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About The North Platte semi-weekly tribune. (North Platte, Neb.) 1895-1922 | View Entire Issue (May 19, 1911)
- . Start the borry patch early. j Heavy draft horses are in demand. Timothy hay Is a dangerous feed for heep. Beet molasses acts as a tonic when ifed to stock. ' Weeds harbor injurious Insects and iplant diseases. In breeding time hogs take 112 days ibefore they farrow. Timothy seed may be sown' in the spring if it is sown early. The main poultry building should face the south or southeast The matter of feeding the mare is quite an Important consideration. Tho bean straw makes a good food for sheep or cattle if properly handled. The addition of manuro to a clay coll will mako It lighter and warmer Tho carrot, like most all root crops, responds readily to frequent cultiva tion. To grow cucumbers to perfection plenty of heat, light and molsturo aro required. Carrots should bo sown early as the crop, especially tho lata varieties, require a long Mason. Do not cxnect success with house plants unless you glvo them enough room and enough sunlight. Clover and orchard grass seed should bo sown on wlntor grain be fore tho frost b out of tho ground. PIe losses are invariably found to bo much smaller whore they aro kept on pasture than under any other con' dltlons. ' The most potent cause of hens cat Ing their eggs 1b a lack of the mineral elements in their system to moke tho egg shell. .Barley Is best suited for a cool cli mato and a good soil, like llmestono. islatef or red clay soil; a sandy loam is Itoo dry and hot. , While sweet corn will grow on al most all good farm land, yet It will yield larger ears ou a deep, sandy or river bottom loam. ' A crop of beans can bo grown nnd marketed cheaper than a crop of corn and aro much easier on tho land, tbelng a nitrogen gatherer. After long investigation, threa European scientists have doclded that itreos, through their foliage, extract treo nitrogen from the atmosphere. As soon as pigs commenco to cat ispread a little wholo oats over the Ifloor after the slop Is eaten. Keep ithe troughs and feed yards clean and dry. Bnpo may be seeded at any time ibetween early May and late Juno, do 'pending upon what time tho crop Is Iwanted for forage or pasture pur iposes. Plaster, when properly applied, is ibenoilclal to all leguminous crops, es jpeclally Ted, whlto, crimson nnd al-Islke-clovers; disc peas, beans and potatoes. Tho most economical, as well ao tho best growing ration for weaned pigs Is equal parts of wheat middlings and oat meal, and about one-fourth tho amount of flaxseed meal. Tho Indian Runner ducklings are usually very active and hardy, nnd will quickly roam far and wldo In search of Insect life, which If plentiful will form a large part of their food. The average bean crop for tho United States Is about 1G bushels but Individual growers are getting as high as 40 bushel per acre whero conditions are right and at no greater expense. The yield of corn nnd potatoes Is often largely Increased from a change in sood, especially whero the Improved and adapted varieties take tho place oi run out, stock of Inferior quality. Cockerels five months old may bo looked upon as having attained their growth, or, at least, having suffi ciently approximated maturity to be teady for tho fattening crate; and these, with henB ono year old and. upward, and old roosters, may be ex pected to fatten In from ten days to two weeks. Glvo tho hens a mash at bight See that tho horses' collars fit snug. Tho first of our radishes came from China. Any flavor in tho milk will bo found in tho butter. Do not use potatoes Effected with TheVo is no grain equal to corn for fattening turkeys. ' The cultivation sA the corn 'brings the seed near the surface. Freshly burned stone lime Is best for making Bordeaux misture. Young ganders are betterfor breed ing purposes than young geese. Sllago has an advantage over green soiling crops in cost of production. After tho potatoes are up set tho cultivator deep and close to the plant A very rich sandy loam Is best for cucumbers, as they like a warm soil. When full grown, turkoya are hardy and fully able to take care of them selves. The largest and plumpest seeds always give the best and strongest plants. Marcs heavily In foal can bo In jured by field work If not handled Judiciously. Broomcorn can be grown on a vnrloty of soils, but seems to prefer deep, rich loam. Carrots do ,well on most any gnrdon land, but they prefer' a moist, deop, loamy, frlablo soli. Pastures will respond to tame ma nures and commercial fertilizers tho samo as other crops. In drying Beed corn It should be remombercd that warm air olono docs not dry out tho corn. "Roots are a valuablo addition to our stock foods, especially' whore tho farmer is without a bIIo. Ono difficulty about raising guineas Is that tho young birds aro .very easi ly killed by mltcs and lice. Let tho soil bo rich for your aspar agus bed, for Its growth will always roveal'tho way