lAfFlSIDELOWER
its TIPTin III Til n
President Tells Standpatter He In
tend to See That Downward
1 Revision Wins.
STATEMENT AS THREAT OF VETO
Xecutlve Meets Arguments of Con
gressmen by Declaring Party
Pledges Shall Be Kept
President Taft clarified the tariff
situation Friday by issuing his first
formal statement on the subject. This
statement, made after a conference
with twenty-two Republican and one
Democratic representative who de
manded a high protective tarlfT, fol
lows: "Mr. Young of Michigan opposed
Tree ore; Mr. Mondell opposed free
coal or reciprocity with Canada and
free hides; each on the ground that
the policy would Injure the Interests
In his State, and a discussion was par
tlclpated In by other representatives,
who urged that the doctrine of free
raw materials was not a Republican
doctrine.
"The President replied that he was
Hot committed to the principle of free
raw materials, but that he was com
mitted to the principle of a downward
revision of the tariff which he had
promised, and that he was obliged to
look at the matter not from the
standpoint of any particular district,
but from the standpoint of the whole
country, and also from the standpoint
of responsibility for the entire Re
publican party.
"lie said the question In each cam
was a question of fact, to be deter
mined by evidence, as to whether the
present duty was needed for protec
tion or whether the rates was exces
sive, so that a downward revision, or
putting the article on the free list,
would not Injure the Industry.
Taft Define the laauea.
"He repeated the platform of the
Republican party and said that be
had always understood that it meant
a downward revision In many In
stances, though perhaps In some few
Instances an Increase might be need
ed; that he reached this construction
of the platform on what he under
Stood to be the principle of protection
and Ha Justification namely, that
after an Industry was protected by a
duty equal to the difference between
the cost of production In this country,
Including a fair profit to the manu
facturer, the energy and enterprise of
American business men and capital
ists, the effectiveness of American
labor and the ingenuity of American
Inventors under the Impulse of compe
tition behind the tariff wall would
reduce the cost of production, and
that, with the reduction in the cost
of production, the tariff rate would
become unnecessarily high and ought
to be reduced.
"This was the normal operation of
the tariff as claimed by the defenders
Of the protective system not in every
case, but as a general rule that of
course a revision of the tariff could
not be perfect, must have defects and
inconsistencies, but in so far as his
Influence went when called upon to
act In connection with legislation it
would be thrown In the direction of
performing the promises of the party
as he understood them; and that if
Iron ore nnd oil and coal and hides
did no', need protection and the con
ditions were such as to enable the ore
producers and the oil producers and
the coal producers and the producers
Of hides to compete successfully, with
out reduction of wages, with the pro
ducers from abroad, then they did not
need a duty and their articles should
go on the free list.
"It was a question of fart which he
nopid to make up his mind with re
spect to, on such evidence as was
available to him in order to carry out
what he understood to bo the prom
ises of the party to th who! people.
He said he felt that his position as
the titular head of . the Republican
party and as President, with the
whole people as his constituency, gave
him a somewhat broader point of view
than that of a single member of Con
gress In respect to articles produced
In his district. He felt strongly the
call of the country for a downward
revision within the limitations of the
protective principle, and he hoped to
be able to respond to that call as he
beard it, as well in the Interests of
the party as of the country."
LAND FILING IN WASHINGTON.
SOO.OOO Applications ICxpaeted fort
ladlaa Heaervatlona la West.
Twenty-five thousand men and worn
n are expected to file applications for
lands in the Coeur d'Alene, Spokane
ana tnatnead Indian reservations. In
8pokane alone 7,000 applications are
xpected, while the Hat at Coeur
d'AIeno, Idaho, may exceed that num
ber. It is estimated that 100,000 men
and women will file for lands, many
applying for all three reservations,
making a grand total of 200,000 appli
cations by August 5. Krora 15,000 to
20,000 applications from veteran sol
oiers ana sailors are expected. It is
believed that one applicant la fifteen
will be able to secure a homestead
worth taking up.
Elevted Head of Klka.
At the completion of the official
count of the Grand Lo.I;e. B. O,
Elks, it was announced that J. U. cam
ml of Iowa had been elected Grand
Exalted Ruler over Garry Herrmann
of Clnclnnafjfcjby 63 votes. The official
vote was: Bain nils, wz; Herrman, 629
fclurk Vlalla tba ! Sacaaa.
