V
r
:
Extracted honey, If brought to a
temperature of not over ICO degrees
Fahronhelt, bottled nnd nealod whllo
hot, will usually, If kept In n uniform
ly warm temperature, keep liquid for
n year or more. But thoro Is a great
difference in honey. Some will candy
much more quickly than others. Cold
atmosphere Is qulto favorablo to
candying of both extructod and Comb
ho hey. Cellars and cold rooms aro
poor places for honey.
As a pasture for plg3 In the produc
tion of pork nnd for the feeding of
brood sows during winter, a branch
of farming which bo often goes hand
In hand with dairying, nlfalfa cannot
be too highly rccommonded. In fact,
for all animals on tho farm horsoa,
cattle, sheep, swlno and poultry al
falfa is well nigh indispensable. If
corn Is king, alfalfa is surely king of
kings.
Where gullicB havo bcon formed by
soil washing during tho summer It s
well to fill them ns oarly as possible
In tho fall whllo tho 'leaves nro still
on tho brush with which thoy are
filled.
. Horses at pasture will noed no other
protection than a shed If thoy havo
enough to eat. Cold, dry weather will
not injure Btock as much as cold rains
nnd damp, foggy weather.
Young cattlo and dry cows should
not bo haltered up in clooo stables dur
ing tho winter; givo them a roomy
shed with a hard dirt floor. Dcd heav
ily with straw or loaves.
This year's sprouts may bo pulled
from tho peach trees with tho hands it
It Is done this fall, when it should be,
which will savo consldornblo work
next spring.
Tho nvcrago annual honey yield per
colony for tho entire country Bhould
bo from 25 to 30 pounds of comb
honey or 40 to CO pounds of extracted
honey.
Tho cow that wanders ovor baro pas
tures and looks wistfully nt growing
crops sho cannot reach, Is not happy
nor contented, and will not produce
well.
Tho men who hnvo followed diver
sified farming for years raroly ovor
aro pinched with a crop failure bo
causo of a variety of products for an
Income.
An occasional handful of oil meal
will do tho horses good, especially if.
helr main grain is corn. Tho pea-size
oil cake is handiost for this purpose.
Wheat sown too lato to como up tho
year It 1b sown, If tho boII Btlll con
tains some wnrmth, will start to
sprout in tho ground nnd tako root.
Many a colt has been spoiled by In
discriminate potting and handling. Lot
tho master pet and govorn tho young
sters until they know who is boss.
Like tho strawberry, n little moro
palnB should bo taken when setting
asparagus plants In tho fall, to got
them well mulched beforo winter.
Old raspberry-canes should bo ra
imovod from tho patch before the
ifreeze-up and the new vines mulched
'with oat-straw or barn-yard Httor.
: Those old hens which havo Just com
ipleted a tardy molt will fatten now.
''Cast up their egg account nnd make
up their deficiencies with moat
It never pays to starvo a colt. Thir
ty bushels of oats will cost nbout $10
nnd bo worth twice that much to any
Woll-bred colt next winter.
The constitution and gonoral sound
ness of tho farm horse very much do
tpends upon the treatment ho recelvo3
during the winter.
Wheat, or any other of tho grasses,
jWlll not do their best unless tho seed
bed Is worked down to a flno and com
Ipact condition.
; After weaning tho foal, tho young
animal should not bo neglected and
permitted to rough it tho first winter.
Carrots, potatoes, beets and other
root crops should bo dug ns soon ns
possible now, dried, nnd stored In tho
cellar.
' Every farmer will admit that n good
mow fonco on tho farm Is beautiful
'and useful.
! There Is nothing qulto so good, ns
Iflno brush to catch and hold soil wash.
j After being built tho fonco must re
Icclvo regular attention If it is intend
Jed to last and always turn stock.
Tho brown-tnll moth is n serious
pest In Now Englnnd, and Is likely to
spread. Tho easiest and practically
tho only effectlvo means of artificial
contrbl whero established, Is by cut
ting off tho overwintering nests dur
ing tho lato fall, wlntor or early
spring and destroying tho Inrvao with-;
In. This, of course, can bo supplo-i
mented by spraying with an arsenical
mlxturo when tho caterpillars appear,
on tho foliage In spring.
