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About The Nebraska advertiser. (Nemaha City, Neb.) 18??-1909 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 3, 1899)
A M y&, tehX !: f r r THE WAR IN AFEICA. It Was Forc2d Upon the Boers by Secretary Chamberlain. Cnlitnufil Itlplury of tlie Uvontr. AVIilch Lett tit (he I'ltliniitiiiii of l'rcnlilunt Knitter 12iib- IhhiI'm iKiioltlu l'urt. tSpeclal Correspondence Now that a statu of actual war exists between the South African republic and Great Britain it behooves the peo ple of other nations to review dispas sionately tin; causes which led up to the eonlliot. Whatever one's personal prejudices may. be, it is always well to look upon "both sides of a great historical ques tion; and in this instunce-thc impartial observer be ho American' or English man is compelled to admit that (he 3ioers were forecd into beginning h'os tilitiOs by the hypocritical and unfair policy of Joseph Chamberlain, British secretary for the colonies, Into whose Lands the Salisbury government placed the settlement of the Transvaal dilll culty. The original complaint, of which the present war is the result, was the ul lcged discrimination of the Boer gov ernment against the "outjanders," or foreign residents, of the republic who NORVOL'S I'ONT, CAPE COLONY were heavily taxed and yet had no voice in the administration of either local or general affairs. This complaint came to the llritish colonial ollice in the form of a petition signed by British subjects re siding in the South African republic; and was made by Secretary Chamber lain the pretext for undermining the stability ami independence of the Boer government, in direct violation of the convention of 18S-I, which guaranteed to the Transvaal absolute independence in the management of international af fairs. A demand made upon President Knlger to redress the grievances of the dissatisfied foreigners resulted in n con ference between himself and Sir Alfred Milncr, British high commissioner to South Africa; and the Transvaal agreed to pass a new franchise law and to refer other subjects to international arbitration. Instead of meeting the Poms half way, Secretary Chamberlain and his THE WAH IN AFRICA. (Field Cornet Calling JlurKhur to Report for Sorvlco.) personal representative in Africa, Sir Alfred Milner, prevented n peaceful set tlement by enlarging their demands every time President Kruger made a concession; and when finally the main point at issue was reduced to a misun derstanding between a five-year and a seven- ear franchise law Secrvtarj Chamberlain, without any provocation whatsoever, raised the quest iJn .of "suzerainty." Put before' resorting to this clearly tinjust and dishonest dodge, he had caused the British war ollice to dispatch thousands of -troops" to' the 'j'rnnsvanl front-ler. At no Ktngeof thediplomtitie transsie-tiou-s betwe.cn the t,vvo countries did the Trnnsviwil question. t"he .supremacy of Great Britain"; Itsreprefrentutlvc'sat the viirioite'caiifcrenccs insisting merely iipiin domestic independe'iici. . .. . For some reason or other, probably. to make 'themselves believe in tire Jus tice of. the present crisis, ICnjflis'h news papers and politicians have of late spoken of the Transvaal as a British colony, but such statements are found ed neither upon history nor fairness. TheSouth African republic has nev.er Ltei'n a Ijiitlah colony. Since its EtmFmh ' i r i iilii i 3N mm , m foundation it has elected its own prcsl dent, made, Its own laws,- and its citi zens have never taken nnn oath bf-allegiance to 'Queen Victoria. The Uoers vyho formed tin rcpubllu withdrew from British soil for the sole purpose of forming an independent government, and this right, was fully recognised by Greiit Britain in 1S5U and again in the treaty of 1S31 rtnd the convention of, 1884. The only right which the lloers accorded to Great JJrltaln was that of conducting the diplomatic nifairs of the Transvaal; and upon this flimsy con cession Secretary Chairiberlaih has based his demand for regulating the status of foreigners residing within the limits of the republic. The injustice of the Uritlsh claim speaks for Itself, but it 'is' furtlu'r ein nhaslzed bv the fact that the "outluud- ers" ate not only to bo permitted to con- trol the elections In the iransvnal, but that they shall at the stund time lose none of their rights as Hrltish