The princess ae ugan, who was
ills Anna Gould of New York, has
(riven birth to a boy. Prince Hello do
quarried on July 7, 1908.
WHl ASK DEATH PENALTY.
Prosecutor Holds Four Responsible
for Murder of Banker Baylor.
State's Attorney John D. Palllssard
in Watseka, 111., announced that he
would 8Rk the death penalty for all
four defendants In the murder of
Ranker John Byron Sayler Dr. V. R.
Miller, Mrs. Lucy Sayler, John Grun
den and Ira Grunden.
Mrs. Cora Miller, wife of the ac
cused physician, who Is In Watseka
w4thn uncle, John Marshall of Blalrs
vllle, Pa., has $250,000 back of her In
her fight to free her husband. She re
pudiated a report that she had visited
Mrs. Sayler In the WaUeka Jail, and
declared her undying hatred for her
woman rival. Owing to Mrs. Miller's
peculiar position In the case that of
a witness for her husband and against
Mrs. Sayler It became probable that
there would be separate trials for Mil
ler and the other defendants. Mrs.
Sayler, her brother, Ira Grunden, and
her father, John Grunden, will be tried
on the charge of accessory to murder,
and MJIIer will be tried separately, It
In believed, on the direct charge of
murder..
With the opening of the vault In
Sayler's bank In which his private pa
pers were stored, evidence was brought
to light that not onlystsrtled Prosecut
ing Attornfy Palllssaid but caused
Golda, the 17-year-old daughter of the
slain man, to make a change of front
and express the opinion that her fath
er was foully murdered. Miss Sayler
shocked the community shortly after
the killing by stating that Dr. Miller
was a good friend of her mother and
shewas sure her father had been killed
by him In self-defense. Later she
stated that if her father had left her
any money every cent of it would be
spent toward bringing Dr. Miller to
the gallows and that she "would like
to pull the rope herself."
Attorneys for MUlor are said to hi
preparing to make a defense of insan
ity. State's Attorney Pelllssard an
nounced that the Information found in
Sayler's private box was of such na
ture that all who read the papers wer-3
put under an oath.
SAFE-CRACKERS ROB FOSTOFFTCE
Huntley, III., Strong Ho Looted of
S.00 In Cnah anil Stamp.
Safe-crackers blew open the safe of
the poatotllce at Huntley, 111., on the
Northwestern railroad, some time In
the night and escaped with about $500
in money and stamps. The robbery
was a daring one, the Interior of the
store being wrecked by the force of
the explosion. Postmaster E. H. Cook,
of Huntley, was the first to discover
the theft when he went to his drug
store in the morning. The postotfice
was located in the back of the store
and the robbers had been thorough In
their work of looting. No one, appa
rently, heard the sound of the explo
sion and the men worked with little
fear of discovery. The robbers stole
a horse from the barn of John Kelly
and drove about three miles east,
where they tied the animal. No further
trace of them was found.
SCION OF ROTHSCHILDS DEAD.
Reported to Have Killed Hlmnell
Beeauae of Lor Affair,
Baron Oskar Rothschild, the young
est son of Albert Rothschild, head ot
the Austrian branch of the Rothschild
house, died suddenly In Vienna. It
was reported that he committed sui
cide because of an unfortunate love
affair. Baron Oskar was 21 years old.
He returned to Vienna two days ago
after eight months spent In travel,
during which he vklied the linked
States. The Rothschild family deny
that the baron committed suicide.
They say his death was caused by
apoplexy.
The christening of the Infant Span
ish princess took place with the custo
mary ceremonies for such occasions.
The dignitaries of the land were pres
ent and representatives from other
countries.
The American liner. New York,
leached Plymouth, England, four hours
ahead of her nearest competitor In
race In which nine liners were partici
pants. The Hamburg-American steam-
er, Amerlka, was second.