Farm poultry Is too ofton allowed,
to run in ono largo flock. Tho chicks,
cannot bo fed properly and nro nlmosti
suro to become infostcd with lico fromi
tho oldor fowls. Ofton ducks, gcoso,
chickens and turkeys nro nil turnod;
together to fight for supremacy. Tho;
moro tho fowln nrn illHtrllmtn.l nvnr'
the farm In summer, tho most produc-1
tlt.n ...111 I- '
"iu uvj niii uu. )
Every flock ownor of long oxporloncoi
in nandllng brooding owes fully roa
IIzcb that tho condition of tho owes at
mating has n decided iulluenco upon
tho breeding qualities of both ewes
ana progeny.
' Heartsease was formerly not worth!
considering ns a honey plant, becnuso
or Kb scarcity; but of Into years it has
bocomo" plontlor, nnd this year It Isl
worth many dollars. Snmo with dan
dcllon.
To mako hens lay, put eomo oats in:
a box, pour warm wator ovor thorn,'
and koop In a warm plnco. Feed a!
Btnall quantity to hens each morning!
aftor tho oats bogiri to grow and got
grcon. Oats soaked In milk aro sploiin
did.
Troparo cultivated ground the samei
bb for strawborrlcs for transplanting
raspborries and blackberries, but plow
furrowB ten, feot apart for blackborrlcsj
eight for red. yellow, nnd purplo rasp-;
borrles and seven for blackcaps.
An nverngo samplo of tho droppings
of high-fed hens contains nbout thirty
or thirty-two pounds of nitrogen, thir
ty pounds of phosphoric acid and fif
teen or sixteen pounds of potash In'
each ton. '
Whnt furnishes moro material for.
tho whito of eggs than corn does? A:
bushel of wheat contains nbout ono-l
tenth moro protein, Ihreo per cent, less,
fat and nearly three times as much'
fiber.
As a rulo, transplanting should boj
dono when tho plant is dormant. Thlsi
applies to all fruits, but for convenl-i
enco wo sometimes trnnBplnnt straw-l
Domes during tho growing season.
At tho closo of tho honey season,
when a part or nil tho hoes nro run for;
comb honey, somo sections may boi
capped partly ovor, whllo somo Willi
bo partly filled but no sealing dono.
Much unnecessary onergy la expend
ed In trying to avoid labor. Thoso who;
aro v not willing to givo honest, con
scientious labor need not oxpoct pl
nomenal success on tho farm. J
Cows feed Httlo nt night If well fed!
during the day, and if tho stable is
woll ventilated thoy aro as comfortablo;
hero ns anywhere, and tho gnln to the)
manuro pllo is consldornblo.
Doforo stnrtlng In fruit culture for
mnrket visit tho progrosslvo, practical!
fruit culturlsts and study details; nlso
loam tho cost of bushes, mothod of,
culturo and tho returns.
t
Different farmors In different sec
tions havo stated times for sowing;
wlntor wheat. Somo bow early and
somo sow lato, ench claiming equally
good results.
Thero Is no ono who ought to havo
a bottor garden than tho farmer wha
haB nil of tho land necessary wlthj
teams and usually help to caro for It,
Whatever you do, don't select seed
cars from stalks on .which smut has
developed, for that's ono of tho best
ways of encouraging this trouble
When tho nspnragua tops havo be
come rlpo they should bo cut off and
burned up. In this way the spores of,
tho rust fungus are destroyed. 1
Different qualities 0f tho same
kind of grain und hay cntor tho bal
anced ration of tho different export
mont stations for horses,
.
For picking apples a half bushel
basket, lined with burlap and pro
vided with a strong: hook, will prove,
better than a bag.
Salt Improves both tho flavor and.
keeping qualities of butter, as well as
Increasing Its weight at a small pro-'
portlonato cost.
Ono of tho most trying periods In.
tho foal's dovolopment la weaning tho
youngster from the milk of Us dam.
Thero is monoy tn beo keeping If It
Is managed properly.
