WiilS1
RilBffiMtyJS
-i 1 1 rr .1 f
Mr. Wllllnm A. Hadfora will Answer
UPHtlons and Klvo advice FREE OF
COST on all subjects pertaining to the
ubjeet of bulldlnK for the readers of
this paper. On account of Ills wide expe-
flence as Editor, Author and Manufac
urer, he Is, without doubt, the hlKhest
authority on all these subjects. Address
U inquiries to 'Wllllnm A. Kadford, No.
4 Fifth Ave.. Chlcniro. III., and only
inclose two-cent stamp for reply.
It was predicted not so very long
ago that the popularity of the bunga
low would be short-lived, that It was
a fad that w"ould soon die out, but
such has not been the case. More
bungalows have been built this year
than ever before, and It Is probable
that next year there will be an In
crease over tho number of this year,
tt la not difficult to find the cause for
the popularity of the small house. The
bungalow appeals to that instinct In
us that yearns for cosiness. That Is
tbout all there is to it. Palaces and
mansions attract and they are grand.
But the human heart warms to the
cottage. It Is not going without the
bounds of truth to say that there is
probably more real happiness in one
bungalow or In one cottage thqn in a
Jozen palaces where you have to put
Dn your dress suit every night before
fou come down to dinner.
You take human nature the world
over and it is about the same whether
It la clothed in full dress or blue Jeans.
It is safe to say that the Fifth avenue
millionaire in New York often dreams
of living In a cottage bereft of care
and the responsibility of keeping a
corps of servants from ruining him.
The man who comes to his bungalow
at night Is met at his door by his wife
and children, he kisses them, takes
"4 '
it ? . V ..
?vT
i
Off his hat and coat and washes his
lace and hands and sits down to his
Simple but hearty evening meal with
out fuss and feathers; he Is the real
iing. This His Majesty, the American
Citizen, and the millionaire in his pal
ace envies him.
The hominess of the bungalow Is the
reason why so many of them are be
ing built. The house is not the home.
It is only the frame of the home, the
tangible expression of it. If there is
affection and congenial spirit Inside
the bungalow is sufficient in Its sim
plicity and sincerity. If there must be
show and ostentation to cover up un
happlness then take to the mansion
and the palace.
Architects have been devoting their
time and talents of late years to devel
oping this type of house to its highest
perfection, and all their endeavors
have been along the line of expressing
Floor Plan.
ihe true home instinct. That is true
architectural art which develops in
tangible form the emotions of the
turn a nheart. The architect, there
Xore, la now almost telling us the char
acter of the man who lives In the
fcouse designed by him. You take the
average man who lives In a bungalow
and you will find he is a home lover.
That means he is good to tils wife and
family. They are not on his pay roll.
He is one of them and with them. His
children hc.ve no father, but the man
who might tie the father Is to them a
ort of elder brother. The wife has
tio husband, but a pal. They put In
their Saturday afternoons together In
the garden or in epoiU together. May
be they work together trimming the
shrubbery. That Is your bungalow
family an ideal existence where love
rules and a place as near heaven as
we can get and still be on earth.
The bungalow we chow here has a
charm about it. The pimple fact about
It is that it is homey and Rives the im
pression of simplicity and comfort.
An abundance of light Is offered from
bay windows and the arrangement of
other windows about the structure.
This bungalow is 31 feet wide and 40
feet long. All the rooms are on one
floor and there are no stairs to climb.
This fact will arpeftl to the house
keeper who has to take many steps up
and down stairs dir li s the day. Yet
there Is no crowdlrp r.nd the rooms
are arranged w!t'i fle srec!al idea of
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EDITOR .
convenience. As a matter of fact,
any house should be planned first with
the view of ease in taking care of tho
house work. The house should be
planned from the lnsldo and not from
the outside. There Is a good-sized
parlor opening off the vestibule and
back of this is the dining and living
room. The kitchen Is back of the din
ing room and here a cupboard can be
provided in lieu of a pantry. There
are two chambers and the bathroom Is
conveniently located between them.