It Is considered practically certain
that the assassination at Stockholm
recently of MaJ. vien. Heekman, Of the
Swedish coast artillery. Is the begin
nlng of an anarchistic demonstration
which wilt continue throughout the
tour of the ciur of Russia through Eu
rope.
une capital city or rersia was re
ported to have been completely Invest
ed by the armed forces of the revolu
tionary nationalists early In the week
and the only thing that prevented their
further occupation of Teheran was the
Joint ultimatum sent to their com
mander by the diplomatic, representa
tives of Russia and Great Britain
Lord Charles Beresford outlined his
naval policy before the Ixmdon Cham
ber of Commerce, saying that Unit
land's position was due purely to ar
rears In shipbuilding. Ho advocated
a plun whlcn would give the nation
twenty-six Dreudnaughts by 1914
which, with Improvement In stations
and stores, would cost about $300,000,-
000. At the close of the Imperial Press
Conference Beresford urged the crea
tion of five distinct navies, one foi
each of the five national divisions oi
the empire.
The new galleries of the Victoria
and Al'iert museum at South Kensing
ton, Ixinuon, the foundation stone of
which wus laid in 18 by the Queen
Victoria, have been formally opened
by lUng Hdwurd with full state cere
mony.
Ieluyed dispatches from Bogota,
Wednesday, told of an uprising ugulnst
the government which had started a
Ilarranqulila on July 4. A porrlon o
the army had made prisoners of the
municipal officers and had proclaimed
' oonxales Galencla as ureatdent
Later
, the revolutionists look possession
of
the Masrdalena River.
TORY FREES ELLA GINOLES.
Acquitted of Theft, but Verdict De
clares Stories of Attacks Untrue.
"We, the Jrry. find the defendant,
Ella Glngles, not g:ill:y. We further
find the charges made agaliist Miss
Anes Barrette to be unfounded and
untrue." With the foregoing double
tipped verdict the jury In Judge Bren
tano's court In Chicago wound up the
famous Glngles case the case of com
mon larceny which swelled Into one of
the greatest psychological puzzles In
legal annals and made reputation!
tremble with weird charges of "white
slavery" nnd amazing stories of psy
chopathic nature.
TI.e verdict at once was a release
for the girl from the chnrge of steal
ing lace and a vindication of the po
sition taken by the State, which was
that Ella Glngles lied In her terrible
story of mistreatment at the bands
of Miss Ilarrette, her accuser, and
Miss Barrette's associate. The deci
sion was reached after seven houri
of deliberation, during which five bal
lots were taken, the first being eight
to four for acquittal. From the time
of entering the Jury room the Jurors
were agreed that the story told by
the girl against Miss Barrette was un
true. The point upon which the four
Jurors who at first stood out for con
viction turned In their voting was
a doubt as to whether Ella Glngles
really stole two pieces of lace valued
at not more than $30 which Miss
Agnes Barrette said the girl took from
her Irish lace store in the Wellington
Hotel. The decision resulted in attor
neys for both sides rejoicing In the
fruits of victory a situation novel In
any court.
DON CARLOS, PRETENDER, DEAD.
Was Claimant for Throne of Spain
Followers to Recognize Alfonso.
Don Carlos of Bourbon, who waged
a war for the throne of Spain, to
which he claimed the right of succes
sion, died Sunday at Varese, In Lom
bardy, Italy, following a long illness.
Don Carlos of the house of Bourbon
had a strong following In the. north
of Spain, where he took up arms in
1872 to enforce his claims. He then
assumed the title of Chnrles VIII. and
clung to his position until 1876,-when
he was conquered by the forces of
Alfonso XII., who had been proclaimed
king at Madrid. Following his de
feat, the pretender withdrew to
France, where, as the senior male heir
of the Bourbon house, he had a right
to the throne In the event of the
restoration of the monarchy. His heir
is his son, Don Jaime, now an officer in
the Russian army.
Carlos' pretensions to the Spanish
throne were based on the ground that
Isabelle, daughter of Ferdinand VII.,
who was Don Carlos' granduncle, and
Christina, mother of Alfonso XII., ow
ing to the Salic law, were debarred
from succession. A recent report In
Spain, when It became known that
Carlos was desperately ill, was to the
effect that his followers would recog
nize King Alfonso upon Carlos' death.
Senor Llorens, a Carlist deputy, said
that when Carlos died his supporters
would organize the religious element
of the party Into a Catholic party sim
ilar to the German Centrists in the
Reichstag.
CLERK IS $10,000 THIEF.
Clayton T. Zimmerman, Jr., 20 Years
Old, Clears Up Mystery.
Clayton T. Zimmerman, Jr., a clerk
on a salary of $55 a month In the
'outmoney" office of the Adams Ex
press Company, In Chicago, was ar
rested Monday for the theft of tho
package of $10,0(10 In currency which
disappeared mysteriously the previous
Tuesday, baffling a score of detectives.