Fat heavy hens that spend too much!
timo In tho corn crib, eating with tho;
hogs, aro In danger of dying suddenly
with apoplexy. '
Study your birds and breed them so.
as to bring tho egg record up. Quick
growth, oarly maturity. It will pay
you.
' Chrysanthemums will nood protoc-j
tlon from frost and cold winds. '
It takoa nearly all tho food tho cow,
In a cold stablo cats to sustain Ufa.
BREEDING PEDIGREE STOCK
- IS HIGHLY PROFITABLE
Man Must bo Lover of Animals and Possess Moro Than
Ordinary Amount of Patlcnco it" Ho Is 16
Bocomo a Prosperous Breeder.
Perhaps of nil branches of farming
breeding pedigree livestock la tho
most intorostlng, nnd, In addition, It
has tho' further recommendation that
when proporly conducted It is profit
able I know thnt mnny porsons hnvo
dropped money, and some lnrgo
qmounta, ovor pcdlgreo stock; but I
could namo several tenant farmers
who havo wcathored bad tlmos and
nro today In n prosperous condition,
thanks mainly to this Industry, A man
must bo a lover of animals and pos
sess a more than ordinary amount of
patlcnco If ho Is to becomo n promi
nent breeder, says n writer In Country
Life Furthermore unless ho Is nblo
to placo a lnrgo amount of cupltnl In
tho- business ho must bo prepared' to
lock his monoy up for somo years.
Thoso who can afford to buy tho best
brod and most typical animals of any
breed ns foundation stock, and who
nro content to pay good snlarlcs and
wages to competent men to tako
charge of them, ought soon to get n
Champion
good return for tholr Investment Per
sons with limited means must bo sat
isfied to start with a fow animals loss
perfect In typo nnd conformation or
with aged individuals which can bo
picked up for coirpnratlvoly little
money, nnd then gradually brood up a
stud herd or flock. Tho latter plan,
unless ono Is n good Judgo of stock
nnd n practical farmer, Is tho ono I
should advise. Clovor and experienced
broedors aro apt to mnko mistakes in
buying, mating nnd rearing tholr stock
and n novice is suro to purchaso his
experience vory denrly If ho starts
breeding on too lnrgo a scale
The situation nnd soil of ono'a farm
should govorn, to n groat extent, tho
variety of stock which it is doclded to
keep. Lincoln snoop, for Instance,
would not pay to rear on tho moun
tains whero tho Scotch blnck-faccd
mountain or tho Herdwlck broods ox
1st. Or, again, tho hnrdy Southdown
thrives on tho short, scanty horbngo
that grows on his native hills, whero
larger sheep would starve. Many
breeds of livestock appear to bo ope
daily adapted to tho locality in which
thoy nro born, nnd ono nlwnys runs a
risk when introducing n fresh variety
of nnlmals Into nny county.
Not only does it tnko somo timo for
a breed now to tho district to bocome
acclimated, but It is always difficult
to disposo of one's surplus Btock In a
SEVERAL KINDS
Of tho several breeds of Leghorn,
Iho whlto 1b tho most popular nnd tho
brown next, soys tho Farm Poultry.
Tho Duff Leghorns of the best strains
havo about all tho good qualities of
tho whito variety and aro fast gaining
popularity, tho color bolag moro at
tractive to somo tastes. Tho Black
and Dominique Leghorns nlso havo
tholr advocatos. Each of tho Log
horna, although naturally having sin
glo combs, aro bred nlso. with roao
combs. Tho roso comb is obtainod
by introduction of Hamburg blood,
and tho result Is In gonoral a tondoncy
to smaller bodies and smaller ogga in
tho roso comb varieties. The ulnglo
combs vary greatly In olzo and weight,
nccordlng to strain. Somo of tho
larger strains nro almost oqual In slzo
to tho nvcrago of somo of tho medium
neighborhood whero It is not tho fash
Ion. It is truo that somo breeds soem
to flourish nlmost anywhoro, notably
shorthorn cnttlo and Shlro horses; but
nn ownor of Shires who brings them
up on light, thin-skinned land Is se
verely hnndlcappod when his horses
come into tho show-ring. Ho then
finds that his rivals who occupy stlf
for and rlchor soil can produce ani
mals with moro bono nnd hnlr than ho
cnn. Largo, woll-shnpcd foot, plenty
of bono nnd good Joints aro nbsolutoly
necessary nowadays on ft flrst-clasa
nntmnl of this breed.
