j' "
FACTS IN TA3L0ID FORM.
V
4 T vZZtstto y
- -
WHEN WE ENSLAVE THE SUN'S RAYS.
y Gugllelmo Marconi, Wireless Telegraph Inventor.
In nil ways science is more and more study
ing to perfect the practical comfort and well
being of the world. Of course there will nl
wnyi he ship upon the sea. The mysterious
primeval voice of the ocor.n will continue Its
spell over the human imagination.
But there will not always he steamships.
They will puss the way of their predecessor,
nnd hi fore long wo shall cross the ocean In
hlps run by electric power. Tltere will he no conl smoke,
jio ftlckisb. odor of stale Men m, no blazing caverns in the
hold, where human licin;.s with staring eves and black
ned faros sweat their lives away that the pulse of the
engines may not step. Tln storage battery will take the
place of coal uud (Ire and water. Instead of coaling, the
Great ship will ipiletly and cleanly renew Us naileries
at Its Journey's end, and If conl is used it will lie far
frran the linen and noses of mou.
In time coal will cense to lie our only source of en
ergy. In every land men of science are patiently study
ing the problem of iitlli.ing the energy of the sun stor
ing It, In fact, so that the generation of elec.tric force
nuy be cheapened ly its use to n point where the storage
hosiery en a largo sea lb will be nn economic as well as
an academic possibility. The wasted energy In coal as
now used may In the interval be brought to do its work
anfl so bTing nbout the monster storage battery sooner
rhtjm we now exiMet. I'.ut sooner or later we shall en
slave, thesnn's rays to our nses, as we have the other
wcoilnrtsi of his being. . .
SENDING A SON TO COLLEGE.
By Charles F. Thing, LL.D.
"Why did yon send your lxy to college?" 1
linked the president of a great railroad. "Be
ennse he will inive hard problems to solve.
The college training will tit him to solve these
problems." Th? problems which American life
is to solve In the future are of tremendous
complexity, perplexity and comprehensiveness.
They are social, financial, governmental, indus
trial. The massing of the great forces of life
Is oeturring In the United States. The continuance of
the process of combination and consolidation Is to be
linyhod only by the (hiding of men who can guide and
rttjtr! these great movements.
Hie men who give most promise for such guiding and
controlling are the college mem ;or they are trained
un. They are trained to thick. They are able to weigh
evidence. They can see values, assets. They can reduce
a Oirdtirude of dlscordaVt phenomena to the one truth
whrtt unites all Into a harmonious whole. They are
able to detect the irrelevant and to point out the essen
fatifl ami nocessarj. They can discriminate motives and
show how tnothes become movements.
ft is, of cvarse, superficial, nnd I think it is almost
swicrflour. to say that college graduates have no mo
nopoly of such conditions and forces. Greater men wb
are not college graduates are found In the active work
of the modern world than are most men who lire college
graduates. The collet Is not the only force that helps
to form humanity and the individual. I,et us he thank
ful that there aie other forces, many and most Influential.
Hut It Is to be Mid that the college la a force which,
added to the natural force of many men, has helped to
constitute their great worth. Hut I am only urglp that
the more complex conditions of modern life are making
more Imperative the need of men of the widest, deepest,
highest, most enriching education, nnd of a most dis
ciplinary trnlning.
The great business men of the future are to be better
trained than were their fathers.
Yet the father Is sure to find that the college will give
to Ills son some-thing besides a capacity for commercial
and Industrial leadership.
This something Is a gift which not a few would regard
ns of Importance superior to commercial or Industrial
mastery. The college will help a loy to a more satisfy
ing life, it will oien to htm fields of meditation nnd re
flection fresh and Inviting which once would have seemed
to Mm barren and brown. It will aid him In finding him
self least alone when most alone. It will help htm to
clearer thinking, to purer feeling, to stronger willing;
but the thinking will also be richer as well as clearer,
the feeling will br deeper as well as purer, end the will
will be more gracious as well as stronger. New Tork Id-deondent.
MEN AND WOMEN FRIENDS.
By Octave Thanet.
Chivalry is an old-fashioned word; but the
thing Itself, tboujh less In evidence, was never
so much In action as In our very own time.