Zimmerman confessed taking the
money. He is 20 years old.
Handling close to $1,000,000 a day
In the office ot the express company
turned the young man's , head, and
when he saw an opportunity to "hold
out" a small fortune, he admits, he
secreted the $10,000 package and went
on about hla work. Zimmerman plan
ned to keep the money hidden for bIx
or Beven years and then build hlmselL
little home. He has a sweetheart
and expected to get married In a few
years. The young clerk also intended
to "plant" a portion of his "fortune"
In a small farm or In city real estate,
but he did not figure on using any of
the money until the company "had
time to forget Its loss." AH the money
but $U was recovered.
JEFF DAVIS' DAUGHTER DIES.
Mrs. llarea Laat ef President ot
Confederacy's Family.
Mrs. J. Addison Hayes. 54 years old.
daughter of the late Jefferon Davis,
President of the Confederacy, died
Sunday at her home In Colorado
Springs after an illness of six months.
Her husband was president ot the
First National Bank there. Mrs.
Hayes, the last of the family ot the
President of the Confederacy, after the
death Of her sister, Miss Winnie Davis,
made a trip Bouth a few years ago,
when she was made "the daughter ot
the Confederacy" in her sister's stead
Her mother, widow of the Southern
President, died in New York about
two years ago. Mrs. Hayes Is survived
by two sons, Jefferson Hayes Davis
and William Hayes, and two daugh
ters, Lucy and Mrs. Virginia Webb,
wife of Dr. Gerald B. Webb. Jefferson
Hayes D.ivta bears the name of his
grandfather through a special act of
the Legislature.
Meaaace to Snow Flllaa; Time.
The Poslal Telegraph Company has
begun sending the tiling time on mes
sages filed without charging the send
er. It was compelled to do so by a de
rision of tho Court of Appeals In
Baltimore.
sira. Marr Baker Rddr tiH,
Mrs. Mary Baker G. Eddy, founder
and leader ot the Christian Science
denomination, passed her 88th birth
day anniversary Friday at her resi
dence at Chestnut Hill, near Boston.
There was no particular observance.
BIG ARMY 08 STRIKE
US INDUSTRY REVIVES
Twenty to Thirty Thousand Men
in Pittsburg District Quit Work
as Resumption Comes.
MINE AND MTT.T. ARE CRIPPLED
Disorder at McKee's Boeks Quelle
by State Folice After Thirty
Men Are injured.
Between 25,000 and 30,000 workmen
coal miners, tin and sheet plate
workers and members of various steel
crafts are on strike In western Penn
sylvania, eastern Ohio and West Vir
ginia. A majority of the Idle men are
In the Pittsburg district Except the
strike at the plant of the Pressed Steel
Car Company at McKee's Rock, where
rioting resulted in the shooting and
beating of thirty persons, the strikes
are orderly.
The conflict between capital and la
bor In the Pittsburg district Is unique,
coming, as it does, at a time of re
turning prosperity. Resumptions have
been ordered In all trades, and men
who have been without work for many
months are being afforded employ
ment. On the other hand Is the pres
ent unrest of the workmen. Solutions
of the causes leading up to the strikes
are varied. In bcveral Instances the
men claim that their employers, tak
ing advantage of their recent prolong
ed Idleness, are offering them low
wages for their work. Tho officials as
sert conditions do not warrant higher
remuneration at this time. Other
grievances are the alleged violation of
the elght-houd workday, recognition of
organized labor, a controversy over
the use of so-called "safety" powder
for coal mine blasting and better
working conditions generally. In the
strike of the United Mine Workers
against the Pittsburg Coal Company
over 14,000 miners employed in the
mines In the Pittsburg district! are
out. The men claim vnrlous violations
of their working agreement.
Steel workers, unorganized, to the
number of about 3,500, are In conflict
with the Pressed Steel Car Company.
The men say the wages paid are too
low. Rioting and bloodshed has re
sulted during this strike, and further
trouble Is feared. The Amalgamated
Association of Iron, Steel and Tin
Workers is engaged in a strike
against the American Sheet and Tin
Plate Company, a subsidiary of the
United States Steel Corporation. Over
7,000 men, It Is estimated, are out.