Shlro horsos nro especially ndnptod
for town work nnd for hauling .heavy
loads, and ono can Judge from .tho
photograph of this Btrong, honvy and
yet compact maro how suitable this
breed Is for that purpose Tho Clydes
dales are riot such massive horses aa
aro tho Shlros, notther nro they so
largo In tho tone, but tho strength nnd
Blopo of their pasterns nnd tho activ
ity of this breed aro proverbial. A su
Clydesdale.
porabundanco of hair on a Clydcs
dalo's legs Is not considered nccos
Bary, as it Is on thoso of tho Shiro;
this can bo seen by glancing at tho Il
lustration of Roynl Quest, tho chnm
plon ClydoEdnlo stallion nt this year's
Royal. Tho Suffolk horse Is preferred
when qulto cloan-leggod, 1. e, with no
long hair on his legs. It Is n vory
active, quick nnlmnl; with nny amount
of pluck and ondurnnco, nnd no brood
is bottor suited for farmwork. Suf
folks, like ClydnsdaleB, aro nlso suit
able for working In towns, whero
strong, quick-moving horsos nro nood
ed. Suffolk horses hnvo boon known
to llvo to n groat ago, and longevity
is claimed to bo a special fonturo of
this breed.
Horseflesh Consumption. -Horseflesh
Is vory gonornlly ndvor
tlsod In tho Gorman nowspapors, es
pecially In thoso of tho lnrgo Indus
trial centers, nnd most Cormnn cltloa
havo at least ono mnrkot which makes
it a specialty, claiming for it n highor
percentage of nourishment than that
of either hoof, veal, mutton or pork.
Water Sprouts.
Do not neglect to cut oft tho wntor
sprouts on tho trunks of young npplo,
pear and plum trees.
mm iiiiii-VVWWVWW
OF LEGHORN
weight breeds, and It Is claimed that
the slzo Is not obtained nt the expense
of laying powers. Tho Leghorns like
most of . tho breeds, need to be 'bred
with caro to preventtho tondoncy to
smnllor sizes. Small bodies, pinched
or cramped In shape, nro considered
undesirable as tending to smnll eggs
nnd lack of constitution.
Eight or ton years ago Leghorn
cockorols wore In consldornblo dv
mand for crossing. Tho Leghorn and
Ilrahma cross, Leghorn nnd Wynn
dotto, or Leghorn nnd Plymouth Kock
wore preferred by mnny poultrymoq
to breed crossbred chlckons for broil
ore and roasters, nnd of Into yonra tho
tendency of tho poultry plants acorns
to bo townrd tho ubo of ono or nnoth.
er of tho puro broodH. Cross broodlns
Is moro troublo and rosulta loss ual
form than from tho puro breeds.
I 111
For a Friend
By ANTOINETTE PATTERSON
Copyright, 1910, by
Nichols pullod his hat well dawn
to hldo tho worrlod look his faco
wore
"It's a pretty ploco of business," lio
said to himself. "I'm convinced tho
womnn'a nn adventuress, but how am
I to find out, and Cyril getting ovory
day moro bowltchod? If only Bhe
olalmed somo civilized country but
Poland, whero I hnvon't a friend or
oven an enemy!"
John Nichols and Cyril Thornton
wore closo friends. Nichols, much
tho elder, nnd Cyril's sUtor woro to
havo boon married, but sho dlod.
Nichols was a lawyer from Now
York, and In tho Interest of a- client
was nbw In Los Angolcs. Cyril, re
covering from typhoid, had como
with hltn for n quicker convalescence
Everything had boon going on
smoothly whon their train mot with
nn accident.
Thoy had escaped Injury nnd saved
tho llfo of n bonutlful wnmnn. Tho
woman, whom Cyril thought tho'
most charming ho had ovor soon, was
very grntotul, nppnrontly vory frank.
