fato
wiuie eking out an educational oxisten hv
tcachlnsr winters and "hmmiin
theso circumstances none but the most hard-hearted educa
tional autocrat would have the temerity to seek to banish
Cupid and to say that no female teacher could rise in lovo
and marry tho man of her choice without losing her posi
tion in the public schools.
The New York Hoard of Education sought to banish
all married women from wicked Gotham's public schools,
and forthwith an incipient revolution was started. A come
ly young teacher named Kate S. Murphy, who fell a vic
tim to Cupid's wiles, determined to mako a test case in
behalf of herself as woll n of hor suffering sisters, and she
brought action against tho superintendent for the purpose
of preventing tho enforcement of the by-law providing that
"No woman principle, head of department or member of
the teaching or supervising staff shall marry while in tho
omploy of the Board of Education.
The ca.so was carried to the Court of Appeals, whero
a victory avss won for the matrimonial liberty of tho fe
male toncher. Following this defoat tho New York Board
of IOducatlon 1ms now amended Ite by-laws by striking
out the clause which permlte charges to bo made against
a teacher-bride, but It retains the prohibitive feature, mere
ly to demonstrate Its continued belief that femalo teachers
ought not to wed and tlll retain their positions.
In the meantime Kate H. Murphy has won a victory
In bohalf of hor sox in connection with the public schools
which will unquestionably be appreciated by her teaching
sisters everywhere, and as a token of her good faith
she will contlnuo to teach In gay Gotham even though she
lias fullcn victim to clover Cupid. Burlington Free Press.
Brazil, Peru and Rubber.
HEN Brazil and Bolivia entered Into a treatv
A T Iconeernlng the territory of Acre last fall, It
lfV I was thought that the long standing disputes
A.tAM V. hamI... I . .1 ll .... I 1 .- 1 . I ..1 L .
wtci iuu I'CKiuii iiiiu jimmy uuuu muugilt lU till
end. Now It appears, however, that Pem is
still to bo reckoned with. A battle has been
fought botween Peruvian and Brazilian troops
on tho Rlvor Crandless, the result being, according to Bra
zilian reports, a complete rout of the Peruvians.
The Ministers of both countries at Washington have
thought It Important to bid for American sympathy by issu
ing statements as to their respective claims and rights.
Formally considered, theso statements have little In them
of Interest. They deal simply with vague treaties and
vaguer boundaries In an exceedingly thinly settled region.
Actually the dispute has great Importance to both coun
tries, because tho prize at stake Is the control of some of
tho richest rubber forests In the world. Brazilian com
panies have begun to work tho forests In the course of their
progress up tho tributaries of the Amazon, while Peruvian
companies have entered them since tho denudation of the
forests In Mantana, which Is recognized Peruvian territory.
It Is reported from Bio Janeiro that no war will result
from tho frontier battle since both countries desire arbitra
tion. Brazil demands, however, that Peru withdraw all
hor troops from the disputed country before arbitration be
gins, while Peru Insists that the presence of her troops Is
not In the slightest degree derogatory of "good faun and
fraternal sentiment." Certainly If the desire for arbitration
Is gonulno a provisional arrangement should be easy to
make. Chicago Hocord-IIcrald.
Industrial Changes in China.
LOW as Is tho nroirress of olvlllzntinn In nhlnn
SI compared with Japan, which, In a period cov
Icred by tho memory of men now living, bad
to her present place among nations, yet Indus
trially at least tho "Celestial" Empire does
move, and that in a manner which cannot be
neglected In any computation of future trade with that
country. The report of the Inspector General of Customs
of the empire shows that China Is rapidly getting into a
condition to supply herself with certain articles for which
she has depended heretofore almost entirely upon other
countries. Those who have not kept themselves well In
formed In regard to tho Industrial changes which have
been taking place In the empire will be surprised to learn
from the report that the nation which for so many years
relied almost entirely upon England and the United States
for Its cotton goods, now manufactures CO per cent of all
the goods of this kind supplied to the home market. In a
year China's imports of flour have fallen off one-fourth,
not that the Chinese are eating less of It than formerly
in fact, the consumption of flour is Increasing in the em
pirebut because the deficiency In imports was more than
made good by the recently established Chinese flour mills
grinding Chinese wheat.