The trouble la over the "open-shop"
policy recently declared by the com
pany. Three thousand members of the
Tin Plate Workers' Association em
ployed by the American Sheet aud Tin
Plate Company at New Castle quit
work to-day. The wage scale expires
at midnight and the men will Join the
strike of the Amalgamated Associa
tion. It Is said that the tin plate
workers' strike will affect plants in
different portions of the country, add
ing from 5,000 to 10,000 to the ranks
of the strikers. The trouble Is spread
ing to the Independent sheet and tin
Vats plants, and from present indica
tions there Is apparently no hops or
effort toward an adjustment.
Cable advices from Lemberg, Aus
tria, told of the outbreak of new anti
Hebrew aggressions, and 100 Jews and
landlords were said to have been slain
In Bessarabia, Southwestern Russia.
The christening of the Infant Span
ish princess took place with the custo
mary ceremonies for such occasions.
The dignitaries of the land were pres
ent and representatives from other
countries.
The American liner, New York,
reached Plymouth, England, four hours
ahead of her nearest competitor in a
race In which nine liners were partici
pants. The Hamburg-American steam
er, Amerlka, was second.
It Is considered practically certain
that the assasslnattlon at Stockholm
recently of MaJ. Gen, Heekman, of the
Swedish coast artillery, is the begin
ning of an anarchistic demonstration
which will continue throughout the
tour of the czar of Russia through Eu
rope. ,
The capital city of Persia was re
ported to have been completely invest
ed by the armed forces of the rM'olu
tlonary nationalists early In t'.ie week
and the only thing that prevented their
further occupation of Teheran was the
joint ultimatum sent to their com
mander by the diplomatic representa
tives of Russia and Great Britain.
Lord Charles Beresford outlined his
naval policy before the London Cham
ber of Commerce, saying that Eng
land's position wss due purely to ur
rears In shipbuilding. He advocated
a plan which would give the nation j
twenty-six Drradnaughts by 1914.
which, with Improvement In stations I
and stores, would cost about' $300,000,-
000. At the close of the Imperial Press
Conference Beresford urged the crea
tion of five distinct navies, one for
each of the .five national divisions of
the empire.
The new galleries of the Victoria
and Albert museum at South Kensing
ton, London, the foundation stone of
which was laid In 189 by the Queen
Victoria, have been formally opened
by King Edward with full state cere- .
mony.
Deluyed dispatches from Bogota,
Wednesday, told of an uprising against
the government which had started at
Kurranqullla on July 4. A porrlon of
the army had made prisoners of tha
municipal officers and had proclaimed
Gonzales Galencla as president Later
the revolutionists took possession of
Cartagena and of several steamers on
the Siagdalena River. I
ppilII51
BREAK COL. SHELL'S WILL.
furors for Eocond Time Set Aside
Last Testament of Millionaire.
The third contest over the will ot
Col. Thomas Sncll, of Clinton, 111,
the eccentric old man who died leav
ing an estate of $2,000,000 and cutting
his only son off with an annuity of
$30, was ended Friday when a Jury
decided that Col. Snell was Insane at
the time be made the will. This de
cision sets aside the bequest of sev
eral thousand dollars to Mabelle Snell
McNamara, the aged colonel's affinity.
The Jury was out a little more than
an hour and took but one ballot, which
resulted eleven to one for tho contest
ing son, Richard Snell. The dissent
ing Juror changed his vote without the
formality of a second ballot.
The first trial of the contest result
ed Mn a verdict that Col. Snell was
insane, but a higher court set aside
the verdict and remanded the case foi
another trial. If the will had stood
the legal heirs would have received,
all told, annuities aggregating $5,000,
and not exceeding $1,000 In any sin
gle case, while the residua of the for
tune would have been held in a weird
trust agreement for helra yet unborn
On the date set for a final dlstrlbu
Hon, In the terms of the will, the es
tate would have grown probably to
$100,000,000.
The Snell will ca3e will go down In
American court annals as furnishing
one of the most amazing Instances of
the depths to which women have de
scended to gain money. The most
Bensatlonal feature of all three hear
ings of the case was the introduction
of letters from nearly a score of wo
men, young and old, all of whom pro
fessed to love the aged millionaire
madly. To cater to a degenerate ten
dency which appeared to be one ot
Col. Snell's senile vagaries, the women
Interlarded their letters with unprint
able obscenities. The more vulgar the
tone of the letters the better pleased
the old man appeared to be, and It
was found when the letters were ex
posed that he had formed the habit
of marking them with his Impressions.
