mm amehcm TfiofiouGraDS
PBOMIISEN 1 Pf OILL
UNCLE SAM'S MAN IN CHINA
era of racing stables as among thnt ,1 Wl fesT H S
largo and increasing percentage of IB . ffflP'W ' ' J 7 F - rto$? .
tho public thnt has moan3 and lncllna- U Vf' '-,. ' WSfM ISS A-HfeBM U fomWSW ' -'fciSB
tlon ot keep fine riding horses. Nov I'3 Yif V, 1$3 f M W'SOTb Jl T&FOVT
ovon tno voguo of tlio nutomobtlo T 5f Bp ,;v -i
sconiB to have dampened the onthnsl- 1 V J' r K f1-- "'," J
asm of thoso -cross-country riders and V ' ". X t Mm .' W -'
liuntera and polo players who demand ; , A ftS- ' 3 '-, - fx??5 m ' a
and aro willing to pay for special V " "'v.l Hf 1 x '-&!Jw.tr
Qualifications In horso-llosh.
The roader will, of course, under
stand that tho term thoroughbred, as
hero used, refers to running horses.
There aro persons who aro under tho
Impression tluit tho
high-class Amer
ican trotter has as
much right as the
running horso to
designation as a
thoroughbred, but
In strictly correct
usage horsemen
refer to tho fluo
trotters as "stan
dard bred" and re
servo tho first
mentioned t o r m
for tho runners
tho hunters nnd
-
L ' m jumv xjirrpi or
J'irW J?XJTI7PZ
the "tlmbor-toppers," as tho Jumping horses requi
site for cross-country riding aro designated.
The modern American thoroughbred, as wo boo
him at our present day race meetings and horso
shows, is tho product of four centuries of breed
ing, training and experimenting. Tho ancestors
of tho present numerous equine family wero
brought to Virginia by tho early English settlers
and Virginia and adjacent parts of tho South
have always been famous as tho breeding ground
of thoroughbreds. However, much of tho breed
ing of thoroughbreds which Is nnd has been dono
1:-. this favored region has been carried on for
lovo of the task rather than for financial returns.
Thero Is a wide difference between American
thoroughbreds and those brod In other notable
horse-raising sections (for Instance, Ireland), but
it would bo difficult to find nn American horse
man who will not arguo up and down that tho
Yankee steeds aro as lino examples of all-around
training nB may be found nnywhoro on tho globo.
Tho Americnn thoroughbred Is admittedly shorter
than hlB English prototypo, but It Is claimed that
this lack of stature Is moro than counterbalanced
by soundness and superior constitution.
Horsemen In tho United States and in tho
United Kingdom hold to different Ideals In breed
ing that are bound to bo rellccted by certain dis
similarities In the animals produced. In Amorlca
tho tendency has been to develop thoroughbreds
that will run comparatively Bhort distances at
maximum speed, whereas in England greater at
tention is bo8tpwcd upon tho problem of breoding
horscB that will run long distances and will carry
weight. It Is to bo expected that with tho pass
ing of racing as tho supremo field of usefulness
for the American thoroughbred there will be a
tendency on tho part of Ynnkoo breeders to moro
nearly approach tho English standard, which la
supposed to produce horges Ideal for prlvato use.
Tho breeding of thoroughbreds In Amorlca ban
been carrlod on most extensively In tho States
of Virginia. Kentucky, California, Montnnn, Penn
sylvania, Tennessee, Now York and Now Jersey.
Tho principal requisites aro nn equable climate,
good soil with a foundation of limestone, plentiful
wnter nnd an abundance of sweet grass. Thero
aro yet In exlstenco mnny brooding farms of mod
est protonslons, but tho tendoncy of recont years
appears to bo to create vast ostntoB whoro wealthy
men specialize In tho breeding of thoroughbreds
by aid of every facility that money nnd thought
can provide In Kontucky a few years ago eight
old-fashlonod stock farmB wero mergod by a
mllllonalro Into ono vast brooding estato of fully
two thousand acres.
Experienced hreedors flguro that It costB not
loss than $225 to ralso a thoroughbred yearling
at an up-todnto stock farm and this sum merely
3WL GPJUw covers cost of feed
J3I?DmCJ FJIPtt nnd iabor and takes
no account of tho investment repre
sented by tho stock fnrm usually a
heavy one. Thero aro breeders who
declare that unless they can sell each
of their yearlings for n price closo to
$500 they do not mako n reasonnblo
profit, but In tho South, whoro labor
Is cheap and whero tho initial coBt of
much of tho land wns fairly low, It
is posslblo for breeders to mako
money from sales at lower figures
than that mentioned.