BJORNSON'S IDEA OF AMERICA
"A
Dangerous Stepmother Rich
Beautiful," Said the Gifted
Norwegian.
and
Hjornson lectured in America in
1880, and has always had friends and
admirers in this country. Bernard
Stahl, who has lately published in
New York a translation of "VVIse
Knut," one of Ujornson's most charac
teristic tales, gives an Interesting ac
count of his last meeting with "the
master" in Christiania in 1902, says
Current Literature. The occasion was
a birthday banquet held in honor of
Bjornson's seventieth anniversary.
There were two main tables. At the
head of one sat the guest of honor, at
the other Nansen, recently returned
from his memorable trip to the north.
"Many a mery Jest," Mr. Stahl records,
"flew from one table to another; and
though it might be difficult, at a glance,
to tell which of the two giants looked
the younger, it was easy enough to
determine which of the two swords
" , V A
. iff U 1 .
, N '' A
beat sharpest The author had the
readier wit"
Mr. Stahl's narrative proceeds: "The
famous master had a cordial hand
shake and a cheerful word for all. I
was Introduced to this uncrowned Nor
wegian king by his son BJorn BJorn
son, who at that time was director of
the new National theater, for which
the old master had done so much. 1
have met many a big man whose
thoughts have been far away while ap
parently speaking with interest to his
listener, but not so with BJornson. If
he spoke or listened at all he put both
his soul nd body into the subject so
to speak.
"Speaking about his old love for
America, he said: 'Several of the en
terprising American managers have
tried hard to get me across the water
again, but so far I have resisted the
temptation though with a sore heart.
Not that I am afraid of touring the
country and turning out a hundred
lectures, no sir; but what I'm afraid
of, I am sorry to say, is the hospitality
of the American people. Look at Nan
Ben there! He seems quite able-bodied,
doesn't he? Well, sir, he had to "beat
It," as they say in America, and why?
On account of too much champagne!'
And his eyes sparkled with mirth aa
he emitted a roar of buoyant laughter.
However, I may risk it,' he continued
seriously, I shall have to say many
a harsh word to young America,
though, because she has deprived Nor
way of her best children, although she
deserves praise for tho great oppor
tunities she has given most of them.
She is a dangerous stepmother be
cause she is rich, and beautiful wom
en are dangerous through their power
over young men.' And again he laugh
ed. And the BOO guests Joined him.
Joined him heartily, because his laugh
ter was such that it could set the sun
dancing on the mountain tops In wid
winter, and that means much In Nor
way." Timber Used in Paoer.
According to tho report which th6
forestry bureau of tho United States
department of agriculture made in
1908, an area half the kIzo of Rhode
Island Is shipped every year in spruce
timber to make paper; the publishers
of the country are using more than
3.SOO.0OO cordH of wood each year.
One New York paper used last year
77,C3:!,87j pounds of white paper, or
an average of 211,873 pounds a day.
Reversed.
Miss BiUely So you have given
up advocating woman's rights?
Miss Passee Yes; I now go In for
women's lefts.
M1k8 IUl.ely Women's lefts? What'a
that?
Miss Passee Widowers. Tlt lilts.
Wouldn't Stay Where It Belonged.
i r .I,.
hub. .ii.uiuei 1 1 j k uai, do you
mean to tell me that your splendid
curly nairca cook has left? Couldn't
you nrtike her stay?
Mrs. Mandervllie Oh, yes; we could
have made her stny easily enough
the trouble was couldn't make her
bair stv.
CLEARING CITY STREETS OF DOGS
FOR centuries the thoroughfares of Constantinople have been the abode
of hordes of dogs, which In these enlightened days have been declared
a nuisance. They are being deported to an island, and under natural con
ditions, are to be allowed to die out
The Illustration shows the method employed to capture the dogs on
the street of the Turkish capital.
Weapon Could Wipe Out Whole
Army in a Jiffy.
Machine Invented by Swiss Fire Mil
lion Bullets an Hour Without
Use of Powder, So Press
Agent Claims.
New York. A gun that, its Inventor
says, can shoot 1,000,000 bullets an
hour at a cost of $20; that uses neith
er powder nor compressed air, and
that fires bullets that do not require
shells, was shot for the enlightenment
of a delegation of New York reporters
the other day. They saw the gun
shoot, but they wore not permitted to
see that part of the gun out of which
the little steel bullets came with auch
rapidity.
A Swiss named Bangerter was In
troduced as the Inventor, and the
press agent who staged the exhibition
stated that Uangerter used to make
watches.
