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About The Nebraska advertiser. (Nemaha City, Neb.) 18??-1909 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 14, 1896)
c: MnraiMMiii AGRICULTURALIIINTS. A SECURE COOLER. 11 nve tn Oimlrtiot iv Pivlry Itnfrlirorntor fUttlntuctnry In Hvni'y Way. The. es-sciiLluJ "or. a good refrigerator is dry air mid a low and even trmper jitiue. 1 the ice box Is placed right there, will hi; jv constant circulation of air in flui cooler (hat. will keep It dry mid cold when lend. The shelves In our cooler irv under (he lee box and hero butter will ice occupy one end of the room. Del ween (he Ice box and the utile of (lie room is n Hpneeof (en Inchon, nnd lirrc (he box Is but eight Inches SKCUIUi: MILK COOLKU. deep, as shown in (he cut. Of course, the ice bov inuat have a tight metal Door, hIoik1 l carry away the water through u pipe soldered in at one corner. The other side of (he ice box extends to within ten inches of the celling. , The current, of air is indicated by the nr jvmt. This penults the cold air to (Iron down Whind the shelves and pass over the butter. If it becomes warm it rises to the ceiling, (Inds Its way into the ice Tiov unit, after being chilled, again de iicends. To prevent the Ice falling over the eight-Inch side there should be some mIuIh nrrmigctl no as to throw any drip back into (he )nn. To regulate the -temperature bang a ten-Inch board in Mich a way that the ice box may be closed, er paitly closed, U- retard circu lation. Our refrigerator has an im provement rarely seen it Is lighted. The window consists of two sashes, vi(Ji..n'iiem1 air space between. 1). 1 Clark, Ikittcrmukcr for the Williams burg Crrjiaxu'rj', In Farm Journal. PRIVATE CUSTOMERS. Why Mr. Knckwnoil rrefurn Tliclr Truilo Ai Storu JltKliiOHH. T haw lie ml complaints front sonic who hnv.: tried furnishing butter to pri 'utc customers. They say their eus lomers are over particular and given to fault ihuliiig. In short, that it is more trouble to cater to their tastes than the butler ix worth. In all my experience I have not bad the least trouble in this respect.. Our customers all understand that if aimiy time a crock of butter does lint suit they are expected to return it it our expense atid it will lie replaced by another. 1 think it is no more than right that ;i jicrtioii paying such a price -for butter should get what they want, mid I have found none who are any more exacting JtAuin 1 should be under the cir cumsliuuyyj. i nmy ,UVl, i,(, jmr(i(.. ulnrly fortunate in obtaining unusually tlcyjruble customers, but certainly there "is no fault or complaint. In our eorre;xiMle!ice year after year, I have ever received most courteous treatment from both men and women. There has been nothing; which would indicate the ililfentnce, xodully speaking, between the, tviultliy .patron and the poor farmer's wiia, who auppMes them with theirdairy butter. We take great pama to niakt the butter look neat, and, al though butter in a crock does not ap lMar io the eye iu the way that printed butter floes, sonic dilVercnce is discerni lle. even erure. It is the practice of some bniier-innkers to tie bits of old muslin uver the butter. This is alto gether too wuggestive of its former M;riod or usefulness to please the fns tidioiiK xrson. It is better to buy patch-merit paper, which conies cut In circles v lit the di Ifcrept sizes of crocks, for thiK purpose; Tack the crock full to oerl!owing, (hen with a piece of wire cut oir ttw butter directly at the lop edge of JberoH'k. Ileum vc the surplus, place. ;i circle of (he parchment over it nnd enKWith down and see how neat it looks. In .summer sprinkle a layer of fie r,W. over the top to prevent the beat from melting the butter and soil ing the. paper. We buy new light yel low paper to tie over the outside and think it looks much better than old jiewKpajjcrs. The name and address was -formerly written on an express tag and -tied to the crock, but our express agent favor writing it upon the top with pen And ink, astbet-.igvnr liable loget torn olT :n transit. Always give full weight, nnd n little more if unylhing. When you nix getting big price for butter you can nltoitl to be generous. Mrs. 13. 