It has been-fed. When plants have been attacked by frost every means must be taken to prevent them from thawing rapidly. Bean growing as a commercial crop Is taking first rank In many bean gorwlng centers for sovernl reasons. Applo treo roots feed from all por tlonp of tho orchard soil. Feed such soli as you would for any other crop. The addition of ono pound of crude carbolic acid to flvo gallons of white wash will servo ao a good disinfec tant. Thero is nmplo ovldonco that a largo Bum Is annually lost becauso tho dairy cows aro not bred, for milk production. Tho average farmer on hilly land allows tho "cream of'hls boII" to wash away from his farm every year at a surprisingly high rate. . . To prevent caterpillars from as cending, keep trunks of trees, bnnded with cotton, or somo sticky material, Buch aB tree tanglefoot. Tho first and most Important requi site to success in any undertaking, Is to start right, and in any branch of agriculture this meanB good seed. ed at onco from reading Instructions. Experience gained from practice and observation Is necessary to do tho best work. Unless tho guinea hen Is confined she will take her brood on long Jour neys through tho damp .grass, and many aro likely to dlo from this causo. ' ' ' Baby beef Is a term applied tc steers or heifers from 15 to 22 months of age that show sufficient thickness of flesh, finish anc" quality to bo UBcd as block beef. Tlio hnlltv Vinrun cannot, be . con quered by brutal treatment., but may be Induced to pull by many devices Intended to attract his attention from his resolution not to pull. A' field of rape makes an excellent ntiTiimnr nnnturo croi) for OllOOn PaB furnpo liurlne tho dry summor period -when tho regular pastures nro either too sbort or burnoa entirely aown. Fertility in hatching eggs cannot be exnected to bo very high during tho months of January, February and the first week in March. Ab spring draws near tho fertility becomes stronger, Experience has shown that, for economy, convenience, tho physical well-being of tho animals, saving of labor, clearing tho land for fall plow. Ing or seeding, putting tho manuro In the best possible condition to amalga mato with tho soli and for larger pro ductlonand profits generally tho silo is a long stop In advance. MAINTAIN HIGHEST SANITARY CONDITIONS Ground FJjoor Plan and Elevation of Building Looking to coraiort or Animals Jack Frost Floor Plan of Piggery on The nlccorr. of which n. cround floor nlnn In nhnwn hnrnwllh. In the latest acquisition at Tho Cedars look ing to the comfort of tho animals and their attendant, writes W. H. FlBher of Franklin county, Ohio, in, tho Breeders' Gazette. Tho building runs north nnd south, bo that tho sun d limes Into each compartment nt some hour of tho day. Tho dimensions nro 48 feet 10 incheB by 21 foot four Inches and tho studding Is 14 feet. A glanco at tho floor plan shows that thero aro four pohb 8 by 8 feot and four 8 by 12 feot, with a tilting win dow and sliding door 2 by 4 feet In each. A hanging door above nnd In front of each trough makes It pob- siuie to reed from tho passagoway and also to keen nnimnla nut nt thn trough untU tho feed is placed thero- in. un tho hardwood Bills, which aro 2 by 8 Inches, bolted every C foot to tho concroto foundation, rests a brick wall 40 Inches high laid In cement mortar, Insldo of (not between) tho studding, forming an nlr space of 4 Inches (thickness of studding) between tho wall and tho siding. This wall is cov ered With cement mortnr nnrl Intnn the concrete floor, which is curved up 10 coyer ana protect tho sills, making It possible by tho use of hot water and steam to maintain tho high"- sanitary conditions. Tho drainage of each pen la toward tho sliding door. Partitions are 4 feet hlch nnd ttinon between penB as woll as all outsldo rencea are of electric-welded fencing, stapled to hardwood rallln ph. which In the yards nro bolted to extra heavy ceaar posts capped with galvanized Iron and nil given two coats of pnlnt. This piggery, which wbb designed especially for winter comfort, is self contained. A 200-barrel cistern under neath tnkos tho water from throo down spouts on tho eaat side, not shown, a force pump puts the water cither into tho slop casks, each hold ing 100 gallons, into a tank upstairs, or into tho boiler, as may bo desired. Feed Is drawn through chutes from bins upstairs and thero Is yet room for a winter's supply or straw, clover, alfalfa and oat-pea hny, which Is put down 'through hntches at either end of tho passagowny. These hatches aro provided with stairs which swing up nnd hook under tho celling when not In uso. Tho boiler, which holds but 17 gallons of water, makes steam rapidly and will thoroughly cook the 200 gallons of feed In 30 minutes, be sides heating water in tho, tank up stairs for housecleaning and for wash ing pigs preparatory to shipment. Breakfast for tho pogjtry Is also cooked by steam and wo utlllzo tho boiler nt butchering tlmo nnd for cooking tho dormant spray solution for our orchards. With this small amount of artificial heat tho piggery Is sufficiently warm to enablo tho sows to fdrrow when- '. I I "I . ab . Vau Yak . HMII.A AT j j r? y rt& x& Y GIVE ALL HORSES EVEN SHARE The evener shown In tho Illustration is planned to glyo all horses an oven sharo of the load. If a tongue Is used with gang plow it can bo at tached to draw bar with two clevises aud ring. A neckyoke is used on rear horses to hold up rod or tongue. IN OHIO PIGGERY t is Shown Herewith In Excluded. 