Scarcely a letter was written to the
doting old man by any of the women
which did not demand gifts and
money.
BARES BLACK HAND CRIME.
Youth of 18 Confesses He Killed
Rich Grocer.
Tony Baffa, an 18-year-old Italian
boy, who has been In this country only
three years, has confessed In the coun
ty Jail, in Chicago, the murder of
Giuseppe Fllllpelll, a grocer at 7737
Greenwood avenue, that city, at the
same time laying bare for what Is per
haps the first time in criminal his
tory the Inner workings of those Ital
ian societies, known collectively as
"The Black Hand," whose business Is
murder, mayhem, kidnaping and ex
tortion. The organization to which young
Baffa belonged was called by Its mem
bers the "Logulsto," an ironical trans
lation of which is "The Society of Jus
tice." Its other members, according
to Baffa's confession, were Antonio
Nudo, Rafaelo Nudo and Pasquale
Nudo, three brothers; Joseph or Giu
seppe Caro and a man called Ernesto,
whose surname Baffo does not know.
All of the men are laborers. Their
purpose In banding together, Baffa
says, was extortion by means of
"Black Hand" letters, and .there was
no crime they were not willing to
commit to accomplish their ends.
RICH WOMAN A SMUGGLER P
Indictment Returned Aa;alnat Mrs.
Fremont II. Cheabrouab...
An Indictment for smuggling was
handed down by the federal grand Jury
In New York against Mrs. Fremont B.
Chesbrough of Detroit, owner of the
Cheabrough coastwise line of steamers
running out of Boston. The true bill
was due to the discovery of a double
bottom in one of the trunks watch
Mrs. Chesbrough brought to this coun
try with her on the Kaiser Wllhelm
II. last May.. Wearing apparel ap
praised at several thousand dollars
was found In this hidden compartment.
A $23,000 necklace was turned over
to the customs officials by Mrs. Ches
brough's attorney. The woman is ill
In a sanitarium.
or
mi
Fitzhcrbert, 3-year-old, easily won
the recent suburban handicap in New
York.
Umpire Truby. of New York, has re
tired from the staff of National
League umpires.
Mrs. Ramsey and three companions
of New York are crossing the conti
nent to Sun Francisco In a motor car.
Jay Eye See. known the country
over as the first 2:10 trotter, died of
old age near Racine, Wisconsin.. He
was born In Kentucky thirty-one years
ago. Ills grave will be marked with a
granite shaft.
Newton Colver, a seasoned sports
man of Spokane, suggests that the cli
matic conditions In and around Seat
tle are conducive to extraordinary run
ning records such as have been mado
at that city during the past few yeurs.
At the conclusion of the Puducah
(Ky.) Fair Association's exhibit, there
will be a race meet. Over 300 horses
are expected at the tracks of tho I"u
ducuh Fair Association. These entries
will represent Oklahoma, Missouri,
Kentucky and other States.
Again has King Edward broken all
trudltlons by winning the James Pal
ace stakes, for 3-year-olds, at a mile,
with Minoru, who won the Derby.
Among the many New Jersey farms
where trotters and pacers are bred and
reared Is the place owned by Oeo.
Stengle, who rulses horses for the
pleasure he derives from the pursuit.
The greatest crowd that ever wit
nessed the historic annual contest be
tween Harvard and Yale watched the
crimson triumph over the blue on the
Thames at New London, Conn, liar
vard was the victor In three events. In
spite of the heroic efforts of her rival.
iff37
av r-
flSw
INROADS OF THE BID
MAIL ORDER HOUSES
Merchandise Sold in This Way Said
to Aggregate $900,000,000
Yearly.
INDUSTRY CENTERS IN CHICAGO
Thousands of Country Merchants and
Manufacturers In Middle West
Organize to Fight System.
There Is to be war to the knife be
tween the country stores In the Mid
dle West and the owners of the "mall
order business," which is centered in
Chicago, and the battle will be a bat
tle of giants. The mail order busi
ness has become a tremendous insti
tution. In Chicago two of these
aouses do a business aggregating $20,
000,000 a year and It Is said that the
total of merchandise sold by mall in
the United States yearly amounts to
$500,000,000.