The reporters asked nearly as many
questions as the number of bullets
this terrible weapon is said to be able
to discharge, but there was no infor
mation coming as to what made the
gun so lavish In the distribution of
its little steel missiles. In order that
the secret should be maintained that
part of the mechanism that it is said
causes the rapid shooting was cov
ered with oilcloth. Only the motor
that operates the gun and the little
bucketlike receptacles into which the
bullets are poured by the quart were
visible to the reporters.
The exhibition was on the third
floor of the building at 79 Broad
Btreet, Stapleton, S. I. In a. little room,
adjoining that in which were placed
the reporters was the gun. There
were targets made of a series of big
boards arranged in box fashion, each
plank about a foot behind the one in
FAT man in stolen clothes
Police Stop Man of Enormoua Propor
tion and Find Him Arrayed In
Many Suits.
New York. "That fellow Just
ahead is a lot too fat for his height,"
said Acting Captain McLaughlin of
the Alexander avenue police station to
Patrolman Foster as the two were
strolling along Third avenue.
"He does seem about as broad as
he's long," assented Foster.
"Let's follow him," said McLaugh
lin. So the policemen trailed the fat
person to the bridge at One hundred
and Thirty-fourth street and Third
avenue and there stopped him. In
spection showed that he was wearing
an unusual amount of clothing.
"What's the matter with you?"
asked McLaughlin.
"I was sick and afraid I'd take
cold," was the reply. The walking
clothing store was peeled In the po
lice station. The police say he wore
twelve coats, six pairs of trousers, an
waistcoat, and one unfinished skirt of
the hobble variety. He did not exact
ly wear the skirt. It was strapped
around his waist.
Tho prisoner Bald he was William
Young, twenty-four years, a plasterer.
with no home except when he lived
with his slBter at Paterson, N. J. Mc
Laughlin Bays Young admitted that he
broke Into a tailor's Bhop at Glover
and Westchester avenues and took the
clothing.
Pure Copper In Streets.
Reno, Nev. Street workmen In the
center of Reno uncovered a ten-foot
ledge of almoBt pure copper. Tho
ledge is apparently permanent. It
lies ten feet under the surface.
HISTORIC SPOT IS DOOMED
Old Mansion of Lincoln' Inn Field
Are to Be Pulled Down Famous
Men Lived There.
London. The march of that vandal,
"Progress," which is gradually clear
in London of Its ancient, historic
laii('.n ;.iks, has now reached Lincoln's
h.ii I ielda. thu luifest and most beav.
tilul square that is lc-rt. Two ccq
teiles ai;o, and down to the later
(leorgian period. Lincoln's Inn Fields
y;ih the abode or many distinguished
men. Then came the days of degen
er:it'.t:n, win u society went westward,
rt;d in 'recent times the historic man
Hutu have been used as chambers for
l.rolesrlonal men, chiefly lawyers.
Tl e. wholo of the west Hide is now
doomed. The house occupied by the
(.luhcs.i of Portsmouth, ono of tho
favorites of tlio "Merrie Monarch,"
whs domolii.lie 1 several years ago, so
l hat a new Sardinia Btreet might be
frmd. No f,2, where Thomaa Camp
bell occupied chamber after the death
of hi wife, has been pulled down, and
. -
front of It. There were four boards
In each target.
At four p. m. the shooting began.
The first of the targets were dragged
into position. A moment later tho
motor started up. Then the bullets
started to fly. They riddled the tar
get Into a pile of splinters a Toot high.
ana tney did it in lens than a minute.
All in all, it was estimated that no
less than 15,000 bullets pierced the
target. Not only the first of the big
boards 'was riddled into a shapeless
mass, but each of the other three as
well. There was hardly enough left
of the target to make a dozen decent
sized Bafety matches.
The reporters were permitted then
to enter the gunroom. They saw a
motor, from the wheel of which a belt
was operated. The belt connected tho
motor with another. wheel, which was
a part of the mechanism on the top
of which was the oilcloth-covered
weapon out of which the bullets came.
They also saw the little buckets, on
either side of the gun, into which tho
bullets are poured as they are needed.
The reporters asked to see the gun
in operation. Mr. Bangerter ordered
another target swung into position.