suojeets, nor be compelled to take an oath of alle giance to the republic. The prcposter ousne'ssofsueh a proposition cannot fail to appeal forcibly to every Apierienn citizen, not one of whom would for a moment consent to have Knglishmen, Germans, Frenchmen and Italians re siding within the. United States exercise the right of franchise without assum ing the responsibilities as well as tho advantages of American citizenship. Had President Kruge'r' accepted tho Chamberlain proposals the Transvaal AND FHEE STATE FRONTIER. would have ceased to be an independent statu and Great Britain would no longer have been the "suzerain," but the "sov ereign" power. The fact of the matter is that since hostilities have begun Kng lish authorities have spoken of nothing but sovereignty, the more objectionable term "suzerainty" having been rele gated to tlie archives of the foreign and colonial ollices at London. Whatever one may think of the Boers, their customs and their ways, heir his tory lias been one long struggle for in dependentexistence; and theirinitiutivu in issuing an ultimatum to their power ful enemy surprised nobody, least of ull the war faction in England. President Kruger, whose little republic was being surrounded by a chain of armed sol diery, could not tifl'ord to wait until the enemy was strong enough to crush his army of burghers in one great pitched battle, lie realized as well as his op ponents that his only chance of secur ing an honorable pence depended upon quick action and the complete route of the British forces now in Natal and other border colonies. A single over whelming defeat would mean the de struction of Boer rule in South Africa and the conversion of the free Trans vaal into a British colony. Surprise lias been expressed in some, quarters that the Orange Free State, an absolutely independent Dutch-African republic, should have decided to cast its lot with the struggling Boers of thu Transvaal. Such a step, however, was but natural. The two republics have not only been bound together by an offensive and defensive alliance for years, but the absorption of the South African republic would inevitably lead to the extinction of the Orange Free State. The burghers of the latter com monwealth, after the fourth "trek," de feated the British at Bloeiufonteln, In 1818, and founded a republic. The Brit ish troops .then In Africa were unable to cope successfully with the indignant frontiersmen; and when, in 1850, the warlike Kaflirs threatened to annihi late the discouraged English garrisons the 1ondon government acknowledged the complete independence of the Or ange "Free State, at the mercy of whose troops was the life of every Englishman in the southern part of the African con tinent. " England has never forgiven the do-, feat at lUnenifonteinnor- those. at. Laing's Neck" and on .Majuba hill and the. Boer population of, all South Africa knovys that the game played by Cham berlain n lid his cohorts was, not"' in tended to. help the . "nutlnnders," but was lather the final move hi a. contest for 'absolute control jover ho-gold "ami diamond, fields of the Band.. '. '. ' Back of Chamberlain then sttind-pr-giinlzeel capital'iinel organized rapacity, fortified by. military, hatred and unpa triotic jingoism. Back of Pr'esideh Kru ger lofty, patriotism rafes its banners. In sueji a struggle the sympathy of the world especially that (if a free people. is with the under dog; not because he is an especially lovable creature, In if becitiuse ho stands for liberty and self 'government. a. W. WEUVIEHT. VICTIMS. 0? COCAINE. Their Number Is Increasing at a - Truly Frightful Rate." How the DniK ' Ailmliilntrred Itn T;rrllIe MfTeclM 1 1 Chnritoter riiul llnliltx 'ff ' Km llovoteCK. - ISpcclnl WashfiiKton Letter. The teiuperancc" lecturers of the fu ture Avllf be obliged to enlarge' their scope jof vision, incfeusi! their store of facts aiid wtlge war against evils of an alarming nature concerning which tlie general public at present knows prnc tically nothing. Scientists, in the National, museum, the Smithsonian institution, the med ical stalt of the army and niiv-j and the' health congress have collected facts which, demonstrate that the cocaine habit is becoming' prevalent, and that its effects upon. Its victims are even more dangerous than the effects of al cohol, The best discoveries of medical sot; ence'in all the ages hlive