Chicago Is the great center of this
huge commercial Industry. From that
city the catalogues of the mall order
houses go to every corner of rural
America. There is hardjy a farm
house or a woodchopper's cabin, no
matter how remote, where you will
not find one. These catalogues are
bulky tomes, almost as big as a fam
ily Bible. They weigh about five
pounds apiece and cost their sponsors
from 36 to 40 cents each for postage.
One house sends out 600,000 of them
every year, and the other a few thou
sand less. The expense of preparation
and printing is more than a million
iollars for each.
Organize for Protection.
The mail order houses have almost
ruined the business of a good many
manufacturers and country merchants,
and these manufacturers and country
merchants are eager to take advan
tage of anything that will give them a
chance to fight back. And that oppor
tunity came with the formation of an
enterprise, which is organized more
for the benefit of the small dealer and
the consumer than It Is for purely
gainful ends. Already it has enrolled
on its side 6,000 country merchants
and many manufacturers, some of
whom had grievances against the mall
order houses. The latter buy tremend
ous quantities of goods from manufac
turers at very low prices. The first
year the contract Is made the manu
facturer is happy and indulges In
golden dreams. The next year the
mail order house comes along and
makes a yet bigger contract, but at a
lower figure. In order to cheapen the
cost of production the manufacturer
enlarges his plant, puts In more ma
chinery and greater capital In his
business with the expectation that his
orders from the mall order house will
continue to expand year by year. It
Is then that the mall order concern
gets the manufacturer in Its power. It
comes forward the third year with an
offer for a still greater quantity of
his product, but at prices that are
about equal to cost of production, or
at least so near It as to leave no mar
gin for risk or profit. If the manufac
turer refuses the offer the order Is
placed elsewhere and the manufactur
er has to face the prospect of ruin ow
ing to his having a plant that Is too
large for his normal trade and which
will "eat its head off" if not run to
its fullest capacity. In most cases,
too, the additions to the plant have
been made wth borrowed money. The
result Is that the manufacturer either
has to go Into bankruptcy or accept
the mall order concern's terms, which
practically make him Its servant to
v.h end of the chapter.
How tha Aaaoclatloa Work.
Driven to desperation a year or so
igo some of these manufacturers and
some of the smaller merchants in the
west got together and after expressing
their Indignation at the big mall order
houses formed an association with its
headquarters in Sioux City. The plan
of procedure Is simple. Certain spe
cial articles that have been handled
by the mall order houses in enormous
quantities are selected. They general
ly are staple goods for which there le
a steady demand. The small store
keepers combine their orders, in thle
way making them mount up to a huge
segregate. The manufacturers belong
ing to the association are thus able to
produce the goods and place them on
the small merchants' shelves at prices
lower than the mail order people can
afford to sell them, but at a living
profit to themselves. As the mer
chants and manufacturers connected
with the association advertise In their
local papers, the enterprise is having
the solid Bupport of the latter.
The result has been to cut down
very appreciably the volume of busi
ness done by the Chicago concerns and
all over the Middle West merchants
are Joining the association at the rate
f 10 a day, or 300 a month.
Manretanla'a Latest.
The Cunard liner Mauritania, which
arrived at New York Friday, scored
the new mark for the western voyage
of four days, sKteen hours and thirty
six minutes.
Workrra Shunning Hawaii.
OfTUiuls of the Department of Com
merce and Ijibor have reached the
conviction that the unemployed are
not so anxious to work thut they will
endure conditions of labor In the plan
tations of lluwull. This appears to be
borne out by the report of a territorial
commission which has been visiting
our larger cities In an effort to engage
farm laborers. Finally a band of men,
willing to accept the jobs was tot to
gether in New York and put aboard a
train for San Francisco, but when the
train got there only three of the re-
I emits was on It.
Verdicts on the Senate.
Think what a tremendous dlscoum
the Chautauqua senators are giving
the country on eloquence these daysT
Atlanta Constitution. -
The Senate need not look for sym
pathy because of its long-continued
tariff labors. It Is the public that Is
tired. Indianapolis Star.
Some of the senators who claim to
be angry at President Taft are not
half as mad at him as their constit
uents are at them. Galveston News.
It Is true that the Senate talks
abundantly. But it must be given
credit for not selecting the weather
as Its principal topic. Washington
Star.
Senators who complain of the heat
In Washington are not likely to b
comforted by the assurance that a hot
reception awaits them at home. New
Orleans Times-Democrat.