There was another whirl and a sec
ond storm of bullets struck the target
The fusilade lasted about ten seconds.
Again was the target demolished.
But Mr. Bangerter and his asso
ciates refused to say anything about
what was under the oilcloth in the
little gunroom. They did give out a
typewritten statement, however, say
ing that ono of these guns "could
face an army of thirty regiments of
soldiers or 30,000 men, and could mow
down that entire body of men as
easy as a knife cuts the grass. There
Is no earthly possibility for any army
to successfully face the fire from a
gun of this kind, which pours a verit
able hailstorm of bullets into the at
tacking forces, who must either sac
rifice their lives or turn In retreat.
RUSSIAN STURGEON IN GULF
Big Fish, Which Provide World's Sup
ply of Caviar, Migrating
From Europe.
.
New Orleans. Russian sturgeons,
the fish which have been the source
of millions in hevenue to the Russian
empire on account of the eggs, or roe,
which provide the world's market
with caviar, are migrating to the
Gulf of Mexico. Hundreds of them
are reported to be along the gulf
coast, and there la In the possession
of the state game commission a
specimen caught In Barataria bay
which weighed 167 pounds. This was
the largest sturgeon ever captured in
these waters and Is preserved for
exhibition purposes by the game com
mission. It was purchased by Presi
dent P. M. Miller for $33 from the
fisherman who captured It in his nets.
?be meat of the fish is said to be
the finest known and brings about
25 cents a pound wholesale. The fish
caught had almost sixty pounds of
roe, which Is worth $1.75 a pound.
The meat and roe was sold to a local
restauranteur, where the caviar waa
served as a great delicacy.
Assistant Secretary Henry Jacobs
of the game commission says that
the Russian sturgeon's habitat is In
the Caspian and Black seas, where
hundreds of persons make a liveli
hood capturing and preserving them.
This Industry has been In progress
for many decades, and the caviar has
been shipped to every part of the
world, netting millions to the corpora
tions engaged In the pursuit. Tho
fish Is migratory, however, when
closely pursued and it la said that
on tho Bite an Imposing block of com
mercial buildings Is raising Its head.
Alfred Tennyson when a young man
occupied chambers at No. 55, and It
was there that he used to meet his
friend Hallam of the "In Memorlam."
Tliia house is to be pulled down very
bhortly, and so is No. 58, wlih which
are connected many Dickens BBsocia
tions. Tho mansion was occupied by
John Forstcr, author of the "Ufa of
Dickers," and In "Bleak House" It Is
referred to as Fulklngton House. It
was there that Charles Dickens in
1841 read "The Chimes" In the pres
ence of a distinguished company of
lrlends.
Probably the most notable mansion
of the lot to be demolished shortly Is
No. 07 Lincoln's Inn Fields, or New
castle House, which stands at the
northwest corner, and which la en
riched with the crest and shield In
color of three or four noblemen. It
take Us name from the Duke of New
castle, who was prime minister In the
reign of George 1L ,
ODD FISH FROM SEA DEPTHS
Brought to the Surface by Repairing
Government Cable Along the
Paclflo Coast.
Seattle, Wash. Strange tnonsten
the like of which have nelJom been
seen by man were dragged from a
depth of 8,fi00 feet by the crew of the
cable ship Btirnslde when they re
paired tho Alaska cable off Mount St
Kllas last month.
The Bumslde is moored at Its buoy
In Elliott bay after two months of re
pairing and relnylng the cables of the
United States army and signal corps
syrtcm. On board were a score ol
huge flasks filled with alcohol. In
them floated strange shapes which It
was hard to believe were once living
creatures.
Ball!" of red hair which looked like
tousled human heads proved upon dis
section to be a M range kind of deep
water crab. Flesh colored round
n. asses were found clinging to tha
cable by minute tentacles. , One crea
ture Is shnped like the dlablo toy, nar
row In tho mlddlo with big concave
whlto disks at elther'end by which It
catches hold of any object. The sail
ors on board tho llurnslde have named
It the Hpool.
Ai 1 lu-i r'rancc marine creature la
shaped like an octopus but has at
least twe dozen tentacles Inatead of
elqht. Many octopuses were found
tlintrlng to the cable, but they were
thought too common to preserve.