12. JJockwood. In Kamners' Review. CurupoiHIoii of Fitloil t'liretto. Ulnny icople liave a somewhat vague Idea of the mode of making and enmpo ifitiou of tilled cheese. It is described to the coniiulltce at Washington as be in;,' a Hortof. lard cheese, without a par ticle ul buffer fat. In its mannf-iet tire 70 per cent, of Kklmmed milk, and 10 per ccuL. of neutral oil, made from hog leaf, or uiirendereil lard, Is used To this is nikled .certain coloring or tlavor injr matter, then the rennet Is p.i,t In, mud it is made into cheese. The just is npproxfmately 4ys cents a pound 10 manufacture- ' 5 -UJilVr t li rril A MARKED ADVANCE. Avcnimi Country Itimd Itrttor Now Than II Win u I'mv Visum Arc. At a recent public meeting not far from here a good dominie, rising to speak, prefaced his remarks by saying that then; ought to be added to lite litany an appeal like this: "From lum bago and newly worked roads, good Lord, deliver us." Hiding over the country at this season of the year the wayfaring man may well join the brother In this earnest petition; and if power could be given to the horse to speak as did that patient animal of n cred history iu Halnani's time such a chorus would arise as would dlsturl the dreams of the would-be legislator who play with the question of good roads at our slate capitals every win ter, and arouse them to a better sense of their duty In this respect than se-m? to Ii.'inc impressed itself upon them a yet. Still, It Is a far cry from the old way of working the roads with t lie plow and old-fashioned scraper to the mod ern well-made road machine. Save in some of the districts where men atill declare that there is no true way to Improve the roads except to turn up the mud and stones aong the side and haul them Into the track with a scraper, there certainly has been a marked ad vance within the last few years. It is true we have not yet learned to use the road machine as it should be used. Its capabilities arc not at present fully un derstood by all. A first-class machine In the hands of a good man will certain ly make a gooi road. It is not all of roadniakiug, however, to haul dirt, clods and stones into the highway. The machine must be followed up close ly by men with rakes to remove all loore stones, and they by teams to draw all these away. When thus made smooth, If the pike be made wide enough, the result will be a much better roan. The use of gravel is also growing in favor. Some of our worst pieces of road have been greatly improved by this means. The intelligent overseer will study Ids "beat" nnd the available material, then act accordingly, Road- making is an art just as much as that of building railways. When we coma to understand this, and that the better our roads are the more valuable our lauds, there will be less killing time when the season of the year conies to work out our tax. it is for the. interest of everybody to have good roads. We all use them and ought to take pride In maintaining them. Hut if we will not, and it seems to be a fact that soni" men can never be coaxed inlo looking out for their own interests in this mat-' ter, nor any other, in fact, then i am iu favor of giving the loads over to the ' state, so that everybody may be com-1 pel led to di his fair share town id keeping them up. I believe that the money system is the best of all. There might be some little jar were it intro duced at once; but that would soon pass away and in a short time none of us would be ready to go back to the old way. 12. 1,. Vincent, in N. Y. Tribune. TRAINING FRUIT TREES. KITuctlvo Cuinliltuttloii of i;puller "'" I'yriimlil Seen In llilf;liiiii. A correspondent of the London weekly called (iardening Illustrated writes as below: We might learn a lesson from the foreigner in the matter of training fruit trees on wires, as well as in the utilizing of what may be termed waste places by the sides of the railways. The annexed cut shows a combination of espalier and pyramidal training which might with advantage be adopt ed in English garden!. If planted Mt. ftwr.-, SNCY- &-&- m-&4ls- n .s..-t- . .1 i. w Kfty B oU.U- f U (IS , I- i ? !kr- - " -X "z?- .vr ON A HHLGIAN RAILWAY. by the sides of the walks, (he pyramids might be trained over, and so l'orni arches. This would be a most interest ing way of growing fruit trees, espe ciuly pears and apples planting ap ples to train on the wires (epaliers), and the pears to form the pyramids. ORCHARD AND GARDEN. A moss-covered tree cannot remain healthy. It is a mistake, to set fruit trees iu the garden. Moss on a tree affords a hiding place for insects. An application of whitewash is good to remove moss. As soon as the apples begin to fall from the trees it will be a good plnii to turn the hogs into the orchard. With raspberries and blackberries all canes that grow outside the direct line of the rows should be treated as weeds. A good rule in pruning Is to cut all dead or disabled wood and every brunch that starts out where it is not wanted as soon as seen. The rowing canes of raspberries and blackberries do better if they are kept fi oni becoming too tall, as they are usually