MANY EXCELLENT QUALITIES
PORTABLE COLONY HOUSE IS
OF PURE-BRED JERSEY COW
ducks.
RAPIDLY BECOMING POPULAR
That weod right in tho hill is your
worst enemy.
Reasons for Claim That Animal Is Superior to All Others
Principally Used Scattered About Farm Without Yards
Tho fnrmor is not much different
Is Her Ability to Prodaco Butter and Chccso Eco
nomically and Records Mado In Many
Tests Gives liar Reputation That
Is Indisputable.
, Chickens Being Given Free Range During Summer
During Winter Houses May be Broughiv
' Nearer Farm Buildings Fresh
Air Is Essential.
from anybody elso.
Homo-grown plants aro much su
perior to bought plants.
Ulro what mon you neod early.
It is very difficult to tell tho ago of
7h
You want a quick fertilizer for po
tatoes, Tho applo trco borer. U a trouble
eotno worm.
Oct ready tho lamb creep so they
can got a good start.
Wood1 charcoal should always bo
kopt In tho hog pen.
A small threshing outfit on tho nv
erago farm will not pay. s
Let tho grass got n good start bo
foro turning tho stock on It.
Tho las of May is plenty early
enough to turn tho calf out on grass.
Working out buttermilk and work
ing In Bait Is whoro tho overworking
is dono.
The borer is tho most common and
it is tho most troublosomo enemy of
tho poach.
It la a good plan to liavo tho horses
and cows cloan up tholr mangers aft
er each food.
Havo grass paddock for tho calves
bo they can graze at will and havo tho
exerclsb they need.
A farm raisod cow is much superior
In most ovory respect to tho ono
bought at tho cattlo yards.
Don't forgot tho llttlo ducks In caso
of a shower, for If you do ono will
bo apt to havo dead ducks.
Belgian or yellow carrots aro hardy,
mako largo root growth and aro tho
best roots for horses and colts.
Tho most inhuman measures are
often omployed for "breaking up" hens
that nature prompts to set when their
owners don't want them to.
Grading of cream is receiving moro
.attention by tho dairy press and dairy
men than it possibly ever Ijas in tho
nlstory of tho dairy business.
In squabs the flesh Is whitish, as
seen through the skin, but in a yenr
old bird it takes on a light purplo
shado and grows darkor with ago.
Trim the young treo in tho orchard
right from tho start Low-headed
trees aro best; thero-foro, prune from
tho top down and not from tho bottom
up.
u has noon snown repeatedly on
demonstration farms that disking be
foro plowing is ono of the most paying
operations in tho preparation of a
seed bed.
vVhon tho calf is two weeks old
mix ono teasnoonful of linseed meal
and oiio teaspoonful of flour mid
dlings, which should bo thoroughly
scalded in each feod.
Seeds of cauliflower, cabbage, let
tuco, celery and tomatoeB, sown in tho
cold frame about tho middlo of Jthls
month will furnish good, stocky plants
lor tho principal early summer crop,
Tho litters of a gilt, which is tho
first littor of a sow, aro usually
smaller and slower in growth than
when tho dam is of moro mature ago,
hence much profit must not bo ex
pected.
Cold frame plants aro often bettor
,than plants raised in tho hotbed, as
they aro stouter, thick stemmed and
havo moro flno fibrous roots and aro
less liable to wilt when set out in
tho open ground.
Whoro prices are too low to feed
young pigs for porkors, it Is hotter to
sell them for sucking pigs, although
this plan Is seldom resorted to owing
to the better prices which are obtain
able for the former.
August is nono too early to decide
which plants shall bo taken into the
window garden and their treatmont
from tho time of the decision should
bo such us will ilt them to mako a lino
display during tho winter, rather than
get tho finest prcsont showing.
In tho nowor mothods adppted In
some of tho largest dairies tho milk
is not touched by tho hands of tho
workers from tho timo tho cows aro
automatically milked with a maehlno
to tho tlmo tho fluid is placed in bot
tles ready for delivery.