been-alcohol and opium'.' Alcohol has stimulated ninny a sinking and dying man, giv ing him renewed lease of life.; so that surgeons and physicians have been en abled to bring the sufferers "back to health. Opium has quieted the pain, paved the body from lis racking rav ages, and enabled the medical and sur gical attendants to apply restoratives which might have been unavailing without the aid of the heart of the poppy. Poth of these blessings of science have been perverted, so that the vic tims of alcohol and of opium have com mitted crimes and debauched their own careers, while- spreading unhnpphiess and misery throughout the world. Mothers, wives and children have fallen beneath the blows and curses of drunk en husbands and fathers, while whole families have starved or gone to the poorhouse; while opium caters and morphine fiends have wasted ffteir sub stance, weakened their intellects and dreamed themselves into dishonorable graves. Another blessing of scientific discov ery is now being perverted into a curse to humanity. Tlie history of cocaine is given briefly by a writer of ability and distinction, and every lover of humanity elionld know that history, in order that wise precaution, kindly foresight and generous affection may provide against the spread of the evil in our commun ities. This latest blessing should be Used sparingly and cautiously by phy sicians. Indiscriminate resort to its use may tend to disseminate tlie evil habit which is already causing havoc and dismay in happy homes. Cocaine, like morphine, is a drug capable of most beneficial results to mankind, and it is only its abuse and r HITTING THE OPIUM PIPE. not its intelligent use which produces evil. Jt is a salt extracted from cocoa leaves, the product of a .shrub that grows wild In South America. The virtues of the plant as a nerve stimu lant have long been known to the Peruvian natives, who for ninny years attracted the wondering notice of trav elers by tlie prolonged fatigue which they were enabled to endure by simply chewing its leaves. About 111 years ago a young German physician called the attention of the medical profession to the fact that a soluble combination of cocaine with hydrochloric acid pos sessed remarkable properties as a local anaesthetic. It was found flint when this was applied to tlie tip of the tongue that portion of the organ was temporarily benumbed. A bimilar ex periment with the eye led to a like re sult. It was found that upon the appli cation of a few drops of the Dolulinjt the delicate nerves of sensation weie practically paralyzed and. that the most painful opi-ratiom colild be per formed without discomfiture; t,o the pa tient. For avvJiile flic drug was little pscd. on .account of its. great' expense and tlie dilUc u'lty of obtaining pure preparations. It was Fook'ed upon ami believed to lie .entirely snfc,.jo matter when; applied, and eiflirely harmless. In time, however, the dilllculties a't-fendlng-its inaii"iifncjurewere removed, and U caihe' Into more general use to dull the scnslbilftivs;of 'the mice and larynx during exainiuatious and oper ations. ..'." Its cost be'canii'solcFsened that it was introduced Into the wide fluid of .pat ent medicines as the Imhlc condition of to-called "catarrh remedies. Apparent ly, when thufc eni ployed 'It produced the luost'uiurvcluus curei', because tlie pa tient, finding the delicate nasal mem urnuc deadened and all discomfort and annoyance removed, iin'ngined that tlie evil had pnssed i(vaynot knowing thut flic relief was" only temporary. Many physicians, also, after using this ageut ivs a palliative in trea.ti.tig disturb ances of the nasal passages, placed it U the hands of patients tq he employed at pleasure, and these nccredlted nun df medicine are unquestionably re sponsible, to a very, large extent, for the spread of what has really become mi alarming national evil. When co caine had eo'iue Into gelieral use by phy sicians and makers of put nit medicine, for. the Alleviation of all nasal troubles, including even influenza, and for tooth aches or the trinpdrnry suppression of liny pain, or Irritation where the deli cate mucous luembraue Is affected, it was found Unit a craze was created for- tlie continued lisc of the drug; This, it was t.oou learned, had its origin not in the mere suppression of the pain or irritation, hut by reason of. the fact X. I l Hhrfrtif I il 'X s 1 '-1. te$L '.