inclined to do. Trees slnuld be so pruned while young that the necessity for cutting off large limbs will be avoided. St. Louia lvcpubllc.. THE FARMING WORLD. HANDY MILK COOLER. Jlwsry iiiKcnloim Diilrymiiii Can J'aslljr .Muloi Out) lit Home. It is essential that milkmen cool their milk before it leaves the farm, and If It be air-cooled It will keep longer and win a better name. A cooler of home manufacture (Fig. .'I) is a wooden frame, six or seven feet in height. The separate sides (Fig. !i) may be made of four strips, with as many crosspieces .is nec essary for stability (Fig. 1). A slight unevenness of Htrueture will not affect its usefulness If it but stand firm. The funnel (Fig. !), over which a cheese cloth strainer of many thicknesses is hung, rests iu the aperture at the top (a b c d). Cleats of wood arc nailed on three inner sides (g h I and j in Fig. i) of the frame to hold the tank which clears the Uoor several inches, or even u foot, according to the height of the frame. Thus the milk is given a fall of wo or three feet. The fourth side (f) is left open to admit the tank, which has a flaring rim, or a double strip of tin riveted around its upper edge, to catch on the cleats. The milk may be druwn 77171 nc 2 M.7 IIOMKMADK MILK COOLI2U. olT by means of a faucet, or it may he dipped from the tank (Fig. 0) into the cans. Movable steps (Fig. 5) are needed for an extra high frame, and any small boy can pour milk into the strainer-covered funnel and dip it into cans when milking is ovijr. Stand it out of rench of flying chaff and odors. Set the milk in a spring rather than on ice tne night's milk all night, the morning's an hour or more, as convenient. A spring, sheltered from the sun by a rude board house, or only shaded by trees, is better than any ice house. Sink a tub or box into the spring or running stream; or scoop it wider and wall it around with stone, not too deep for the cans to rest firmly on the foundation of stone. Where a spring is not available ice wator is a substitute. Ice carried in the milk cart, wedged between cans, helps ward off complaints of sour milk. Tin covers or stoppers (Fig. 7), with chimneys having perforated side.?, are Indispensable. Itinse both can and cover with lime water, strained, after cash ing. L. L. Trott, in Orange Judd Farmer. DAIRY SUGGESTIONS. One of the principal causes of but ter becoming rancid is the buttermilk con tained in it. l2veryone that buys milk fur family use ought to get that which contains four per cent, of fat. Hut much of the milk delivered to customers only shows three per cent. If the butter comes too hard for work ing and salting, because of the low tem perature at which it was churned, you can easily and quickly remedy it by wanning the washing water. One of the important il"ms iu mak ing dairying most profitable is to weed out all unprofitable parts. The average farmer cannot afford to fool with cows that do not have at least some desirable quality. Do not stop feeding the dairy cow as soon as she goes dry. (live her enough good food to steadily maintain a fair condition of flesh, and she will be all the better milker when she comes fresh again. If she is allowed to get thin in flesh, it will cost something to bring her up again. If but one or two cows are milker it is not inconvenient to feed grain st milking time, but with a herd it is very troublesome. Some cows will not "give down" except when eating a palatable mess. This is the fault of the trainer, and is a bad state of affairs. Hut. like all habits, there are ways of breaking it. To buy just the cows you wnnt is too expensive and hard to accomplish. Het ter raise them on the farm. Procure the the best milkers you can font founda tion, and then buy the best full-blooded butter sire you can Hud. Let him be at least two years old, and he will serve your purpose for four or five years. Column's Rural World. Keep tint I'lle Off Cow. When the eager, hungry Hies torment the cow and make her restless at milk ing time, do not vent epithets against the annoyed animal, nor punch herwiMi a stool, but take with you to the yard or stable a thin sheet to cover her back, a ad it sponge dipped into an effusion of tansy or wormwood in water, or moistened with kerosene oil, and rub it over the cow's legs. She will evince her gratitude in an unmistakable way, and the pail will be the gainer. Farm ers' Review. X2EF Cj GRAPE CULTIVATION. 