These would seem to be signs that, In spite of a cor
rupt and Incompetent Government, China Is beginning to
awake from her sleep of centuries. New York Press.
Aro No Trumps in Germany.
To-day tho lot of tho laboring man
in Germany Is In many respects better
than that of ours. Tho German state
recognizes tho right of every nun to
live wo do not. When the German
laborer becomes old or feeble the state
ponslons him honorably. In Germany
the laboring man can ride on the elec
tric cars for 12 cents wo pay 3. Gor
man cities have public baths, public
laundry establishments, big parks, free
concerts and many other features
which soften poverty although they
do not romovo It.
The corollary to this Is that the em
peror permits no tramps to terrorize
his highways. Tho police are organ
ized for rural patrol as well as city
work, and every loafer Is stopped and
made to glvo an account of himself.
In England vagrancy s hetfn Pub
lic nuisance for generations with us
it has become of late years almost a
public danger. Germany has no
tramps. The man who Is without work
In Germany finds no inducement to re
main idle. A paternal government sets
him to such hard work that tho would
bo unemployed finds It decidedly to his
interest to seek some other employ
ment as soon as posslblo. National
Magazine.
DESTRUCTION OF DALNY'S DOCKS.
jti"s 'tm.m' ' K -""iTAoawvwyi
,3
A keen critic Is apt to mako cutting
remarks.
ONE OF DALNY'S PRINCIPAL STREETS.
The necessities of war produce strange conditions. For live years the
Russians had been engaged In erecting the commercial port of Dalny, situ
ated on Tallonwan Bay to tho east and north of Port Arthur. It was to
be an open port, without a custom house, nnd freo to the commerce of the
world. Largo government buildings were erected, streets were laid out,
houses built and great docks constructed, tho entlro outlay being In the
neighborhood of $i!r,000,000. Then camo tho wnr, with Russian unpre
paredness on land and sou. Tho defeat of tho Russians at Kln-Ohou coin
polled their evacuation of Dalny. Before abandoning tho place, however,
they destroyed the larger docks and many of tho utilities which Japan might
llnd useful, thus wiping out In a few hours works which In times of peace
they had created at large outlay of time and money.
Some men belong to church and
some others seem to think the church
belongs to them.
For every man who achieves great
ness there are millions who fall to
have It thrust upon them.
GOOD X
Short Qtofies
Norman E. Mack, of Buffalo, was
iskcd tho other day to define the word
bonanza. Mr. Mack has had some ex
perience in mining propositions, and
replied: "A bonanza is a hole In tho
ground owned by a d d liar."
A Mormon once argued polygamy
with Mark Twain. The Mormon In
fcisted Unit polygamy was moral, and
he defied Twain to cite any passage
of Scripture that forbade the practice.
"Well," said the humorist, "how about
that passage Hint tells us no man can
servo two masters?"
Wo all have our trials at tho tele
phone, but wo do not usually hear
"Central's" opinion of us. A Son Fran
cisco lawyer, who had been trying for
ten minutes or moro without success
to get tho number he asked for at last
gavo vent to his annoyance In ve"ry
Strong language. Ills wife, who was
standing near, sold, persuasively, "Let
me try, dear." Then, in a gentle voice,
which was intentionally a strong con
trast to his angry tones, she called,
"Hello, Central!" Hor husband dis
tinctly heard "Central" answer
promptly, "Just a moment, madam.
There Is a crazy man on the line. Let
mo settle him nrst."