Men show It la their whole attitude toward
their women friends. They handle our feel
ings with their lightest touch, they walk among
our prejudices on tiptoe; they take off their
bats to our bigotry If we call It religion; they
accept our aqueamlshness for refinement; and
they grow gray before they discover that with certain
women n fit of tears means no more than a fit of pro
fanity for Borne men. They surely are pntlent in their
own way. Hut neither can It be denied that in their
choice of friends they are sometimes stupid to a heart
rending degree. In the main, an Anglo-Saxon man's
friends are as little of his choosing as the shape of bis
nose. One can run over the list in the dark. His fam
ily friends, his wife's friends, the wives of his friends.
Then come the Inconsiderable residuum (in slec), the
friends whom he has chosen for himself. Here will be
where blunders will show, but the worst re like to be
birds of passage. Terhaps he made them during his col
lege days when the haze was over every pretty girl whom
he met. It Is too much o expect a lad to pick the girl
of really fine imture and sweetness. Nor does he; he
admires the girl all the other fellows admire a pretty,
flippant little creature who isn't afraid to talk (usually
he is!) and can dance like a dream. But will men con
tinue to odmlrc missy? I trow not. Harper's Bazar.
CTfEEH OP ANARCHISTS.
Kvima (inlduinn the Muat Trouble
aaana Woman in America.
Knr more than half a decade the. eu
tire secret service of the United States,
assisted by the postal authorities and a
score ef city police forces, has bocn
striving wldiout much avail to compel
ose little woman to bold her tongue.
Laws have been made especially to
ileal wtth her nnd whole corps of de
tectives framed to enforce the laws.
Bnt csitn age threats, arrests and Im
prisonment hare failed to check the
fanatical activity of this champion of
pests, Emma Goldman, Internationally
kaown as tho Queen of the Anarchists.
lOnwsa Gkridinan was born in 1870 at
Keorto Httssio, and was educated there
ad at Keenlgsberg, Germany. In 18S4,
her pcrcMs having preceded her, Em
nn, aonwtipatited by an elder sister,
Utrten, camo to America and settled
with Vr relatives at Rochester, N. Y.
Here tShe engaged in dressmaking, and
-claims to have been successful. She
was married In 1SSH to Joseph Klrsh
ner, the ceremony being performed by
a ralM In accordance with the faith In
which stie, had been brought up. This
union, however, did not prove happy,
and toe coapHe soon separated by mu
ti:i! consent, but remained friends.
It was about this time that Emma
Goldman began to take an interest in
anarchistic teachings. Then came thb
bomb-throwing episode in Chicago, for
which Parsons, Fples. Kngel, Fischer
and l.tn.; paid the penalty on tho
M'.'iiXold, ur.d Emilia Goldman's course
In lift changed. She forthwith took
tip OiO preaching of what she calls
with univasrlous irony, "the higher
lnctriue of humanity," and has stuck
te it. since, through many vicissitudes.
At 37 the "Queen" is still a woll-pre-served
woman. She Is only live feet
three Inches in height, and weighs
flbont 132 pounds, hut her youthful gait
and carriage give no slight Impres
sion of nervous energy and determina
te a.
In 18.XS she opened a dressmaking es
tabllrtnnciit tn New York. Joined the
Tinneers of ' I.ilierty," the oldest
anarchfstlc orwini.aiiou In the city,
and soon made her powers of persua
sive kksm-I( felt. It was during that
ye.tr that she first met Alexander
lierkuian. whom she has since taken
as her "husband." according to the
teachings of anarchy. Itcrkmau soot,
after attempted the life of Henry C.
Frick. a Pittsburg millionaire, and was
nteiiced to twenty-t ,vo years' impris
on merit.
Tlie nett four years she spent in com
raraitve quiet, hoeakiug whenever the
:..ir:cc oiTi-ivd, and by persistent effort
l ciupcl int.) ;l Usulcr of considerable
j-cn-cr niv.l Inthuncc until she hud woo
tin- tll'e or "nu.Yll of the Anarchists."
In l'.rj the police of Newark :cl
r.iUr-ii'. N. j.. broke up immeroiit
j. vtii,;.--i at which she was scheduled
inicali. It was in is:).-;, while spiiil.
iic; M liie uuiMipto.ved at Union Kquar'.