Tho organization and management
of an up-to-date brooding farm Is In
teresting from tho manner In which It
insures nttontion to detail. The own
er of tho fnrm 1b usually his own man
ager, but In somo instances thoro Is
also a resident manager to handle
matters when tho owner is absent
as ho must bo much of tho time If
ho atetnds tho fairs, horso shows and
horse sales. Under tho mannger aro a number
of skilled trainers, each of whom Is responsible
for tho education of a certain number of horses,
and haB tho assistance of several helpers In his
work. In addition to this staff thero Is a boss or
foreman for each barn nnd under each barn
boss Is enrolled a number of grooms, exercise
boys, etc. At somo of tho costly fnrms In Vir
ginia nnd Kentucky wo find every modern facil
ity from a prlvato electric light and power plant
to feed cutters that not only take tho grain from
tho prlvato olovator and crush it, but mix tho
feed In nny desired proportions.
The education of a thoroughbred at n modern
r
stock farm begins very enrly In Hfo
und is very thorough. However, care
ful handling is requisite, for n major
ity of tho foals are decidedly flhy.
When the ago of ocvcnorolght months
is attained tho avorngo young thor
oughbred Is sufficiently broken to un
dergo a preliminary trial. As a year
ling he la subjected to further tests,
but it la not until
tho animal la well
into the second
y o a r that the
breeder determines
whethor tho youg
stor gives promlso
of a turf career or
Is better adapted
to Borvlco na a
roadster or a
mount for tho
huntsman. Sales
of yearlings aro
usually held in
midsummer nnd
thero Ib seldom nny
dearth of bidders
for tho cqulnes
from brooding
farms which have been awarded blue ribbons in
tho past.
At all times it la csscnttnl for tho breeder or
owner to keop a sharp watch regarding tho health
of his blooded equlnos. Partlcualrly closo watch
must needs bo kept aa to tho condition of tho
mouth, legs nnd foot of each anlmnl. It Is ob
vious thnt a horse cannot ent properly nnd be
adequately nourished If ho has a soro mouth,
just as ho cannot run satisfactorily if his feet
aro In bad condition or tho shlna aro "bucked"
tho bugbear of two-year-olds. Training a thor
oughbred for racing Involves, of course, speclnl
Instruction quite nsldo from anything Included In
tho animal's education nt tho breeding farm, but
for that matter every step in tho Hfo of a young
thoroughbred taxes tho temper of tho nervous,
high-strung anlmnl. And tho men in chnrgo of
ono of theso cquiifcs must show judgment nnd
patience in Introducing u four-footed charge to
each new experlcnco ovon though It bo some
thing so slmplo as Initiation Into tho mystorlcs
of a box-stall or tho donning of a blanket for tho
first time.
SInco the decadence of racing In tho Unltod
States a number of Americnn mllllonnlrea who
breed thoroughbreds primarily In order to sup
ply their own. racing stables have transferred tho
sceno of their nctlvitlea to tho Old World. Thoro
aro several In England; qulto a few in Franco and
a number In Ireland, whoro Illchnrd Crokor, for
mer Tnmmany lender, Is among thoao who hnvo
established Important breeding farma. With most
of these wealthy meg, however, breeding la n
fad. Tho men who breed thoroughbreds for a
livelihood contlnuo to do business nt tho old stand
In America nnd most of them obtain satisfactory
profits for their efforts.
THE RUINATION OF SAM BUD
STORY OF A MAN WHO MIGHT HAVE LIVED HAPPILY IF HE HADN'T HAD
, 80 MANY RELATIVES.
oo..o
In tho present critical Chlncso situa
tion It Is reassuring to know thnt tho1
very heart nnd bralnu of America's
China policy Is now on guard In tho
capital of that nation In tho person oC
Edward Thomns Williams, secretary
of tho American legation nt I'eltln, and
charge d'nffnircs during tho visit homo
ot Minister Calhoun for conference
with tho heads of tho strtto depart
ment Mr. Williams Is n specialist In tho
history and languages of China, nnd
on familiar terms with Us statesmen.
It Is common roport in tho Innor cir
cles of dlplomncy thnt nil tho nstuto
moves which blocked Japan nnd Rus
sin in Manchuria, maintained tho open
door policy of John Hay, and prevent
ed tho dlsmombcrmont of China have
boon of Wllllnma' dovlslng whon he
was "Chinaman" of tho stato doparU
ment.
