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About The Alliance herald. (Alliance, Box Butte County, Neb.) 1902-1922 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 28, 1919)
HKtt'in ratynn n.ssr.sMWsww same-- t THE ALLIANCE (NEBRASKA) HERALD Thursday, August 23th, 1919 LEAGUE FULFILS , AMERICAN IDEAL r Herbert Hoover Says Democra cies Replaced Autocracies , at Our Bidding. FOOD ADMINISTRATION CHIEF. U.-os Ratification on Ground That Psacs Trtaty Will Collspss Without Lsagua of Natlona. Ilcrbert Hooter Is so deeply con cerned ovr opioltloo in tha League of Natlona In the United Btatra that he has let htmsHf be in terviewed at length on the Icngue mt nation. In a talk with the New. York Times correspondent In Paris, the Food Administration Chief asserta that baring caused the league Idea to pre rail America cannot abandon It We cannot withdraw, he says, and leare Europ to chaoa. "To abandon the League Covenant now means that the treaty Itself will collar." Mr. Iloover'a wide acquaintance with conditions both here and abroad, his reputation as an administrator, a man of great affairs who deals with (acts, not theories, make . his state ment one of the moat Important con tributions to the recent League discus sions. There are one or two points In con nection, with, the present treetr," said Mr. nooTer"that need careful consid eration by the American public. We need to digest the fact that wo hare (or a century and a half been advo cating democracy not only as a remedy for the Internal Ilia of all so ciety, but also as the only real safe guard against war. Wo have believed and proclaimed, In season and oat, that a world In which there was a (res expression and enforcement of the will of the majority was the real basis of government, waa essential for the advancement of civilization, and that we have proved Its enormous hu man benefits In our country. American Ideaa Have Prevailed. , "We went Into the war to destroy autocracy as a menace to our own and all other democracies. If we had not come Into the war every Inch of Euro pean soil today would be under auto cratic government Wo have imposed our will on the world. Out of this victory lias come the destruction of the four groat autocracies . In Ger many, Russia, Turkey and Austria and the little autocracy In Greece. New democracies have sprung Into being In Poland, Finland, Letvla, Lithuania, Esthonla, Czechoslovakia, . Greater .Serbia, Greece, Siberia, and even Gcr many ; and Austria have established democratic ' governments. . Ileyond these a host of small republics, such as Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaljun and others, have sprung up, and again as result of this great world movement 'the constitutions of Spain, Rumania, and eveu England, have made a final ascent to complete franchise and de tnocracy, although they atlll maintain symbol of royalty. . . "We have been the living spring for this last century and half from which these Ideas have sprung, and we have triumphed. The world today, except (or a comparatively few reactionary and communistic autocracies,-is dem ocratlc, and we did It . . "A man who takes a yWtfa' 1 and blesses the world with several infants cannot go away and leave them on the claim that there was no legal mar riage. "These Infant democracies all have political, social and economic prob lems Involving their neighbors that are fraught with the most Intense friction. There are no natural bound aries In Europe. Races are not com pact; they blend at every border. They need railway communication and sea outlets through their neighbors' terri tory. "Many if these states must for the IlfiXt. few, years struggle ftjmost or bare Honrs" to mn:Ma!n tnir very existence. Every one of them is go Ins to di It beat; to protect Its own Interests, even to the prejudice of Itl neighbors. Governments Lack Experience. We la Attierlut should realize that democracy, as a aianie romi or govern ment as we know it, Is possible only with highly educated populations and a large force of men who are capable of government Few of the men who compose these governments have had any actual experience at governing and their populations are woefully Il literate. "They will require a generation of actual national life In peace to de velop free education and skill In gov ernment, "Unless these countries have a guid ing hand and referee In their quarrels, a court of appeals for their wrongs, this Europe will go back to chaos. If there Is such an Institution, rep resenting the public opinion of the world, and able to exert Its authority, they will grow Into stability. We can not turn back now. "There Is another point which also needs emphasis. World treaties hith erto have always been based on the theory of a balance of power., Strong er races have been set up to dominate the weaker, partly with a view to maintaining stability and to a greater degree with a view to maintaining oc cupations and positions for the re actionaries of the world. "The balance of power Is born of armies and navies, aristocracies, autocracies, and reactionaries general ly, who can find employment and domination In these Institutions, and treaties founded on this basis have established stability after each great war for a ahorter or longer time, but never more than a generation. "America came forward with a new Idea, and wo Insisted npon . Its Injec tion Into this peace conference. Wo clatmed that It was possible to set up such a piece of machinery with such authority that the balance of power could be abandoned as a relic of the middle ages. We compelled an entire construction of This treaty and every word and line In It to bend to this idea. "Outside of the League of Nations the treaty itself has many deficiencies. It represents compromises between many men and between many selfish Interests, and these very compromises and deficiencies are multiplied by the many new nations that have entered upon Its signature, and the very safety of the treaty Itself lies In a court of appeal for the remedy of wrongs In the treaty. Beneflta of the League. "One thing Is certain. There Is no body of human beings so wise that a treaty, could, he mado.thaL.wo.uld not iHiveTop" mjTisf Ice and proVe" To'Tiave J been wrong In some particulars. As j the covenant stands today there Is a piece at whTch redress csn be found, and through which the good-will of I the world ran be enforced. The very machinery by which the treaty Is to be executed, and scores of points yet to be solved, which have been referred , to the League of Nations as a method of securing more mature Judgment In a less heated atmosphere. Justifies the creation of the League. "To abandon the covenant now means that the treaty Itself will col lapse. "It would take the exposure of but a few documents at my hand to prove that I had been the most reluctant of Americans to become Involved In this situation In Europe. Rut having gone In with our eyes open and with a de termination to free ourselves and the rest of the world from the dangers that surrounded us, we cannot now pull back from the Job. It Is no uso to hold a great revival and then go awtiy leaving a church for continued services half done. "We have succeeded In a most ex traordinary degree In Imposing upon Europe the complete conviction that wo are absolutely disinterested. The consequence Is that there Is scarcely a man, woman or child who can read In Europe that oes not look to the United States as the ultimate source from which they must receive assur ances and guardianship In the liberties which they have now secured after so many generations of struggle. "This Is not a problem of protecting the big nations, for the few that re main can well look after themselves. What we havo done Is to set up a score of little democracies, and If the American people could visualize their handiwork they would Insist with the same fletvrmlnatlon that they did In 1817 that )ur government proceed," Paid for Listening For 123 years a sermon has been preached In Ilendon (Eng.) parish church on the text, "Human life Is a bubble." Richard Johnson, who d'ed la 1795, left the masters and wardens of Iho Stationers' company trustees of his estate, and out of the Interest the tear of Ilendon was to receive one guinea for preaching this sermon, and two wardens of the company a guinea each for listening to it Rich Brazilian Forests. There are more than 300 varieties of woods In the Sao ' Paulo region alone and as a whole Brazilian forests not only abound in the finest of woods but are of enormous extent. 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