-Nr.v Vork. t!i;it the police Mvoopeu
iir.:n (he anarchists and nrrcslei
:.- 'r M-vn" on the cimrge of "inciting
.. i!.it" i:(yr 1 1 1 i kIic was tried and
v ;. m,-;-i1 t;i n enr'n imprisnunifut on
i. 'veil's Island. Slio was releuseil
i" end if ten mouths (the time al-1-
u-inc for good bchavlori and at
i ' e I'l-v-etsl vl lo Pliiladelp'il.i. lU-re,
l: J -w Vi rk. she was prcvcut-sl
Vf m '.fiUlng by the vigilance of the
I - ! ' .
",' ift !i-sr f her l:i Aintrla.
es -i',; i tm u : ilii-h in Vienna. Uv
coming a specialist in scalp and skin
treatment and in hairdressing.
Returning to America, slie set up a
IuiirdreHsing establishment on Broad
way, New Vork, combining that with
treatment of the skn and scalp and
trained tiursiugv She was now fluent
in French, German, Russian, " English
and Yiddish, and spent her spare tlma
preaching anarchy. Then It was de
cided that, she give up business and
devote her entire time to "the cause."
Troublesome times followed for' her
and she had many unpleasant experi
ences with the authorities In Paterson,
Philadelphia, New York, Barro (Vt),
Denver and other cities.
The world stood aghast when King
Humbert of Italy was murdered by an
anarchist at Honza, July 29, 1900. It
subsequently developed that the mur
derer was one Brescl, an ardent fol
lower of Emma Goldman, who Jour
neyed from Paterson, N. J., to his na
tive land on his murderous mission.
On Sept. G, 1901, President McKlnley
was shot by Leon Ozolgosz at the Buf
falo Exposition, his Injuries resulting
Mm n
mi
V. V wv.
' Nil
J
GOI.IIMAN.
fatally. It was wild that Czolgosz had
claimed to be a follower of Emma Gold
man and that her lecture at Cleveland,
Just before the tragedy, had Inspired
him to commit the deed ; thereuntil the
United States government, acting with
the authorities of New York State, de
manded her arrest. She left St Ixmls,
where she had been staying, and went
to Chicago. She was promptly arrested
nnd put under J2(,KK bail. In lieu of
the ball she spent .lonie time In the
Cook County Jail, while the govern
ment, :inlmis to secure her extradition
to New Y:rk. pent $?.). aud em
ployed 2 10 detectives to git evidence
ngiiliiot her. Every effort was made to
connect her with the cowardly act of
Cstnlgosx. but as no proof was forth
coining tdio was discharged and wen
East jinco more.
In appearance Eiiiina (ii.l.lman does
not look (lie anarchist. Her hands an
minll and well kept, her complexion
youthful and her hair Mill chestnut
Her dark, penetrating eyes shine lynx
like behind glasses which hide her most
marked ign of age n growing net
work of wrinkles. This astonishing
woman's voice is low and pleasant, ami
the Impression one ggts or her, despite
the Drill chin. Is of uiililnc.ss and gen
tlenchs, even when s'.ie Is speaking in
public.
Black Is her faor!(e color, because
(he most effective, with her collarless
gowns. In enhancing her aptiearance
On the til at form l.e nir.kcs no gestures,
but walks hack nnd forth an she talks
lu a low, tense voice, strongly guggat-l'-S
a Wack leopard In Its cage.
CONCRETE ON A NEW PLAN.
Blethod FoIleTTcil hjr mu Kog-lnrei
on tha Pact a Coast.
Particulars are given In the Engi
neering Record of a concrete Wall thul
haj Recently been coustpucted In
rather unusual manner by-J. F. Lyman
of Modesto, Cnl. Between the framing
forming the outer and Inner faces of,
the wall collapsible hollow cylinders
somewhat less in diameter than the
thickness of the wall were placed ver
tically at Intervals, the cylinders hav
ing previously been erforated with
several holes. The obect of this was
to drain the water from the fresh con
crete as the latter was placed round
the cylinders.
The concrete having been filled In
round the cylinders, It wr.s allowed to
set during the night nnd the water
which had collected In the cylinders
was then pumped ut and the cylinders
were withdrawn, the space which they
occupied being Oiled with concrete. It
Is stated that the hollow cyltnoers con-
tailed from two to six Inches of cleat
water at the end ef from ten to twelve
hours, the water having drained from
the concrete.