In tho flower garden bow sweet
peas outdoors just as oarly as possible,
It is important to get them in early,
becauso the moro growth mado In cool
weathor, tho moro flowers thoro will
be. Thoso from lato-plantod seeds aro
not nearly so successful.
Cattlo will never do well Jn the
samo pasturo wlth sheep.
Land Intended for enrlntr crops
Bhould bo plowed in tho fall.
Havo tho holes for tho trees to bo
removed dug wido and deep.
Squab raising seems to bo a fa
vorite occupation with suburban peo
ple. .
Largo trees should bo taken- up
when tho earth is frozen around tho
root3.
' A farmer can toll tho valuo of corn
stover without making any sorlous
mistake.
Land intendod for roots should bo
plowed as scon as tho ground is dry
enough to work.
Mix poultry droppings with an oqual
quantity of flno earth, and put ono
handful to tho hill.
As soon as tho calf learns to e'at
hay, placo ono handful of whole oats
In tho food box onco a day. "
A beautiful hedge Is mado by using
zinnias In tho back row, thon calllop
bIh with white phlox as a border.
Mangles and sugar boots aro tho
host rdots to grow for cattlo, shoop
and pigs, and Belgian carrots for
horses.
Asters can bo planted in rows of
whito and lavender, with very pleasing
results, provided tho oamo kind is
used in each row.
Young turkoyB usually havo black
feet, which after two years turn grny
and dull, nnd becomo paler and moro
sickly ns ago advances.'
Surplus suckers In blackberry or
red raspborry patches should bo treat
ed Just like weeds; don't lot tho rows
got too Wido nor too thick.
Hons in good health having access
to tho dust bath will usually keep
freo from lice. Tho house should bo
swept clean every morning.
In most all branches of business
competition is generally recognlzod as
a groat stimulant, but In tho creamory
. i ' . ,
uusiuess n iiua ucun overuono.
Tho, storekeeper who keeps eggs In
his cellar from n week to a month
needs to bo looked after; Eggs should
bo shipped along as fast as' possible'.
Lot tho calk suck tho cow ,a fow
days; this milk is not fit for human
feed and is what tho calf needs to
cleanse tho bowels and tone up tho
system.
It la saldu . that naval oranges
sprung from a single tree that was
found growing on tho northern shore
of the Mediterranean sea, nearly' 350
years ago.
In dipping pigs groat care must bo
oxerclsod to cover every part of his
body from tail to snout. If a patch as
big as a thumb nail is left untouched
It may contain tho nuclus of a now
crop.
Look well after tho water. Keep It
always before . tho fowls, pure nnd
cloan, and ronow It froquontly, Do
not allow thorn to oat snow. Do not
let them drink water grown topid In
the Bun.
Moro insects will bo killed in a
greenhouse if fumigating apparatus
bo placed near tho roof bo that tho
fumes will descend, rising , vapors
leaving tho lower part of a houso par
tlally fumigated.
In careful tests mado at tho sovoral
stations it Is found that there la llttlo
or no difference in the feeding valuo
of tho dry matter of roots and ensi
lage and tho gonoral opinion is in
fayor of the allago.
Honey is tho purest and tho least
harmful of sweets. Tho honey crop
Is mostly gain, for no flowers need
noccssarlly bo raised to pasture tho
boos. They aid in tho fertilization of
fruit trees and tho smaller clovers.
Hog cholera Is estimated to havo
been tho causo of Iobbbs of over $2,.
000,000 to farmers of Illinois, but In
tho future this loss will be greatly low
ored, It Is firmly believed, now that
Borum 2b being manufactured and imod
extensively, says the Swtno Breeder.
-
By far tho best way to uso manuro
for grain is to Bproad and mix it with
the aoll before drilling; tho best way
to top-dress the grain early In tho
fall, and tho third best during tho win
ter, when ground Is dry enough to haul
over.
Clay Is called a hoavy soil and sand
a light soil. This 'does not refer to
weight, howoVor. Light nnd heavy
as applied to soils aro terms which
refer to thn caso or difficulty with
which they can be plowed or cultivated.