At a meeting of tho BIrdsborough
(Pa.) Athenaeum, which devotes an
evening each month to. the considera
tion of topics of current interest, the
subject of compulsory education wn3
taken up. There was a vigorous ex
position of viows, pro and con, Into
which not a little feeling entered.
Flhallj', ono member, who had been
listening attentively, obtained the floor
after considerable difficulty, and re
marked that the field had been gone
over so thoroughly that there remain
ed little to be said. "But," he added,
"I want to say tills: Some people have
no children, and don't care whether
they go to school or not."
Dr. Seward Webb was ono of n par
ty of friends who listened to some tall
tales from a young braggart. Then Dr.
Webb told a story of an adventure
he had with a grizzly. It happened In
the Rockies, and culminated in the
doctor being left defenseless on tho
edge of a high cliff, over which his
rifle had fallen and the bear only six
feet away. When he had reached this
point In his story Dr. Webb paused,
and appeared to have finished. Then
tho imaginative young man, who had
been listening pop-eyed, broke in:
"Well," he Bald; "well? Go on. What
happened?" Dr. Webb, looking him
calmly in the eye, replied: "The
grizzly devoured me."
In a little Tennessee town lived a
justice of the peace who had been re
elected for many terms, although he
was tho only Republican In the dis
trict. At last, ono campaign when
political excitement was very high, It
was determined to oust him, and put
lu a Democrat. The Republican was
frightened. Then he resolved upon a
bold plan. Tho election was held in
on old distillery, and before a vote
was cast the justice of the peace an
nounced his intention of making a
speech. "Feller citizens," he said, from
tho top of a barrel that lie had mount-
pd, "I've been justice of the peace
hero goln' on twenty years, an' a good
many times I've saved many of you
from goln' to the pentientlary, an'
now you're tryln' to put me out of of
lice. But I just want to tell you some
thing. I've got the constitution and
tho laws of the State of Tennessee m
my pocket, and just as sure as you
him me out of olllco I'll burn 'em up
blame me If I don't and you may
nil go to ruin together." He was elect
ed. Tho voters felt that to bo In a
State without a constitution and laws
was too great a calamity to be thought
of.
A THEORY OF KANSAS RAIN.
)r. Snow SuyH that the Moisture Comes
from the Gulf.
The theory that tho rainfall of Kan
pas depends very largely upon the
snowfall In tho Rocky Mountnlns of
Colorado Is not supported by Dr. F.
II. Snow of tho University of Kansas,
who believes that tho rains of Kansas
are caused by winds from tho Gulf
of Mexico, says tho Kansas City Star.
Dr. Snow, who has studied tho weath
er of Kansas 37 years, supports his
theory by argument, which Is the re
sult of close observation. The United
States Weather Bureau recently sent
out warning to persons In eastern Col
orado and parts of Nebraska stating
that on account of a deficiency In the
snowfall in tho mountains last winter
the supply of water In tho Platto Riv
er for Irrigation will be exhausted pre
maturely. This has called attention
and promoted discussion regarding the
theory which attributes tho rainfall
of Kansas to tho melting snow in the
Rockies.
According to this theory, an exces
live snowfall in tho mountains is fol
lowed by an abundant rainfall In Kan
las tho following season, while a de
aclency of snowfall indicates the prob
ability of a serious deficiency In rain
fall. In talking of tho question as to
the source of Kansas rainfall to-day,
Dr. Snow said:
"Notwithstanding tho deficiency of
snow in tho Rocky Mountain region
last winter, tho rainfall of Kansas In
March and April greatly exceeded tho
normal amount and furnished a suffi
cient refutation of the theory that
Kansas rainfall depends upon tho
mountains snow. The most probablo
source of tho moisture which pro
duces tho Kansas rainfall is tho Gulf
of Mexico. Tho prevailing winds of
Kansas In tho latter part of spring, tho
entire summer nnd tho first half of au
tumn, are from the south and south-
west."