Whole pcctlons of tho cablo pulled up
for inspection were found covered sev
eral feet deep with strange planta and
animal life. Seaweed, black Instead of
green, sponges and sea urchins pre
dominated. Probably the strangest creature
found ou the cable was a flesh colored
fish not more than four feet long
which Mas found enveloped In the ten
tacle s of a young octopus. When
birught to the surface its bouv was
swollen like a balloon. Dr. J. E. Ma
lonev, the phip's surgeon, who exam
Ined it, said he believed tho fish was
choked by the hold of the octopuB.
The Hoctlon of the cable upon which
all this strange life was found had
been down ten years at a depth of a
tnilo and a half. Tho specimens which
have been preserved and which are
now on Loard the llurnslde are to be
banded over to the Smithsonian insti
tution for scientific study.
GIRLS TAKE UP HOMESTEADS
Young Women In Colorado Prepare tc
Teach School and Alto Prove
' Claims.
Greeley, Col. Tenching school and
homesteadlng land will bo the com
bined industries of some fifty young
eastern girls in Weld couuty this
Bchool year.
Recently these teachers have been
busy building their claim chanties,
and in many cases the girls have
done the work themselves.
Whenever possible four girls have
taken up adjoining quarter sections,
and hnve erected a common home at
the point where the four claims meet
tho house being bo arranged that one
room is located on each claim. Each
young woman will occupy tho room
on her own land, tana- fulfilling the
requirement of tho homestead lai
which demands that the person taking
up the land live on it for a certain
period of the year.
for years they have been moving
towards the Atlantic. They are be
coming almost extinct in Russian wa
ters, but it is said It will not be long
before great fisheries for the sturgeon
can be established along the gulf
coast.
On account of the scarcity of the
sturgeon roe In Russia the roe of the
spoonbill catfish, which has its habitat
In the Atchafalaya river, has been
shipped for months to Russia.
The meat of the Louisiana spoon
bill catfish sells for 17 cents a pound
and the roe for $1.50. It is caught
only In the Atchafalaya river, and In
order to protect the fish and propa
gate it more rapidly a fishery Is to
be established by the game commis
sion somewhere along that stream.
Pish Thief Had Wings.
York, Pa Tho disappearance of
some of tho finest fish from a private
pond owned by Prlco Whltaker, at
Delta, led him to keep watch with his
shotgun for the poaching fisherman.
Ho was greatly surprised to see a
great blue heron flap down and begin
stabbing the fish with its beak. Whit
taker shot tho heron, which stood 5
feet high and measured 5 feet 10
Inches from Up to tip of Its wings.
Athlete Rewarded for Heroism.
Iondon. The well known Interna
tional footballer, Sam Thompson, of
Preston North End, has been pre
sented with the Royal Humane so
ciety's certificate for rescuing two
boys from drowning in the Hlvcr Kib
ble. UNUSED TO FASHION'S WAYS
Pittsburg Family Call Phylclan
When Maid Eats Bath Tablets
Through Ignorance.
Pittsburg. Mary RojesvcBky, a Pol
ish girl employed by a wealthy east
end family, Is dangerously ill, the ro-
suit of oat lug bath tablets.
Mary has been in the country only
u few months, and in that time has
been solving the intricacies of tha
American lady's toilet The other day
she purchased some bath perfume tab
lots. Il:ioro retiring at night she
stepped into the bath tirb and then
swallowed two of the tablets.
Several hours later tho family hur
riedly tailed a physician for the girl.
Slick.
"Doesn t It give you horrors when
you think of all thu slimy germs on
money?"
"How do jou know that they ara
slimy?"
"Judging from the way money slips
through my fingers they must be."
if? What
-M l m . J
RAILROAD PRESIDENT7
Why not? By far th greater
number of the country's rail
road presidents worked their
way up from tn bottom Nu
merous ways to work up, but
the most satisfactory Is on
the engineering side The vari
ous steps that lie before the
boy who starts In carrying
stakes for a railroad surveying
corps The responsibilities and
the pay.
By C. W. JENNINGS.
F tho average boy were
asked which he had sooner
be, president of the United
States, the world's greatest
detective, leader of the
biggest band, or prealdent
of a railroad. It la doubtful what the
answer would be. Probably, after long
consideration, he would say all four.