Prize Winning
After a lifetime spont In learning
tho business of kcoplng cown I do not
hosltato to say to tho young man
roared on a farm: "Farm; and If
you farm, keep stock; and If you keop
stock, keep cows; and If -you keep
cows, keop Jersey cows," writes II. S,
Chapman In tho Breeder's Gazette.
Of course, I ndd to this, "If you keop
Jersey cows, keep registered Jorsoy
cows. My reasons for maintaining
that tho Jorsoy cow is suporior to all
others as a butter cow aro as fol
lows:
Her ability to produce butter and
:hecso economically stands undisput
ed. Her record in many public tests,
Including tho Chicago, St. Louis and
Portland expositions, has gtven her
tho reputation, cnviablo and indisput
able, of being tho world's greatest but
ter cow.
Tho extra slzo of tho fat globules in
Jorsey milk renders tho buttor of
superior grain nnd firmness and moro
easily separated from tho cream.
Tho Jersey cow haB tho function of
assimilation developed to a greator
degrco than any other breed. Sho la
a high-grade specialist as a feeder.
Sho will glvo profltablo roturns from
a ration so rich (concentrated) that
other cows can not nsslmllato It. It Is
this ability to stand force-feeding that
has brought tho Jersey out ahead in
bo many public tests. This is a merit
of tho Jersey that can profitably bo
taken advantage of in a working dairy
herd. In tho herd in which tho rais
ing of stock is tho primary" considera
tion I would keep a little closor to na
ture, oven at tho risk of surrendering
to some extent tho morltorlous quali
ties that artificial conditions havo pro
duced. Superiority In numbers makes tho
Jersey a moro practical animal than
her rivals. Tho animal that naturally
Is matched against tho Jersey Is tho
Guernsey. Thq Guernsoy has her
good points and doubtless merits tho
friends sho has won. If you llko
Guernseys better than Jerseys, that
may bo a reason why you may succeed
bettor with them. I am frank to ad
mit that my personal preferenco for
Jerseys doubtless has been a factor in
my success with JerBoys. But Betting
asldo personal likes and dlsllkcB, It is
far easier for tho beginner to start
with Jersoys, because bo many moro
bulls of that breed aro kopt than of
Guernseys. Consequently, thoro Ib far
less oxcuso for inbreeding, and the
breeder easily can find tho bloodlines
that ho needs In his herd without tho
expenso of frequently buying a bull.
Another point In favor of tho Jorsoy
cow Is her medium-small sizo. Ex
periments havo proved that It rc
quires about 2 pounds of balanced
VESTIBULE IN THE HOG HOUSE
ft
An Iowa Hubscrlbor, Mr. Horaco
Carter, sonds tho following suggestion
to tho Homestead, which Involves tho
uso of a vestibule in a hog house In
cold weathor. "Many hog houses aro
mado very cold in winter through hav
ing a door left open for the hogs to
go in and out and oven la case a swing
door is usod tho wind will blow
through. All draft is shut off by
moans of a vestlbulo constructed as
follows: Placo a small shod 3x5 feet
In front of tho door to tho hog houso.
This can easily be removed la warm
Jersey Cow.
ration por day to sustain each 10Q
pounds of an animal's llvo wolght;;
tho dairy products and gain In llvo
woight aro mado from what feod can
ho assimilatod In excess of tho sua;
talnlng rntlon. Then If tho 000-pound,
cow will produce nB much dairy prod
uct In 10 years as will tho 1,400-pound
cow, enn wo afford to carry this extra!
500 pounds of llvo wolght for a term
of 10 years at a cost of 36,600 pounds
of feed, Just for tho extra C00 pounds
of poor beef wo would havo at tho end
of that time?' Just tho item of extra
cost of barn room for tho larger ani
mal for tho 10 years would overbal
ance tho valuo of tho extra amount of
beef. However, If thoro is such a
thing as a practical dual-purposo cow
it is to bo found in somo of tho fam
ilies of largo Jerseys.
Tho popular demand for largo cowa
made It necessary for mo to carry a
family of largo Jerocys during the
last 20 years. This family of cows
welghod from 1,200 to 1,300 pounds
each, but in our families of Bmallor
cowb wo had a far greator proportion
that would mako 2 pounds of buttor
por day, and they would do it on less
feed.