Her namo, sho said, was Marie
Laska; sho had been a widow two
yoars. Her fnthor and she said this
with toworcd voice was doop In
Polish politics. Ho had sont hor
nway fearing sho might como undor
suspicion. Sho never would hnvo loft
htm, but Illness had mndo another
northorn wlntor dnngoroua, and sho
had taken n small houso noar Pasa
dena. Sho Intended to llvo In retire
ment nnd havo n completo rost bo
foro returning to Poland, Dut theso
two frlonds, thoy must como to see
her whenovcr thoy could spnro tho
timo.
It was surprising how much timo
hnd boon spared by both, for Nichols,
unwilling that Cyril should spend
days and ovonlnga nlono with Ui6
chnrmlng foroignor, found htmsolt in
Walked Forlornly Home.
Pnsaacnn whenever his business
would permit. Thla had boon going
on for a -fortnight
Aa a furthor complication, Cyril,
Just of ngo, would shortly bo in pos
session of $25,000.
Nichols walked forlornly homo and-
wont to bod.
Next morning ho showod Cyril a
business lottor requesting his pres
ence In San Francisco on Wednesday.,
His friend, though docldodly ndvorso
to any movo, consented to go with
him.
Cyril had promised to tako Mmo.
Laskn n song that morning, but whllo
dressing to tho whistled accompani
ment of n Polish air, word camo that
Bho had n headache, bo would he
und Mr. Nichols, too como in tho
ovonlngt
Mmo. Laska was tying up n spray
of whito roso-troo whon thoy arrived.
Sho gavo them each a hand in hor
pretty foroign way.
On a porch table wns n hnlf-burnod
clgnrctto. Nichols folt sure ho do
tcctcd tho faintest aroma of a vory
flno cigar also.
Tho professional instinct wns
aroused. Mmo. Laska had ropeatodly
said she know no ono In California
but themselves. Tho cigar soomed
to toll a dlfforent story.
Nichols throw his coat In n corner
sf tho porch. In tho pockot thoro was
an important letter. If ho forgot his
:oat bo would havo to como back for
It tonight on account of leaving
tho noxt day.
Cyril prcssod a guitar Into Mario
Laska's hands, seating himself whero
bo could watch tho slngor'a faco.
Tho boy was of n pootlo naturo, and
hero waB everything to Bpenk to it
the flowers, tho music, that lovely
fucc.
"Cyril," Nlchola Bald after a timo,
waa wo havo a Journoy boforo ua to
morrow wo must Bay goodby."
"It will bo lonoly for a fow days," ho
hoard Mnrlo Laskn say to Cyril.
Aftor bidding Cyril good night,
Nichols took tho enr uncle to Pasa
dena. Later ho walkod toward Mmo.
Laakn'a houso, and then, hoarlng
CyrJl'B nnmo, stopped,
A man was talking In English, pre
sumably that tho sorvants might not
understand.
" Twonty-flvo thousand dollars will
soo our project through and help Po
and One Other
Associated Literary Press
land to hor own Again. Young
Thornton will have tho monoy and
you must got It soinohow. Yotl are
beautiful nnd otlll young, and can
mnko a boy llko that do anything."
Nichols know ho was listening to
an unscrupulous fanatic. As -for
Mario, It a tool, sho waa a willing;
one
Even aa a lightning flash reveals
tn nn Instant mlloa of country and
throws into relief thd most promi
nent features until they nro scon
moro clearly than ovor boforo, so
things rovealod thomsolvca to Nichols
at this moment Cyril should not
marry Mmo. Laska, or givo up his
money. Ono word from Nlchola
could fix all that Hut If ho spoke
that word Just now, Whllo tho boy
was still dreaming dreams, would
that naturo ovor bo tho same agnint
A sudden rudo awakening has been
tho making of many n man, but' it
wns borno In upon Nlchola that It
would not do for Cyril. ' 1
Nichols hnd deliberately listened.
Ho now ns deliberately wont up the
stops of tho porch and faced tho man
nnd tho wohinn sitting thoro. '
"I havo heard ovory thing," he' said
quietly.