Anyhow, he would have only one
chance In some forty million every
four years of being the nation's presi
dent, and to be the detective or Uie
band leader would depend somewhat
ttpon natural talents, which he might
or might not possess.
Therefore, ho would do well, prob
ably, to select the railroad presidency;
for that position requires no special
genius, and It la simply a matter of
getting a starting Job, whloh Is not
particularly difficult, working hard,"
and attending strictly to business,
and the chances are not at all obscure
that he will reach the coveted goal
sooner or later.
If your boy has his mind set on
striving for a railroad presidency, and
you believe he Is wise In doing bo,
there la no end of places to begin, for
tnere are numberless tried avenues
leading to the presidency Buch as
first getting a Job as a section hand,
or as a clerk In a railroad office, or
roustabout and assistant In a small
station. Today the railroad presl
dents who began In these and similar
lowly positions, are by no means
scarce In fact, they are In the ma
Jority.
But your boy wants to get out Into
the wilderness, so to speak, and learn
railroading literally from the ground
up that Is, he wants to become a
civil engineer and build railroads be
fore he bosses one? Fine! For by
far the largest number of railroad
presidents who have worked thehw
way up from the crowd began on the
building side, tho engineering sldo, of
railroading learned the life literally
from the ground up. Without excep
tion, every president that one of the
country's most famous railroads has
had began In a humble position on the
construction side; and It la almost a
railroad world axiom tnat a successful
railroad president must know thor
oughly how a railroad Is built and how
Its physical condition Is kept up to
standard. The reason Is obvious.
Well, then, your toy desires to
make hlB start for a railroad presi
dency in this manner what must he
know? Without doubt he ought to
have a good high school education be
fore applying for a Job; for he will
not get very far before there will be
figuring and other things to do that
an ignoramus couldn't hope to sur
mount, and he could not get much be
yond the bottom otherwise. (Of
course, a boy with determination can
do anything he sets out to do, and he
might self-teach himself at nights and
other times; but that is not the kind
of hustler now under consideration.)
Probably the Initial work given your
sixteen or eighteen-year-old boy will
not appear aa If It would lead to any
where at all; for likely It will be noth
ing more than carrying stakes for sur
veying corps In the field, going back
to camp on errands, and doing things
(generally that are little more than
chores. But all this time he will be
Wetting familiar with the methods of
blazing trails through the wilderness
that are ultimately to be the line of a
completed railroad. They are far from
civilization and have to supply their
own food and clothing, and many a
bight, Bleeping beneath the stars after
a long, hard tramp, the boy will think
of his home comforts and long for an
easier lot. But he sticks to It, as any
boy must that expects to get on; and
he should rest assured that the boss
of the outfit Is watching him and will
promote him the minute he shows
that he Is prepared to go on.
Before long he will be an axman,
then a chalnman, when bis pay will be
anywhere from thirty-five to fifty dol
lars a month. In the beginning, he
will not get much. If anything; for
there are other boys that have mapped
out railroad careers for themselves
and many of them are willing to work
for almoBt next to nothing till they
get above tho stake-carrying stage.
The first distinct promotion that
amounta to anything will be from ax
man or chalnman to rodman, the man
that manipulates the long pole with
rows of figures on It that everybody
sees with surveying pnrtloB. He gets
from forty to sixty dollars a month
which Is not at all bad, considering
that food and clothing requirements
are not expensive, and that the pro
motion to this post is a sure sign that
your boy Is getting on.
Then, If the boy has been observing
what the others do, and asking ques
tions, and getting posted, he will be
come Instrument man after awhile,
and run the level or transit, and will
receive anywhere from sixty to ninety
dollars a month.
But right here, or before. It will be
necessary for the boy to get some
more schooling, If he expects to get
much higher In bis work; from ln
wtn&nent man on will come np tech
sQvdrements that mak It al
-Shall M BcJS
i 1 . 1 I k M I 1 I
most necessary
equivalent of a
for him to have the
four-year's course in
a school of civil engineering. The boy
has aoon learned this, of course, and
has saved hln money, or haa been lay
ing off for a few months now and then
to devote to studying; or, if he should
have happened to have work at a
terminal near or In a city, he has been
able to attend night school. There
are a lot of ways In which an ambi
tious youth can get this technical
training.