1 Farm of V. H. Fisher. over tho spirit moves them, and we know thnt no cars, tails or lives will bo sacrificed to Jack Frost Each pen contains n oleeplrig floor, so thnt no animal need He on tho cement floor except from choice. The slid ing doors aro operated by Bash cord over pulleys from tho passageway, Tho slop casks aro elovated 15 Inches so that feed Is drawn into buckets through largo molasses gates. Tho ox penso completo, including allowance for our own tlmo at 20 cents per hour nnd tho samo for toams, waB a trlflo over $1,200. RATIONS FOR MANY SEASONS Generally Spcaklnsr Feeds Pro. duced on Farm Contain Excess of Carbonaceous Matter and Is Wasted. (By A. J. LKQa.) In tho summer soason when the. animals aro allowed tho range of the pasturo they can, in a measure at least, balanco their own ratlonB, Somo feeders aim at a maintenance ration only during tho wlntor season and depend for a profit during tho summer. Others feed for growth or production during tho winter. In tho maintenance ration thero li no profit or no gain during tho winter and tho feed Is consumed In keeping tho animal alive. If a feod is used that contains an excess of carbonaceous inattor tho ex cess practically la wasted. Upon tho other hand If nn excoss of protein Is contained In tho feed this excess Is wasted. " Generally speaking tho feeds pro duced on tho farm contain an excess of carbonaceous mattor and It be comes necessary to uoo so.no of tho concentrates to balanco, Corn haB a nutrltlvo ratio of 1 to 0, wheat and oats have a nutrltlvo ratio of near 1 to G, buckwhoat has n nutri tive ratio of 1 to 7. A well balanced ration for a horse Is near 1 to 8, for milch cows 1 to 5, for a hog 1 to 5. Then tho nsh or mineral contents of a feed should havo somo consideration. An nnlmnl must havo somo mlnoral mattor In Its ration In order to grow and main tain a strong frame-work. Corn is very deficient in mlnoral mattor. Digester tankago Is very rich In both protein and mlnoral matter and It Is ono of our best materials foi balancing a hog ration. Wheat bran, cotton sood meal and oil meal, all nro much richer In both protein and mineral matter than tho wholo grain. Tho protein and mineral matter contained In them mako these feed stuffs valuablo for both milch cows nnd young growing animals, I r? Isspss? ! MEASURES FOR CONTROLLING HARMFUL GRAPE-ROOT WORM Special Investigation Made by Bureau of Entomology at Washington Spraying With Arsenical Pelaon Is Recommended ' j . During tho last 10 or 15 years .the grape-root worm has attracted much attention on account of ravages in vineyards in Ohio, Pennsylvania and New York. American varieties of grapes bad been rather free from In sect attacks on the roots up to that time, but tho grape-root worm Is now recognized as the most serious of the Insects that feed on our grapes. A special Investigation by the bureau of entomology at Washington has been mode the subject of a report, bulletin No, 80, from which the following ex tracts are mndo: Aftor discussing Rio vineyard condi tions, romodlal measures tested and various field experiments to control tho pest, tho .report recommends" spraying tho vines with an arsenical poison when tho beetles foed on the foliage. They feed much moro freely immediately after emergence from the ground than later on, hence the ad visability of spraying promptly. A sharp lookout should, therefore, bo kept from tho mlddlo of Juno forward. If pupao are found In tho soli the beetles may bo expected to emerge within a week or ton days. Tho for mula recommended consists of arsen ate of load tbrco pounds to CO gallons bordeaux, tho 5-5 formula. When pupae aro discovered the soil beneath tho trellis should bo removed by tho horso hoo and carefully and thoroughly stirred with tho hand hoe. Larva (Enlarged). Tho offlclcncy of this method may bo Increased by throwing up a ridge of earth beneath tho trellis during tho last cultivation preceding summer to oncourngo the worms to form their pupal colls abovo tho roots of tho vino, and thus admit destruction by cultivation without serious Injury to tho vino roots. No experiments with oil, carbon dlsulphldo, fertilizers, salt, etc., havo been found effective In con trolling tho pest while In tho ground, and no spray has been of use In do- Btrovlntr thn ncen hnpmtnn thnan nrn protected by tho bark. Tho third season generally exhibits serious, permanent Infestation bo- Pupa (Enlarged). (cnuso tho vines havo by that tlmo grown somewhat rough, and thero nro crevices