Mario's companion put his hand to
his hip pockot.
"Don't do that," Nlcholn snld With
n Httlo deprecating gosturo. "I am
worth moro to you Just now allVo."
Then ho went to tho ond of tho porch
nnd picked up his coat. 1
"I camo back for this," he said.
"It hns papora in the pockots which
I shall want in Bail Francisco to
morrow." Tho man nnd woman watched him
curiously. Ho put on his coat; then
ho turnod to tho Polo.
"I will givo you $5,000," ho said,
"for whnt in roturn I know you will
do. My lnwyor, Mr. Henry Stanton,
In Loa Angolea, will nrrango all mat
tors. In consideration of thla monoy
you will both loavo Pasadena within
two days and tho country In the
shortest posBlhlo time, I will write
this down," tnklng n pen nnd paper
from his pocket "oo thore cnn bo no
misunderstanding. If thero should
bo I might fool bound to Inform tho
Polish government that I have
knowlcdgo of a suspoct"
Nichols stopped lnsido and drow up
tho documont in legal form. Tim
man and woman both signed. Then
ho turnod to Mnrlo.
"Wrtto," ho said, "what I toll you."
Sho oboyed silently.
Ho thon told thorn that this note
should bo mallod tho following night
to Cyril nt tho hotel in Loa Angeles.
Ho turnod to go. "You bollovo that
I will koop my ond of tho contract"
Jio said, "and I thnt you will keep
yours. Cood-by." IIo rniood his hat
to Mario Laska.'
"A Httlo whllo," ho said musingly
on tho way back to his hotel, "and
tho boy will havo learned discrimina
tion instead of distrust and tho fine
odgo which is so a part of him will
still bo thoro. Ah, Nolllo, Nollio, It
was something 1 could do for you,
too, doarl"
On tholr roturn to Los Angolos they
wont flrnt to Cyrll'B rooms. Thore
waa a noto in Mmo. Laska's hand
writing. Nlchola walkod toward tho window,
Ho was fooling koonly for tho boy
aa ho wont ovor in memory ench
word ho had dictatod.
"Whon you roturn," It ran, "I shall
havo loft California. I have only
timo to write you a fow linos, for
word has como which takoo mo im
mediately to Poland. My country baa
neod of mo, nnd still moro a man ot
whom you havo often mndo me think,
and with whoso fato it now seoma
best I should unito my own. For my
father's sako I shall travel under an
assumed namo. I shall always think
of you, nnd Mr. Nlchola with tho
greatest kindness and gratitude
Farewell. MARIE LASKA."
Cyril read tho lottor twice and then,
after a moment's sllonco, handed It
to Nlchola.
.Nichols saw thoro bad been no
shock that would bo serious.
"Jack," ho Bald, "It's all over my
drenm. Sho was a star too high for
mo to hopo to reach, but I want you
to sco thla lottor, for you never right
ly undorstood hor. Sho waa bo flno
and noblo and would risk oven her
llfo for hor country and for hor love
I had thought at tlmos sho cared for
mo, but It was Just that I romindod
hor ot that other man."
Cyril's oyos had tho trusting look
of Eleanor's hla dead sister at that
moment and John Nichols turnod
away his head.
Dickens Read In All Countries.
Dickons' public passes beyond tho
bounds ot our omplro. Thoro la Amer
ica with lta 85,000,000 of pooplo nnd
tta wldcsprond, lta fervent regard for
Dickons. Tharo Is Franco, whero
Daudot could write: "Llttlo Nell and
Paul Domboy enmo to mo na a reve
lation of purity and Innocence." Thoro
Is Germany, whore, as Hanson said:
"Dickons compels tears and laughter
amongst Oermans as amongst his own
pooplo." Thoro Is Russia, whero
Tolstoy rolntcs thnt ho found tho
"Christmas Carol" in tho cabins of tho
humbloBt BorfB, and where "Oliver
Twlat" and "Nicholas Nlckloby" aro
rend In sovon dlfforont translations
In tho roalmB of tho czar. Tho Dick
on dell.