-uvvv "n-H"' ' iil ' i i Svi fei-J mw FOR MOTHER'S TOOTHACHE. that applications of cocaine, either to tlie nasal nieinbiiine or by hypodermic injections the same method by which morphine is most generally Introduced into till' system- produced a sense of extreme exhilaration; in fact, a condi tion of most cujo.vnhlc intoxication. Those who had once experienced this found it difllciilt to abstain from a re newal of the application, and, In time, found tho use of the drug absolutely essential to life. Thus the blessing of relief from pain has been perverted into a curse to ln inanity. A leading druggist here says: "Little children conic to me suffering with toothache, and beg for a two per cent, solution of cccainc. I give them an ounce or a drahm, with instanta neous effect. They take it home, and soon they come again, saying that mother has a toothache, and I supply them. Physicians have recently in formed me that mothers and fathers send children for the drug, when in reality they want it to us-e hypodcr inically on themselves. There is no doubt that the habit is growing, and that the victims resort to all sorts of expedients to get tho drug, without permitting druggists and physicians to l;now that they are making use of it for purposes of pleasure and ex citement." A learned physician wliei retained suf ficient intelligence to enable l.-im to describe tlie evil which was destroying him has written as follows: "One syringe self-injectcel is, in my opinion, absolutely sure to produce the fascinating desire for a seeoiuf. The individual is almost certainly then a cocainist, and Will procure the drug for scll'-ailiuinistrafion even when ap parently it is impossible to do so. All watching is useless. He has thousands of excuses to get a moment to himself,, generally in the neighborhood of some chemist. Unscrupulous even though still aware to some extent of his ties he will get it dishonestly if necessary, ami even when not craving for it at the moment, he will get it bccaiiHc his only idea is to have it witli him. The sense of right and wrung i'not abolished, but he does not care much ti bout trifles. Thus he sinks lower and lower, disre gards Ills pergonal appearance, and, be cause he will alwa.vs show, or sham to show, a certain respect to his higher education, he tjeel--. the association of lower people-, lie thus hccomcii.ii scoun drel or criminal, and does not mind it, so long as he gets his cocaine. "It is extremely seleloin that he makes a trial fo free himself of the habit, main ly because he does not see any reason to elo so. Suicide lie never contemplate:! So long as lie can get his beloved (Irug." At the Smithsonian institution the writer was Informed that this drug pro duces a complete transformation in the mental processes of tome individuals. Victims of cocaine lose all moral scuac. Knowing right from wrong, I hey (tare not for moral "obligations. I'udcr the influence of tlie drug eminent lawyers lose allsein-i; of or regard for equity. They c.are nei't for the saue-tlons eif the law; Surgeons .wielel the "knlfo re gard IcsH.hf the fate of those who place their "liv.es- in jcopird,v em operating tables. 1'hysk-inns urgh-ct tr.i-isling p;i- tlcnts, or give -them diog merely .for purpose's of experiments-, without hu .fmne' regard for tlie-cffeotB upon Un lives of thos'c who lie helplessly in bed, irustln'g.ly believing. that their. med-icaj attendant mill, adviser is striving to prolong their lhcs." ThtiH'in hospital's crimes. ni'u com'mitted whlclrncver wcis Jhe' light of day; md the .criniinnls tliemvejves arc ttnst:specti,d;.nntil their subjection to tho eir'tig -laconics up. parent to nlliroupd"nnd about them." . ', , . - BiUTH D. JPV.TC, NOTES OF THE FASHIONS. tl'ttlntN Alioeit liitcc t'opiilierKy uf Clutji fur Full Outilouv o Wear. It would not sccni that there wero women eiioughju the world fo.wear or think ,of wearlnirjill the-beautiful and" expensive muchiiic'iiiudc laces now to be seen. Those exhibited are many of! them not yet in tlie country in bulk. They are samples from which the or ders an" given, and the laces sent on from France. Get-many presses Franco closely In her laecmaklng. She ha-i French pat terns and makes her lace with a less flue Mulsh, perhaps, bub with tlie advantage for the great multi tude of the uiirlch that they are lesa expensive and so more popular. With