As a general thing the worker Is
somewhere around twenty-five years
old by the time he has got the neces
sary schooling and all the advance- n
merit he can from being merely an in
strument man, and is ready to go on.
We shall say that he has elected to
leave the construction corps and go
on with the maintenance department,
which takes care of maintains com
pleted track, and has come In from
the wllderneas and been made rod
man In the office of one of the division
engineers. All rallroaas have pretty
much the same lines of advancement:
but we shall take the procedure fol
lowed by a railroad whose mainten
ance department Is world-famous.
Having been thoroughly tested by
the division engineer and found to
merit advancement both because of
his knowledge of engineering and his
seeming ability to handle men of th
section gang sort, your boy ultimately
finds himself an assistant supervisor
of one of the road's branches, at a
salary of about one hundred dollars,
a month. The supervisor Is the direct
controlling head of track foremen and
laborers and attends to the mainten
ance of all bridges, track and road
bed over a stretch of forty to fifty
miles.
This Is the boy's real try out In ex
ecutive work, and If he sizes up to his
new responsibilities, he will be sent to
similar work on the main line. This
t'tne, however, owing to Its greater
Importance, he will have only twenty
five to thirty miles to look after; but
his pay will be about a hundred and
twenty-five dollars a month. Then he
goes back to .the branch line, this
time as supervisor, at a hundred and
fifty dollars; and before long takes a
similar post on the main line, at a
further Increase In salary of twenty
five dollars a month.
The next step taken Is when your
boy becomes division engineer of a
branch line. Then he goes as divi
sion engineer on the main line, his
work covering a hundred to one hun
dred and twenty-five miles of road, at
two hundred and seventy-five dollars
monthly.
Following this, be will be assistant
principal engineer at three hundred
and fifty dollars to four hundred dol
lars a month. This office Is directly
under one of the general superintend
ents, who supervise tne work of the
engineers of four to eight divisions.
Of course, your boy will before long
be made a general superintendent!
himself, getting from four hundred to
one thousand dollars a month, and
after he has worked up to the bead
of the most Important place in this
branch of the business, will be In di
rect line for the post of general man
ager. From there be goes straight
through to vice-president, and the goal
of president at last, at a salary that
may rival that received by the presi
dent of the United States, or even
top It.
But should the boy have gone on
from rodman to Instrument man In
the construction department, he would
next be made chief of the surveyln
party under the engineer at a monthly
salary of seventy-five to one hundred
and twenty-five dollars. Then hi
would be an engineer of construction,
working directly under the chief en
glneer, at anywhere from one hun
dred to three hundred dollars a month.
His work here might be In the field
or In constructing terminals or othet
Improvements in a city, aud would b
a direct stepping stone to the chlel
engineer's post, where, as assistant
to the latter, he would receive front
three hundred to five hundred doll an
a month.
Then he would become chief engi
neer and afterward might be made
president of the system or be called
to some of the greatest engineering
enterprises In the world, Buch as lay
ing out entirely new systems of rail
road In hitherto unexplored regions,
superintending the construction of
canals or gigantic reservoir systems,
or directing vast projects of any kind
that have anything to do with trans
portation. Every ader will recall
that It was only four years ago that
John F. Stevens, chief engineer of the
Great Northern railway, was made
chief engineer of the Panama canal,
about the highest engineering position -in
the world. And yet r,:r. Stevens is
now only fifty-six years old, and he
was once a rodman with an obscure
surveying crew. He became chief en
gineer of the Sabine Pass & North
western railway when he was only
twenty-three, showing what a young
man of grit and energy can do.
Hailroad positions, by their very re
:y;fvl Alt JjNsLVJra
quirements and responsibilities, must
go to those who have proved their
ability to fill them. Pull may get one
a place at times; but It will rest upon
his merit to keep it; for there Is too
much ut stake to run risks from in
competent employees. And the de
velopment of tho country Is so rapid
nowadays that there is always a
shortage of men able to take the high
est position. It is a fan that there is.
probably more room at tho top for
the ambitious young man In railroad
ing than In any other line of activity.
It Is up to the sole efforts of the youth,
making his start as stake-carrier or
station porter or section hand to get
there.
(Copyright, 1910. by tha AaiocUted UK
rary Pre.)
Y