Tho famous "four-nation loan" ot
$50,000,000 was tho cloverost bit of di
plomacy that tho far east has witnessed for n generation, und wna only mado
posslblo through tho Intlmato understanding of onstom conditions nnd ilnoaso
which Mr. Williams possessed. Japan nnd Uusala hud burled tho hat
chot nnd secretly Intended to work their own will In Mnnchurla.
Tho howl that camo from tho Jnpanoso nnd Uusslnn pross wan not ox
nctly n psnlm of rejoicing. Publicly nnd officially, however, after a rather
embarrassing delay, tho two governments gnvo their formal nssont to
tho loan, tholr foreign offices mennwhllo scratching their heads for ways of
thwarting tho gamo ot these umphl blessed YnnkcoB.
Mr. Williams was born in Ohio, nnd served na a missionary In China for
ten years, obtaining n perfect commnnd of tho language, and nn equal knowl
edge of Chlncso character. At Shanghnl ho wns interpreter for tho Americnn
consulate nnd translator for tho Chlncso government, nftorwnrd acting as sec
rotary of tho American legation at Peking from 1901 to 1008.
LOEB MAY BE CHAIRMAN
I kin remember when th' only feller that had
a suit caso wuz some dudo with two sets o' scen
ery that attended all th out-o'-town dances. Now,
over' ono you meet, Hunynka an' all, has a suit
case an' Is goln' somo place or jlst glttln' back.
Ever' tfmc I rend about somebuddy rcturnln'
homo after "a delightful two weeks' visit," or see
a olo battered up pasteboard suit case, I think o.'
Sam Bud's fate.
Sam Hud got married long hoforo ho begun t'
shave, an' ho never seemed nblo t' find anything
t' do nt homo that Jlst Bulled him. Ho was alius
talkln' about "acccptln a position," nn' whon ho'd
go 'way t accopt it ho'd alius come back an say,
"Aw, they didn't wnnt f pay nothln. Ho didn't
want a Job with waxes or ho didn't even want
a situation. Ho wanted a light position with a
good salary. Nobuddy know what ho wanted t'
do for ho couldn't do nothln'.
Ilia relatives got kind o' tired o' him nftcr ho
fooled nround eight er nlno years, an' I guess he
noticed It, fer ono day ho took his golden onk
drosBor an' four chairs, a plaid husk mnttress nn'
a blue ennmol bedstoad up by th' livory utablo
an' sold 'om at auction an' him nn' hla wlfo lit out.
Nothln' wuz heard o' em for nearly ten years.
When ono day Pinky Korr found a olo city paper
in a empty egg caso. Th' fust thing ho read wuz
this: "Whllo Samuel Hud, a wealthy an' prominent
manufacturer, wuz crossln' WiiBhln'ton street
Tuosdny ovenln' he wuz struck by a tourln' car
an' taken t' Ills homo at 10757 North Morldlan
street. Ho wuz not seriously Injured,
Sam Hud, wealthy manufacturer 1 Jlst think
o' ltl An' Hvln' on th North sldo, too. That wuz
enough for his kin folks.
So ono ovenln Sam Ilud went homo ho found
his vcrandy covered with relatives an' th' hall
full o' suit cases. Weeks went on nn' they kept
comln' an' goln. Ever fow days a now family
group appeared. Sometimes It wuz Undo Jim
nn' his family. Ho'd bring a 40-cent dressed hen
nn' they'd all stay two weeks; then Aunt Lido
nn' th' girls would como with a pound er two
o' pulo butler nn' say, "Now, Ellle, don't-you go
t no trouble on our account. Th Lord knows wo
hain't used to much; then Cousin Hill would
jlat happen t' bo in th' city an' ho'd say, "Now,
Sam, remember, jio didoes. I kin cat anything
you kin;" then Sum's father would drop nlong
with ono side of his suit caso full o Early Itoso
pertaters an' th' other aide full o' socks enough
t' run him a month. Ho nllus mixed business with
pleasuro an' when he wasn't out t' th' stock yards
ho'd set on th vorandy In his stockln' feet an'
watch th' nutosgo by.
Th' relatives kept comln' till Sam had t' soil
his interest in th' factory an' go t' bookkoopln'
Thon his big home went next an' ho routed a
lint an' had t' put In foldln' furnlturo an' cots.
Ever'butldy from th' olo town lookod Sam up
an' brought him hickory nuts nn' sorghum nn
pawpaws an' remained over.