11 nr to Curo for tin. lti' .So ui to So i.'iirii it l'n I r i'rollt. In an address before a New York farmers' institute, W. T. Tabor, of Lake View fruit farm, said on the above sub ject: First, wc shall properly grow the vino that it be vigorous and healthy, not an ovcrgiowth of cane by furnishing too much nitrogen in the form of stable manure, but with sulllcient potash and phosphoric acid to harden the cane nnd perfect the bud. Assuming that you are trimming your vines upon what ia known as the Knillln system with four arms, let me say to you that we have changed cur system so that we only use the two upper arms and grow all our grapes upon these arms. Why have we changed and what has been the remit? We observed Hint much the larger proportion of marketa ble grapes weie grown upon the upper arms, and as it was marketable grapes we wanted, we removed the lower arms. Now in oidcr to get the amount or quan tity necessary we left upon this single cam which ronstituted the arm upon each side of the. main vine a greater number of buds which distributed the new growth over more surface, pre venting the overcrowding of fruit upon the vine. We leave upon two arms 12 to 14 buds each. The summer pruning consists in re moving, after the fruit is set, the ding ers anil seconds and afterwards the lat erals, and clipping off the fruit-bearing shoots ni the third or fourth leaf beyond the fruit excepting one good cane near est the head of the vine, which is left for the fruit bcai ingenue for the next year. Wc also remove the poor clusters and never liae over three clusters upon a shoot, and usually two, and on some only one. There will then remain upon the vino from ;i5 to 10 or more clusters, and I think it will pay to remove still more, no', having o.'er 110 clusters to the vine, believing, as J do, that these ::( clusters, even if not averaging in weight over 20 pounds to the vine, will sell for more money than the -10 clusters weighing '2,'t pounds, and less expensive in market ing. 1 am after quality in place of quantity. What are indications of high quality and where do we Hud it? Like Ihu pencil, the rich bloom upon its surface is indicative of its quality and you find this bloom most perfectly developed upon the largest and finest clusters up on the vine. ly this muthnri of pruning each clus ter 1 uuigs in a natural position upon tho vine, independent of eacli other, are more compact in their structure and better developed in theirgrowth. I beliee there are other advantages that indirectly aid in perfecting Hie fruit. These are the free circulation of the air under the vines and fruit, tho clean surface of the ground affording no lodgment, for sporadic or fungous growths, also the case with which the vines may be sprayed, the rapidity with which the fruit may be gathered and the ease with which the surplus of growth may be removed in the winter pruning. FOR DRYING FRUIT. OoHcriptlon of un Hcuiintulciil Wuy of Cur ing (amen Fruit. Sun-dried fruit has a flavor that can not be approached by the evaporated, sulphur-bleached article. Hesides, sun drying is the most economical plan for curing green fruit, where but small quantities are prepared annually. Fruit exposed to the sun nnd air should, how ever, be protected from the flies. A convenient plan is shown in the cut. Two frames of inch-by-two-inch .stuff, of equal size, are covered with wire mosquito ncHing. On vie the fruit is spread evenly and thirdly, while tho other serves as a cover, the whole rest ing on a saw-horse frame, or upon four stakes driven into the ground with cross-pieces nailed to the tops. The air thus circulates up through the fruit, while flics and other insects have no chance to soil it. Two strips can be nailed across the bottom to support the weiirht noon it, if needed. Ameri can Gardening. w Mixture, for Killing Lire. The Arkansas station has discov ered a new mixture to kill lice on fowls and other animals. They call it kero sene extract of pyrethruin. One and a half gallons kerosene are oakirl through 2ya pounds of pyrethruin (Per sian insect powder), forming a yellow low, oily extract. Dissolve one pound of soap iu one gallon of the extract and churn till thoroughly emulsified. When using, mix one pint of thiseinulsion with four pints of water. This mixture com bines the properties of kerosene and py rethruin, and is said to be cheaper and more convenient than either. It is a splendid spray for either sucking or biting insects on plants or trees. With good management a butter farm should grow richer and richer. A ton of butter removes only about 50 cents' worth of fertilizing elements. .J v SCHOOL AND CHURCH. John i:. Parsons, of New York, the ugar magnate, will give a schoolhouso lo one of the suburbs of New York in memory of his children. It will cost flO.OOO. English schoolboys seem to be over conscientious. Two of them at Sutton, In Nottinghamshire, 12 years old, were