all the wonderful variety of patterns to be found, there is still a great cry atnong the modistes anxious for orig inal effects for something different. There are many stylish "all-over" laces with round dots half an Inoh in diameter jind with small conventional .figures that are to be made uplnorlg .inal ways this winter, tlie cream laco over white silk for waists. Many laces have patterns in chiffon set intonetiu black and in white- 'lMiere arc the ap pliqued and embroidered net and olio not in tlie trade could scarcely begin te name them all. There are' variations in so many ways of so ninny laces that it isdlflleult to tell t'other from which, and unfiles usee! In tjie trade make only u .necessary distinction and are beyond the grasp tif the multitude. Cloth is getting its innings In mora ways than one. It not only ornaments Bilk govv'hs now, but all the variations neeui fo have been used in the silks. It is used on hats more than ever before. White cloth forms the sole trimming' on some long-haired silky felt hatHwilh. the except Ion of tlie feather, ami it forms a part of the decoration on others. A handsome black cloth gown Is sim ply but effectively trimmed with bands of black hiit in stitched with white. A black taffeta gown that an urtlst up town is having made for fall outdoor wear, and which will hitcrmnkdi hand some house gown, is to be trimmed vyith, black cloth stitched with while. Sonic of the prettiest hats for com mon wear not of the sty lu of rough rjder or similar felt hats, which havo become somewhat wearisome even. when they are not distinctly unbecom ing, are t lie soft hats, small and turbau likc, made of folds of corded or stitched soft felt. These come in different col ors, and with a velvet foundation cost $2.r-i, niulnjl fclt,$a.25. The thinnest of gauze is made into long-noi-k scarfs anil edged with heavy; silk fringe. N. Y. Times. HOUSEHOLD BITS. Ileitis of liifiiriniilliiii AVIileli Mujr, lie r Uk- to (lie Ituxy lliitiKcvrirc. That wholesome nursery favorite, Brown Betty, may be varied occasional ly by substituting peaches for applet. Put a layer of buttered crumbs in tho bottom of the pudding dish, which should also be well buttered, and cover with a layer of peaeji quarters, (sprin kled with granulated sugar. Continue with the crumbs, peaches and sugar un til the dish is full, having the crumbs on top. Bake lialf an hour in a moder ate oven and hcrvo witli sweetened cream. A saddle of venison is the best for roasting. Larel it with stripes of firm, fat pork, halt and pepper and dredgo with flour. Itoast in a hot oven, basting frequently. Venison should be served r-uc and very hot. A. pretty conceit, for children's par ties is sponge cuke baskets, which may hold pclichcs anil cream or jelly, If pre ferred. The cakes arc baked in deep round geiii pans. When cold the cen ters are cut out with a sharp knife, leaving u half-inch roll of the cake. This is frosted outside and the rim decorated, with tiny candies or sugar aliuoui'ls. At tin- linen stores Bussian goods tiro among the novelties much, admired. Sideboard or bureau scarfs show wielo borders of drawn work with gcomctri eal patterns picked out in red, black and green. The drawn w6rk Is done, in checkerboard squares' and the thread are-covered witli red or. black to produce, the palti'i'ii. An cxi'cllcnt ciicilinber vviutli for thu complexion is made by heating f he juice. of fresh cucumbers to the boiling peiint, nkliuming and bottling. A tahlcspnnu ful of this juice adeicd to two table spoonfuls of water should be applied to the face night anil morning, letting it dry on. To clean Iron sinks rub well with n cloth wet In kcros'ene oil. After using the oil wash thoroughly with hot, soapy water. ' - . Ice platrs molded, for the purpose arc now frequently used In .serviifg Httla neck clauis.--Vaslili!gton Siar.. Sour ,11111; ('hiKri- MiiIIIiim. .Mix together one-half a cupful ohiio Itisses, oni'-.half ft teaspoonful of -'soda. Due-half teaspoonful of s'nlt, oiie'table-i-poonful of'grnger; oiicrhiilf cupful of sugar, "one hibh't-poonful of butter" (creamed)," one cupful of sour milk, iyv i-upfuis of flour with oiie-hftlf-toaeponi-f'uloUoda mixed in'lt. Beat well: greai-o ihuni'n pans; nearly fill with the bat ter. Bake HO. mir.uf-Js in a- modcraie. oven. -Philadelphia. Press. ' 1 Wk i.-.. i- , ,lJrt tuTi 11 1 " -fi' Iffltyi'lfci Jk&if-U"