The object tn providing this extra
drainage was to procure a uniform set
throughout the mass of concrete. It
appears that a large number of con
crete structures have been bnllt by Mr.
I.yman In this way, including the head
pates, waste weirs, drops and highway
bridges on a large irrigation works.
Concrete laid by this method Is said
to be unusually free from cracks nndr
Is very uniform In strength.
A I.rmon I ok trad.
"Do you know," a pretty bride of
three months said to a friend the oth
er day, "I think all these Jokes about
young wives having so much trouble
with butchers and grocers and being
cheated and all that Is Just too fool
ish." "Then I presume you are getting on
all right with yours, dear?" her friend
inquired.
"Why, of course I am! Anybody
would If they would Just deal at a re
liable place," the young wife declared.
"Now there Is tny grocer," she contli
ued, "he is Just as obliging and thought
ful as enn be. The other day I ordered
a dozen oranges, and when they came I
found there were but eleven In the bag,
so I went to the store again and told
It 1 1 it i-o.
" 'Why. yes, ma'am.' he said. 'I know
there were. I bad put In a dozen, but
I noticed that one of them was spoiled,
and. of course. 1 wouldn't send you any
but the bcht goods, so I took It out.'
"Now, don't you think that was nice
In him to be so thoughtful and hou-is-l'r"
she concluded. Harper's Weekly.
Compiled I Ion.
"Vis," said the New York Inter
horoiigh engineer, "we were pitting
along nicely until our charter was re
voked by the grand chief of our brother
hood." "What will you do next?" asked the
iniuillive one.
"Well, we haven't dechlid. but we
till ii : : of Imycnttlug the union." Haiti
more American.
Its a gay old world when you are
guy and a sad old world when you are
Kid. It ull dipt'liCs upon the itoliit of
view.
Evtn when the unexpcctrij happens
there Is ulways o;ue fellow around to
say : "I told yeu eo."
Australian minrs employ 120.000 uiea.
Tot average height of the Ijiplnuder
is less than five feet.
It is stated Uist a considerable por
ted vf Losdon's petrol niotor-omal-
buses art to be chnnged to nn Improved
systum of steam traction.
Miss Mary K. Cheek, of Toboso,
s the only regnlnrly-ajipoliited womaa
rural mall carrier In the State. She
has- served In this capacity for six
years.
1'refccott, (int., has become an en
tering port for American conl. Oue
Arm lauded .'MXMXH) tons there during
the navigation period of last year. A
aie unloading mid loading plaut has
been Installed.
Mrs. J. II. l'.unle, wife of the au
thor, Is said to be one of the most
.pert motorists In (ireat Britain. She
owns three earn, In which she takes
long tours with her husband, but she
always manages the car herself.
In the Congo the cxtravagauce of
the average white man Is astounding.
Champagne is the Invariable order of
he day for men getting as low as a
tew hundred dollars n year, and the
official usually lands In Antwerp after
three years with enough money for a
kprec, when he must sign and go back.
World's Work.
The other day some 3K Ions of waste
taper were shipped out of this city te
paper mill In Michigan, to te grouud
Into pulp, says the Washington Star.
This stock represented the accumula
tions of four years of canceled money
rders, totaling 2,500,000 sheets and
ace representing a value of $ 1 ,500,-
tvo.ooo.
George Hay ward, aged 01, who has
Just died at Needham Market, lived
nearly all bis life In the same house.
He never had a day's holiday and never
saw the sea. Hnyward was formerly
lu business as a butcher, and ho was
tn the habit of wearing his apron at
church on Sundays beneath his frock
eoat. London Daily Mall.
Tom Reed nnd Jerry Simpson, tlie
noted Populist Congressman, were great
friends. Their good relationship camo
after this incident: "Say. Jerry," said
Iteed, one day, "why are you a popu
list?" "For the same reason," said
Simpson, "that you arc a Republican.
A majority of the iieople of our respect
ive districts are of our war of thinking."
Conditions lu the 'gold-producing in
dustry of South Africa have greatly
chunged, esjieclnllj in Immense saving
in worwing expenses, inc loiui outpui
of the sixty companies working on tho
Rand in July was obtained nt nn aver
age cost of its d a ton. The ex
penses of the Uobiuson mine, worked
out at lis ll'jd a ton, compared with
au average for that mine just before
the Boer war of 22s lid.- Londou Cor
resjiomlence New York Evening Post.