eaught getting candy out of nn auto matic machine without inserting tlnj penny in the slot, when they went ott (o a pond, tied themselves with hand kerchiefs and drowned themselves. The Methodist Episcopal publish ing houses In Lucknow, Madras and Cal cutta are on n far more satisfactory basis now than ever before. They liuv'u invested in property nnd plant above all liabilities some STfl.OOO rupees. They arc in the beginning ofa great work for India's evangelization. Mr. Rowlands, Q. C, recorder of Swansca.who has just embraced Cathol icism, on graduating from Oxford be came a clergyman of the Church of England, then head master of a gram mar school, and in 1871 turned lawyer, was made a queen's counsel, entered parliament and later was appointed to the bench. Rev. F. W. Overbiser, formerly pan tor of the Uaptistchurch of Cold Spring, N. Y is now a machinist in the Hail Signal company's works at Garwood, N. .7. lie says he prefers working at his old trade, rather than be a burden on his relatives while waiting for a church to call him. He is making three times as much as he did when a pastor. The late George Munro was a most generous benefactor to Dalhousie uni versity in Halifax, and he was held in high esteem all through Nova Scotia, lie had given the university more than $300,000, and its special holiday, known as ".Munro day," was celebrated with enthusiasm by the students every year. Mr. Munro was himself an admirable classical scholar. Forty thousand Japanese have be come professed Christians through tins efforts of missionaries. Among these are many high in social rank and of th greatest intellectual power and influ ence. Independent in all things, thj Japanese now desire to direct the af fairs of the native churches themselves and are growing restive under the lead ership and control of mission boards. HOOF PARINGS A PANACEA. lllueUsinlth Tell Queer Tales of Sujior Htltloti Vernon and Dogs. What becomes of the purings from the hoofs of horses in blacksmith shops? A horseshoer who was nsked this question let his hammer fall on his anvil and told a reporter some queer things that dogs make away with most of the parings, which are esteemed a great delicacy in canine households; that n choice paring is a fancy tidbit which can be secured by the commonest dog if he be watchful and industrious. The glue in the paring is probably the part relished, the smith said. Negroes have a superstitious fondness for hoof parings. Some are sai 1 to carry a piece for good luck. Others use the parings to make decoctions for va rious diseases. An old white-haired ne gro, suA'ering with toothache, weui into a Grant avenue shop not long ago and Bald that if he could get some hor.su houf parings to smoke in his pipe he could cure his toothache. The black smith's helpers were ready to assist him, and being a waggish lotof fellows, they did even more than was expected. The old negro's pipe was filled with par ings, horse hair and other things that made the vilest smell imaginable when a match was touched to them. One of the helpers inhaled the smoke from a cigarette, which net the old negro im itated with his pipe. It was mo mentarily expected that he would col lapse, but he didn't, lie walked away, saying: "Young gem'lemen, I'm done cured; when yer get de toofache, jes smoke boss hoof." A story is told that gypsies tole away valuable dogs by occasionally dropping small paring wliich the dog finds anil eats. The animal continues to follow the gipsy until he is caught and carried away. Horse hoof parings are not the only thing in demand at; a blacksmith .shop. The scales which the smith hammers from the glowing metal are considered a valuable ingredient for medicines which negroes make. Iron scales and molasses boiled together are adminis tered for dropsy' and liver complaint. Housewives also mix the scales with the soil in which geraniums are planted. This is said to cause the blossoms to take on a much darker hue. Kansas City Journal. Jt AVim Trim. Late in the evening a report, spread through the train that we had as a fel low passenger a man worth $20,000, 000, who had got on at Huffalo. I made inquiry of the porter of my car, and he rt plied: "Dat's what (ley say, sab, but yo tan't alius tell. lie's in do next cab, but I can't dun say if he's rich 'till mawnin'." Next morning the porter beckoned me into the smoking compartment nnd mid: "Oat storv was all true, sah." "Then he's worth $20,000,000, eh?" "All of dat, sah, an' niebbe mo'." "Row did you find out?" "From de odder po'tah, 'sah. Do gemlan has jest gin him ten cents, while everybody else baa cum down wid a quarter!" N.Y. World. i m wBL ml fly A 1 K k