Ono Snturdny ho returned homo after puttln
a delegation o' homo folks on th' lnterurban an
fell Int u easy chair an picked up th' dally paper.
Purty soon his wife, who wuz peolln' somo turnips
In th' kitchen, heard a mulllcd roport. Itushln
int' th' room Bho found Snm Inyln on th' floor.
In his hand wuz a cllppln' from th' papor sayin':
"Tho Stale Orango will moot In this city next
week." Abo Martin, in Indianapolis Nows,
It is tho generally expressed opinion
among wlso polltlcInnB that If Presi
dent Tnft is renominated aa tho candi
date for tho presidency on tho Repub
lican ticket Collector Loob, of Now
York, will bo chairman of tho Ro
publican National committee.
Tho Btory of tho rlso of William
Locb Jr., is ono of hard work, nn tin
conquernblo determination to succeed,
backed by a lovo for tho political
gamo, comblnod with keen itiBlght Into
charnctor.
. Mr. Loob Is of German descont. Tho
straitened llnanclnl clrcumstancos
of his parents forced him to lonvo
school beforo ho had finished tho
courso nnd prohibited nny thought ot
a collcgo education. lo took up tho
Btudy of law, but finding that slow and
unprofltnblo ho ntudlcd stenography
botweeu times nnd later branched out
into shorthand reporting.
From tlio Btart ho waa Interested in
politics and worked hard for his dis
trict chief. In 1888 ho was so well known In locnl politics at Albany thnt ho(
Buccccdod In having lilmsolf, appointed official stenographer ot tho assembly.!
Tho making of Mr. Locb, howovor, occurred shortly after tho election ot
Col. Roosevelt na governor.
As president, Col. Roosevelt rellod largely on Mr. Loob's ndvlco.
SPENDS NIGHT IN PRISON
After Bpondlng n night in prison to
obsorvo tho condition of tho convicts
to invcstlgato conditions thero, Gov.
U. W. Hooper has announced that tho
stripes should como off nil but tho
worst prisoners in tho spring nnd that
thereafter tho ntrlpcB should bo used,
only as n means of punishment. Aa
soon na tho now chaplain took chargo,,
ho stated, schools would bo startod.
As a result of his Investigation tho
Issued pardons to 2G prisoners na.
Christmas gifts. During tho night ho
Bpcnt In tho penitentiary ho minglodi
;wlth tho convicts nnd learned fronu
many of thorn tho Btory of tholr lives.-'
"Tho prison," ho afterward said, "is
a torrlblo placo however humnno tho
mnnngomont nnd conditions. Honato
foro Tenncssoo has thought of only
two things in connection with tho
stato prison. Ouo wna to got .somp
ono Into tho penitentiary, nnd tho oth
er to get him out. It shall bo my pur
poso to roform convicts nnd turn thcmi
out bettor citizens.
Gov. Hooper understands tho under Bldo of Hfo. Ho wns born in .Newport
and na n child wna a waif on tho otroets of Knoxvlllo, nameless, answering
only when somo ono called "Hen," knowing nothing or his parontngo and
penniless. Ho roamed tho streets of tho city selling papors until Bomo onoi
attracted by his brown hair and bright eyes picked him up and placed him In,
nn orphanage. Later a physician of Nowport, Dr. L. W. Hoopor, took hlmt
into his homo nnd gnvo him his own name u namo to which, by tho way,
ho wus entitled.
SMOOT BACKS WOOL FIGHT
Senator Reed Smoot, of Utah, ono
of tho most unrolontlng reactionaries
In public life, la to dlroct tho adminis
tration tariff on tho floor of tho Unltod
States senate
Thnt Smoot la to bo tho administra
tion spokesman in tho contest over
tho revision of tho wool schedulos,
nround which tho entiro- tnrlff discus
sion will cantor, la a matter of koon
satisfaction to tho woolen manufactur
ers of tho country In gQiioral and to
tho directors of tho so callod woolon
trust In particular.
Smoot, a member of tho poworful
Sennto Flnanco commlttoo, had hla
training for tho Important part ho has
been doBlgnntod to play during this
nosBlon, under tho tutolngo of formor
Sonntor Nolsou W. Idiich.
Tho Mormon church, of which Smoot
is nn npostlo, is undoratood to ho Intor
ostod in tho manufacturing as well as
tho ahoop raising end oP tho wool In
dustry. This bill, as Washington now
rccognlzos, was a roductlon In tho oxtortlonnto woolon rntes fully Justified
tho light of tho tariff board report ftst filed with congress.
to