Dr. Snow's theory Is that the winds
of western Kansas come from across
the hot, san'dy country of New Mexi
co and western Texas and that tho
winds of eastern Kansas blow over
central northern Texas, central Okla
homa and after crossing Kansas tako
a northwestern course through south,
eastern Nebraska, northwestern Mis
souri and over Iowa. This territory
Is in tho rain bolt nnd Is not subject
to dry seasons as In western Knni
sas and parts of other states over
which the dry hot winds from tho far
southwest pass. These dry winds, af
ter their course over Now Mexico and
western Texas, cross western Kansas
and pursue a course further enst In
Nebraska than in Kansas and then Into
tho Dakotas.
"Tho sea breezes from tho Gulf of
Mexico," said Dr. Snow, "extend west
ward into south Texas for a consider
able distance, gradually veering to tho
north and joining the regular south
west winds, bringing abundant mois
ture to tho eastern part of Kansas,
while tho western half of the Stato
lying beyond tho moisture-laden winds
from tho gulf has a different rainfall
In each locality according to Its dis
tance from 'the northward moving
moisture-laden currents."
Dine Only When Hungry.
A prolific cause of chronic indiges
tion Is eating from habit and simply
because it 1b meal time nnd others aro
eating. To eat when not hungry is to
oat without relish, and food taken
without relish Is worse than wasted.
Without relish the salivary glands do
not act, the gastric fluids are not free
ly secreted, and the best of foods will
not be digested. Many perfectly harm
less dishes aro severely condemned for
no other reason thnn they were given
perfunctorily and without relish and
due insallvation.
Hunger makes the plainest fowls en
joyable. It causes vigorous secretion
and outpouring of all tho digestive
fluids the sources of ptyalln, pepsin,
trypsin, etc., without a plentiful sup
ply of which no foods can be perfectly
digested.
Walt for nn appetite if it takes a
week. Fasting Is one of the saving
graces. It has a, spiritual significance
only through Its great physical and
physiologic importance. If breakfast
is a boro or lunch n matter of Indif
ference cut ono or both of them out.
Walt for distinct nnd unmistakable
hunger, and then eat slowly". If you do
this you need nsk few questions as to
the propriety and digestibility of what
you eat, and It need not be prcdlgostedj
Hygienic Mugnzln'e.
The Fringe on Mosquitoes.
Mosquitoes belong to the fly family,
but differ from common Hies in many
respects. One of tho most Interesting
differences Is the fringe of halrllko
scales on the edge of tho wing and on
the wing veins. These scales are ex
ceedingly transparent and dainty in ap
pearance, and the accomplished micro
scopist looks at them with great Inter
est, because, once upon a time, the En.
gllsh-speaking mlcroscoplsta of the
whole world were lighting a wordy
war about tho true structure of thesQ
feathery objects. Microscopic lenses
of those days wore poor in comparison
with tho lenses of tho present, and few
observers agreed in the Interpretation
of what they saw. We know about
these scales now, but they will always
bo attractive, because thirty or forty
years ago they stirred up quite a scion,
title contest. St Nicholas.
Earthworms and Moisture.
Earthworms cannot Uvo without
moisture; their food is also dependent
upon It. During droughts thoy burrow
down to moisture often three or four
feet, and It is only after rains, during
humid weather, or in damp earth that
they may be dug up just under thj
surface or are seen reaching for out
of their holes or even traveling on ths
surface to new localities, generally at
night. Vegetable mold often grows
upon pavements, and worms frequent
such places. Often they crawl upon;
tho hard sidewalks and cannot burrow
down again. They aro found in great
est numbers wherever there Is decay
ing vegetation. Worms are friends ot
man and servo an Important economic
purpose. St. Nicholas.
. l"reo Variation.
Old Mother Hubbard,
Sho went to tho markot,
To got a uico porterhouse steak.
But when bIio got thero
Tho price had doubled,
And she had to buy liver lustead.
Chicuco Tribune.