Last but not least in this brief sum
ming up of tho most salient excellen
cies of tho Jersey, I placo her beauty,
No other member of tho wholo bovine
family can for a moment comparo
with her. Sho Is tho prettiest cow
thero 1b. Her prominent oyo and ox-
prcsslvo countenance, togothor with
hor alert, drcss-pnrado attitude, win
for her tho admiration of all lovors of
tho beautiful. Hor capabilities in
point of looks aro so great that it real
ly has to bo admitted that in'Bomo
families beauty has been cultivated at
tho expense of cither and moro lm
portant characteristics.
The Care of Lambs.
At eight to ten days of ago lambs
will begin to cat. At that tlmo n
creep Bhould bo built which will givo
them access to a feed box containing
grain and a trough with hay.' Box,
trough and feed should always be kept
sweet and clean.
A good grain ration for lambs la
mado as follows: Mix one-third part
of ollmeal with ono part each of bran,
oats and flno cornmeal. Red alfalfa
hay or tho second cutting of alfalfa
hay aro tho most doslrablo form of
roughage. Of tho two alfalfa Ib to bo
much preferred.
It 1b a Good idea to keop up the
grain feed right along until tho lambs
aro sent to market. By bo doing tho
lambs aro kept fat all tho time and
aro ready to bo turned Into ensh on
short notice should the market tako a
sudden rise.
weathor and used for several wintora
Tho doors aro made of old carpets or
burlap or any old cloth bnndy with a
strip of wood on tho bottom to keop it
straight. Hogs will very readily loam
to pass through them. In teaching
them pin ono side of tho curtain up
leaving a small holo, and after awhllo
tbo curtain can bo let down entirely
and they will go through Just tho
oamo. The curtains may bo mado to
serve two purposes by keeping them
saturated with coal oil or aome dip
for lice.
mm
Tho colony houso is becoming very
popular with tho poultrymcn of to
day, cither exclusively or used In con
junction with tho ordinary stylo poul
try house.
Tho colony houso, as tho namo im
plies, Is principally usod scattered
about tho farm without yards, tho
chickens boing given freo tango dur
ing tho summer.
in tho winter and spring tho houses
nro brought nearer tho farm buildings
and used with yards us brood coops
or brooding pona, writes E. P, Barry
in tho Town nnd Country Journal.
Tho portablo colony houso is Jised
quite extensively by tho villager, and
for raising chickens or keeping a
family flock on tho rear of a city lot
they cannot bo excelled, especially
when tho tenant is a renter, as they
may bo knocked down nnd moved as
readily as any of tho houso furniture.
Tho cssoutlnl requirements of a
chicken houso nro plenty of light,
frcBh air, proper ventilation, and that
it should bo vermin proof. Anything
short of thoso primary requirements
will result In loss. The building of
makeshift coops In ordo'r to savo a
dollar Is fnlno economy.
As the deep litter method of feeding
Is very deslrnble, especially In stormy
weather nnd during tho winter- tho
-r- sr-s r
An Ideal Portable
houso Bhould bo light bo tho chickons
con easily boo to scratch for grain
ocattorod In tho littor.
Fresh air chicken houses nro being
rocognlzod as tho best for uso in any
cllmato and tho expert poultrymcn of
today havolong Blnco dono away with
artificially heated housoo, no attempt
bolng mado to ralso tho tomporaturo
oxcoptlng In very cold clImnteB whero
a curtuln is somotlmos usod in front
of tho roosting room. Open front
scratching shed coopa nro tho ordor
of tho day.
Propor voutllatlon Is practically as
sured with an opon front houso shield
ed, in stormy weather, by muslin
curtains. Tho closed houso with
ventilating fluo or cupola on tho rpof
are ornamental death traps of tho
past. Thoy did glvo n flnlshod nlr to
tho building from un architectural
point of vlow but thoy wore tho causo
of bad colds which ofton dovoloped
into croup,
Any poultry houso should bo suffi
ciently weatherproof to keep out rain
and snow nnd protoct tho fowl from
bad windstorms. Tho building Bhould
bo provided with a dry floor whothor
it bo of boards or dirt.