In which tho females may lay. When tho vinos In u producing vine yard havo been badly Injured thoy may frequently bo rcnovatod by cut ting back to the ground, no tho lim ited vitality may bo devoted to making vegotablo growth. A heavy ap plication of fertilizer may bo mado, tho vines thoroughly sprayed whon tho beetles appear, and thorough cul- i EXCELLENT HOUSE FOR SWINE Tho hog house shown In tho illus tration Is planned aftor tho type lined by Prof. Dietrich at the Illinois Uni versity fnrm. It 1b so constructed as to admit tho greatest possible amount of sunilght directly Into tho pens nnd upon tho floors during tho season when ltts most desired thnt It should reach these places and also so that It may be kept cool nnd comfortnblo dur lpg the summer boat. For the latter purpose shndes may bo drawn over tho Spen upper windows nnd tho concroto oors sprinkled with cool water dur ing tho greatest bent of tho day. The roof should project far enough at tho eaves so that tho lower windows uro .alindcd by It when tho sun Is high on Bummer days. By keeping tho doors open an air current may be kept pass ing In at tho lower part of the house and going out nt tho top through the shaded windows which should bo open from tho top. The use of not wire par titions between the pons and nlong tho alloys aids materially In perfect ing this current which would ,bo more or less obstructod by solid board or plank structures. In planning a houso of tho forego ing typo tho dimensions should first be determined especially with regard to Its width as tho height of the win dows must bo adjusted accordingly to havo tho maximum amount of sunlight tivation maintained throughout the season. Whore a vineyard is destroyed for any reason tho land should be devoted to some other crop than grapes for at least one year prior to setting grapes on the land again. In other words, now vineyards should be set on new land and newly planted vines should be kept as thrifty as possible between planting and the bearing of the first; crop fruit. During this time each Adult (Enlarged). summer the vlneyardlst should keep a sharp lookout for beetles. Whed these are numerous they .skele tonise the leaves, aad this greatly re tards the growth of the plant. NUT-BEARING TREES BEST Worths' of Attention of All Farm era and tn Many Caees They Will be Found Profitable to Grower. ny n. o. WEATiinnsTONB.) Nut trees are worthy the attention of all fnrmors and In many cases they will bo found profitable to the grower and easy to get started. Dlaek walnut, chestnut, hickory' and butter-nut trees are propagated by gathering tho nuts In the fall before they havo becomo dry and planting in April In nlcoly prepared ground As deop as tho dlamoter of tho nut, either whero they nro to grow or in a row In tho garden In the latter case they should bo taken up tho first winter and burled beyond the power of the frost If ono half of tho top roots are pruned before setting tho young trees tho lateral roots will put forth a more vigorous growth and the trees are moro sure to mako a good, hoalthy growth. , It Is to bo hoped (thnt theno kind of trees will rocolvo' niorq attention In the future than they have In the. past as thero aro few farms that do not havo fence rows or waste lands thnt could ho mado useful by plant; Ing to somo yarioty of nut-bearing trees. Surbank Cantaloupe.' Hal B, Fullerton of the Long Ialand experimental farm says the inuch-l lauded Burbnnk cantaloupe creation turned out to bo a fuzzy, slim, elon gated curiosity, rather pointed nt tho, blossom end, flat and Insipid In flavor,, somowbat llko n cross between a raw citron and n squash. Old Pear Trees. Thero aro pear trees now in' the. vicinity of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, supposed to have been growing at tho tlmo of the Revolution, and which aro In good healthy condition; and num erous ones which, evldontly, have passed 76 years. , , i fnll upon tho floors of the pons at the proper time. Tho latitude of tho local lty should also bo taken Into consider ntlon In determining tho height at which tho windows must bo placed to got the desired rosults aftor tho width of tho building haB been determined. Evergreen Windbreak. A windbreak a$ evergreens Is vnl uablo In many ways, and has no draw back If not set so close to the house as to ehut off breezes In summor, or to shed leaves upon the lawn and kill out tho grass. At tho proper distance It 1b both attractive and useful. II keeps off tho cold winds, from tho houBe so that wo scarcely realize how much wind la blowing beyond the hedge. When Bet near tho barn it la a valuablo shelter for stock. Tho cows whon turned out, quickly sook tho pro tection of the evergreens. Wisteria Leaves. Tho tender leaves of tho .Wisteria aro largoly used n China for food, Tho bark Is used for making clothes, ropes and sandals. Qas From Tree, Tho cottonwood troo Is rich with gas and experiments are being con ducted with tho vlow of extracting It and burning It from a holder.