A tale of an Australian native "boy"
from a recent volume: "A boy accus
tomed to ce his master, the owner of a
station. Jump his horse oypT the gate
instead of stopping In open it, tried to
follow. The horse cantered up grand
ly, seemed to gather himself for the
Jump and balked. The ly shot out of
the saddle and over the gate. As he
picked himself up and shook the dust
from his clothes he glared back at the
horse, saying, 'You blurry liar!' "
One hundred aud ten million cubic
feet of gas were lost by leakage la
Londou last year and thnt by one com
pany alone. It did not escape in a rush,
and there was no explosion. It just
filtered away, a little at a time. Every
time a heavy van crossed the road un
der which a main lay a breath of coal
gas forced Its way through aa lnflul-
Urlnuil crevice into space and freedom,
until enough to till :UJO balloons such as
that of Count oppelln's late airship
had been lost.
The water in lake Champlaiu during
the recent drought reached the lowest
(mint recorded in local history, nine
feet below high-water mark. Steamers
were obliged to ubnndon many of their
trips on account of tlie impossibility
uf making landings nt the docks. The
monntniu brooks became almost dry,
and the bed:; of some of tho largest rlv
its were mere threads of water. The
drought find Torest ilrcs were ruinous
to agricultural Interests. New York
Sun.
An ingenious anil amusing answer
was recently given by a student In
the natural philosophy class at Prince
ton University. An instructor gave the
question, "IMiue transparent, trans-
lu-eiit and opaque." "I cannot, pro-fes-sor,"
answered the student, "precise
ly define those terms, but I cun Indl
cato their meaning In this way: Tho
windows of this room were once trans
parent, they are now translucent, nnd
If not cleaned very soon they will be
opaque." Li ppl ncot t's.
Clubwomen of Chicago have lieen
aronstd ever a went ease In the Mu
nicipal Court, where a woman was lined
?20 for wearing "Jumpers." Tlie wom
an was working as a hod carrier, and
explained to the Jtiil'e that she put on
the "Jumpers" because they hampered
her hits than skirts. Her explanation
did not Kiilllco for I lie court, and now
the clubwomen have come to her assist
ance. They wish the judge to explain
in what resKi-t the wearing of Jumpers
by n working woman Is a greater of
fense to public morals than the pink
tights of n ballet girl.
The Island of Hokkaido is oue of
Japan's most valuable prois-rtles. Its
mineral production (largely coal) In
creased from ?l ,2.so,rxm In 1S95 to near
ly $7,fXK),Ki in l'.HT, nnd this Is with
only a very small part of Its mineral
field exploited. In order, as named
the leading minerals are coal, sulphur,
gold, silver and manganese. The coal
is superior to that of other districts
In Japan. Xlnny ships from the Pacific
eoast of the United States call at the
pert of Mnroran for coal. This la tha
foundation for the great Mumraa Iron
and steel Industry, now being formed
by British ami Japanese capitalists. In
four uJues In this locality tlie under
lying i-eul Is estimated at UOO.OUO.OOO
mm
z te-" 'tit i.i n -:."-; -
t
mwm
A If VX
a
Opinions of Great Papers on Important Subjects.
ONE ON THE DOCTORS.
STOllY attributed to the Neue Frcie Presse
I of Vienna is to tlie following efTect : A
JT I dead body was found floating In an Aus-
IIUIII illl'l, HUM nw ll,ivninin r- yo lumia-
tlvi- of sn atrocious murder. Popular In
terest In the ease bixtiuie- kerti. and un of
ficial medical examination of the remains
was made with great minuteness, including nn Investiga
tion of the contents of the stomach. The medical ex
iierts. According to the nce.wnt. were ure that a murder
had been committed, and they even went so far aa t
nssert, apparently on the strength of the fact that the
food found In the stomach nil not such as a human to
ing in his senses would eat. that the victim was insane.
But the story was sonu spoiled by a gentleman who de
clared that probably he could explain It. He went .on te
say that he had recently shot a bear ami skinned It.
whereupon tils servant, disobeying his Instructions, had
cast tho carcass luto tho river. Then tlie laugh was on
tha medical experts, and It resounded nil over Austria.