Protection must bo given tho poul
try from all kinds of cnomlcs such
as rata, Bkunks, coons, cats, dogs and
hawks, or tho loss at times Is some
thing appalling. It Is not an uncom
mon occurrence to hnvo a wholo ilock
of small chickens slaughtered during
ono night's rnld from a rat or skunk.
It Is vory annoying to hnvo flno plump
chickens up to tho broiler ago plckod
off by a cat or hawk ono nt a tlmo
until tho flock hns dwindled to almost
half Its slzo originally.
For thla reason wo bollovo it will
pay to build houses Hint will lnsuro
protection against troubles which so
GERMAN FARMERS AT LABOR
r - ' '
The Illustration glveu herewith
shown tho laborers at work on ono of
tho largest farms in thp eastern part
of Germany, These laborers "setzen
elne Dlote," harvest tho corn, then put
It In a hugo pile, as shown, so that it
being all tight together, the corn can't
fell out, and it is secure from rain.
often thronten chickons cooped la
mako shift buildings.
Tho nccompnnying drnwing fully
illustrates a colony houso that is
proof against any of tho mishaps wo
havo mcutioncdi providing, however,
tho closed yard pan in adopted in
stead of freo rango. Wo havo had
excellent success with this method, in
two instances raising every chick, to
tho broiler ago, plncod in tho coop,
without accident. In ono caso thero
wer6"T0 chickB in n 3xCfoot coop,
with a 3xG-foot yard; in tho other 79
chicks In a 4x9-f.qot coop with a 4x6
foot ynrd.
Of material and workmanship to bo
used in tho construction of tho colony
house heroin described!
Floor Joist or frame, to be 2x3
inches of redwood or cedar.
Floor: To bo of well-seasonod
tonguod nnd grooved plno, surfaced,
secret nailed.
Exterior Covorlng: To bo of
matched, tongucd and grooved boards
1x4 Inchon, surfaced two sides and
welt aonsnnod; to be well nailed to
top and bottom cleats 1x4 inches stir-;
faced. If portablo to bo fastened at
four cornera Inatdo with stroug hooka
and eyes.
Roof: To bo covered with any good
roofing material or tin, well painted.
Da t l .Tars i n ,w ,t-rl
I It
Colony House.
roof to project nt loast four inches
and it portablo to bo fastened at four
cornera lnsldo with strong hooks nnd
oyos,
Sash: "Will bo of dry sugar pine,
woll milled, to be doublo hung whoro
shown with plaited saBh cord, with
Iron weights and pulleys, to bo not
loss' than ono Inch thick. If glazed,
glass to bo 21 ounces. If covored with
muslin and one-half Inch mesh wlro
ns shown In plan, same to bo well
tacked with odgoa covorod by neat
cleats countorsunk.
Doors: Will not be loss than ono
Inch thick coverod with muslin nnd
ono-hnlf inch rnosh wlro cloth as
shown in tho plan, same to be well
tacked with edges covored by neat
blent countersunk samo as sash, to be
hung with sultablo hinges and fas
toned with barrol bolt or iron bottom.
Transom door to hlngo from top and
bo fitted with regular transom lift;
Each end of houso to bo furnished
with a drop door whero shown to bo
oporntod with a cord at a point where
shown in plan and fitted with proper
whool pulleys, cord to bo fastened
whoro shown to a sultablo hook,
Royal Stock Show.
At tho last Royal Stock show, of,
England, tho cntlro 2,000 head of stock
entered woro Judged tho first day, JD0,
000 was given in cash premiums and
tho attendance was 52,000 people in a
stnglo day. At theso shows no horso
racos or sldo attractions of any kind
aro permitted.
Farms of United States.
It is estimated that tho farms of
tho United States with all, thoy con
tain In tho way of livestock and im
provements aro worth about $30,000,
000. From tho wagon ono man hands the
corn to tho other; they form shelves'
on tho pilo, when ono sholf or horizon
tal shoet Is compact another is formed,
etc., until the pllo la quite high. ' The
laborers tako pride la making these
compact piles, which rsia nor atoms
nan easily destroy.