Man stole a bag full of valuables in.
the Senate visitors' gallery and got
away with it. Awfully rude; so much
better form to get the coin by raising
the schedule somewhere. Washington
Times.
When K Intra Meet.
The Kaiser says that he and the
Czar stand for peace. That's It they
may not like It, but they have to stand
for It. Cleveland Leader.
The cousinJy kiss with which the
Emperor of Gormany and the Emperor
ot Russia saluted each other was prob
ably nothing like as warmthful as It
would have teen If one of them had
been a girl cDnsln. Galveston News.
The frequency with which monarcha
come together for consultation indi
cates that the peace of Europe de
pends on a sort of gentlemen's agree
ment which has not had the benefit of
expert merger talent. Washington
Star.
Although Emperor William and
Czar Nicholas kissed each other when
they met on shipboard the other day,
the salute need not be takea as a.
proof of affection. On tho part of Wil
liam, at least, It is suspected of hav
ing been of the Judas variety. In
dianapolis Star.
Antouinbllea.
What will the horsefly do for a liv
ing when the automobile has put the
equine out of business? Atlanta Con
stitution. Any worm may turn. An Ohio auto
mobile, bumped and smashed by a
speeding passenger train, explodes and
sets the train on fire. Cleveland Plain
Dealer.
The Chicago chauffeur who had a.
fit In his machine will get little sym
pathy from pedestrians who have been
having theirs in the streets. Galves
ton News.
A Chicago detective hunts criminals
In his own automobile. Perhaps he
interprets literally the injunction to
"run them down." New Orleans
Times-Democrat.
HAS NO NICKEL; LOSES $1,500.
Barn A Ore, "Central" Talks Sweetly
bnt Won't Manipulate Phone.
Tho lnelr rtf a nlflol ft Hmn Intft
a telephone slot and the obstinacy of
an exchange girl cost Oscar NIedt,
once councilman of Trenton, N. J.,
$1,500 when his barn was destroyed
by fire. Nledt's barn caught fire about
10 o'clock at night and he hastened
to a telephone booth In the neighbor
hood to summon a fire engine. Being
told to drop a nickel Into the slot he
discovered he had none. He told the
girl that It was a case of life and
death, but she Insisted that fire head
quarters could not be called up wlth
opt the proper charge being paid.
NIedt begged, pleaded, threatened and
tore his hair in vain. The exchange
girl talked sweetly but refused to no
tify the fire department, and In de
spair NIedt fled to another place, final'
ly sending In an alarm. It was too
late, for when the fire engines reached
the' place the barn and its contents
were in ashes.
CAN'T WED ATX; TO BE NUN.
Iloaton Girl, Beaet br Tarco Suitors,,
to Bntrr Convent.
Suffering because she does not wish
to choose between three suitors who
have asked her hand, and is conscien
tiously determined that she will not
offend any two of the three by accept
ing the third. Miss Loretta Lorey, the
19-year-old daughter of Mr. and Mrs.
Adolph Lorey, of Boston, is to enter
a convent.
in ftnpAH nr nr t n a nrraie Me r vav
the girl's mother, said: "Loretta likes
all three of these men; they are all
splendid fellows, and she does not
wish to choose between them. She
isn't the same little girl she formerly
was, and she la determined to enter
the convent."
Cars (or Women Withdrawn.
The Hudson Subwav Comuanv
at
New York has decided to take off the
special cars reserved for women, the
reason given being that they were not
patronized by the women themselvea
to any extent.
Joke Costs Man's Life.
Stung to a frenzy of madness be
cause he was obliged to have his beau
tiful black moustache Bhaved GIT as
the result of a practical joke, Fsplano
Tosta killed his cousin, Mariana Tos
ta, at Glrardville, Pa.
Woolen Trust Ralaes Prleea.
The American Woolen Company,
commonly known as the woolen trust,
has formally notified the manufactur
ers of clothing that they must be pre
pared for an advance of about 25 per
cent on all goods and to put up their
full prices accordingly. The trust clr-
vuiar irna ma ucait-ig uiui mi UUllOOK
for business never hus been brighter
und that the rush of orders appears to
be based on exhausted stocks. But It
goes on to say that the advance of
from 30 to B0 per cent In the cost of
raw materials naturally tends toward
higher prleea