There is a possibility, however, that tlie bear story was
a hoax, and, for the sake of our Austrlun brethren, we
Incline to that opinion. New York Medical Journal.
AERIAL ACCIDENTS.
HE nomilartty of aeronautics wilt tend for
I a time to increase the frequency of aoel
I I dents, and It hns been suggested that there
I ld .n.,,! ,,f n luw r,M!riiifcf hnttrwia aa.
cents unless the aeronaut who ntskca tbeui
holds a license fnsn out of tho aero rlotn
of the country. In several ways the gov
ernment intervenes In behalf of steamship passengers,
nnd there are laws to regulate tho speed of automobiles,
but such legislation has no reference to the welfare of
sea captains and chauffeurs. It Is Ins-plrcd solely by
regard for those who may be the victims of their Incom
petence. Nor does the theory on which laws aiming to
prevent suicide are basod apply In tho cose of acronnuts.
Additional reasons for not putting legal restrictions on
aerial navigation are afforded by the dlftlculty of en
forcing a law on the subject and the uncertainty regard
ing ts operation. New York Tribune.
WHAT AILS HIGH SOCIETY.
HE fact that the presses of publishers to-
U I day are unusually heavy with hooks alleg
I I l"P 1 expose the sins of society betokens
a I ufitunivhnra 1lfhr nrw'lntv hna hen
Indiscreet or the public demand for read
ing uuilter Is depraved. The so-called ex
posures are nauseous enough, with their
foolish wives, their faithless husbands and the shat
tered convent ions. People of sound thought, however,
will not allow themselves to be deluded Into believing
that society Is as black as these book pnlnt, but M aany
be well, at the same time, for those with a better view
point to ask themselves If by permitting to go nnrebuked
the follies of nn Irresponsible few they havo at In
vited criticism upon the whole
Wealth brings resiionalbtlltles, but It brings liberties,
too, nnd how oue nses these reveals his real character.
Were society less lenient with those lrresxns!bla w,
who live only for tie flesh and are careless in their Ua
Ing, there could be little justlflcatlonfor the OttBa el
exposnre which is upon us. Baltimore Star.
mm
WORLD'S HOTTEST PLACE.
HE prolonged heat ef tho past snmroer has
given vise to maledictions against tha
American' climate; yet evea In m crowded
slum tenement existence on the hottest aViy
would have been a welcome cbaaga feaa
the conditions which prevail la a aortala
earthly place. In Kiebm Island, mt (ha
the ForeUrn gulf, there la a spat a
entrance to
trated fey the sun's says that it la Unposslhla ataest tor
human habitation. From November te March anJa; In
the sparse native papulation to be found to reatdaaen,
and then they atldoxa leave their Brad teuta and Mra en
tirely upon fish. A cable station which it was ftttoMpb
cd to establish at Klchaa had to be abandoned owtag to
tha deaths among tha employes from sunkara, wifie
many of those who escaped became Insane.
hiring the reccat Anglo-Russian negotiations tt was
proposed to make use of the place as a penitentiary.
But the suggestion fell through, no man being found will
ing, even at a faney salary, to undertake the datiaa of,
governor and live lu Klchnv Harper's Weekly.
w
THB UNEMPLOYED. I
HEN it is said that there is work far every
body, that statement requires nana aaadlfl
cation. It would be more comet to say
that there is work for everybody vrio ts
in economic need af work and wba eea
and will work. Many persona In tnaaaato
need af employment actaally caaMt a ac
tually will not work, but when these two claaaea are
eliminated there still remain a number of persona was
cannot find work, in spito of the antiquated notion, ao
longer held by any considerable percentage af atadaata
of social facts, that everybody can find work that wants
it or deserves It
Since It la Impossible always to distinguish bctwaea
the unemployed honestly seeking work and the aaeta
ployed who profess to seek, bnt who would be aery an
happy If they foutid work, all persons In nee af work
who are capable of .performing it are massed together
in the classification of the social economist as "the ui
employed.'" Boston Globe.
THE OCEAN CABLE.
Milhoda Which Arc t'fit fop Send
ing and HecclvttiK Mounts:',
Every one knows, of course, that an
ocean cable is really a telegraph line.
but few people realize that the rules
for working land Hues do not In any
way apply to tho cable. When the first
long cables were laid, the greatest dif
ficulty was experienced In sending
through them a current of electricity
8uflicleijt to dispatch tlie messages rap
Idly. The methods used In overcoming
these difficulties aud which are In use
at the present time are described as
follows:
Keys which, when pressed, transmit
positive and negative currents, are
employed at the sending station In
connection with the regulation battery.
The current of the battery docs not
pass directly Into the cable, but luto a
condenser, which passes It Into the
submnrlne Hue.
This greatly Increases the force of
the current used nnd serves to cut off
Interfering ground currents.
The Instrument first employed lu re
ceiving cablegrams was a reflect lug
galvanometer. Upon tho magnet of
this instrument Is carried a small
curved mirror. A lamp Is placed be
fore the mirror and behind a screen in
which there is a vertical slit 1'Iunhoa
of light moving across this slit as the
needles moved from left lo right. Indi
cated to the trained eyes of the oper
ator the letters in the messages being
transmitted.
But this method of recording mes
sages was found to tax tlie eyesight of
the operator severely, a few years'
work often rendering them almost If
not totally blind. Recognizing the fact
that there must be something wrong
witli such a system. Inventors set
nbout repairing the defect, which re
sulted in perfecting the syphon gal
vanometer, which has all but super
seded all other receiving devices.
In the syphon receiver tlie move
ments of the needle are recorded by
means of Ink spurted from a flue tube.
This tube Is attached to a coll sus
pended between two fixed magnets,
which swings to the right or left as the
pulsations pass through It. The syphon
galvanometer Is a great Improvement,
is not hard on the eyes, and enables
the operator to receive much more
rapidly than with the old flush receiver.
TESTING A LOCOMOTIVE.
3
Legal Information
A state statute prohibiting the trans
portation without the state, through
pljs's or conduits, of the waters of
lukes, ponds or rivers Is held to be
valid, and to Infringe no constitutional
rights.
The rule that a servant oauuot re
cover dautaxoH for nu Injury he could
have avoided by ordinary or reasonable
care Is held to nily to ca.ses of negli
gence In law arising from the violation
uf a sbutute.
In a prosecution for homicide caused
by a spring gun set by tho accused, it
Is held tlMit one has no right to take
human life, directly or Indirectly, to
arevent a mere trespass upon or theft
of property.
That a license of a right to use a
device uuder a potent may be required
te pay royalties ou a device which la
act la fact within tha pcoteottaa ef tUa
VP
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KNtUNK RUNNING AT KULL SPIuKU WITHOUT MOVING AN INCH.
We illustrate the railway engine testing plaut of the Pennsylvania Ban
way, tho general arrangement of wM. h' is obvious. The driving wheats af
the locomotive rest upon specially designed wheels, which revolve aa tlie
driving wheels of the engine are set iu motion. The resistance af tha eup
portlng wheels Is regulated to correspond with the weight of a heavy pas
senger train on any particular gradient. The power of tho brakes, tha oal
consumption and other Important Items connected with different types af
locomotives cnu be ascertained while the englno Is running at blgu speed
without advancing an Inch. Illustrated Ixmiloii News.
patent, so long as tlie parties treat It
as within such protection Is declared.
One who, tweause of misconduct has
been prohibited from riding In a pas
senger elevator. Is held not to lie, able
to claim the rights of a passenger If
Injured by an accident to the elevator
wlille on his way to do business with
a tenant of the building.
A tenant In possession of a building
is held not to be liable for injury to
one passing upon nn adjoining public
way 1 v the mere fact that something Is
O.own upon him from oik; of the win
dows of tho building, wltiliotit any
thing to show that the tenant, or auy
of his servants, were In fault.
That the name of the tentatrix Is In
correctly given in tho attestation
clause of a will Is held not to affect
its validity, not to prevent the probate
of tho instrument where the suliwrib
Ing witnesses aro clewr In their testi
mony that all statutory requirements
were olisorved In Its execution.
- Carried Oat laslrarlloua.
Bvery sailor has his story of the mis
takes which landlubbers make over thai
names of thJugs at sea, which always thata." Kansas City Taatsav
seem to be exactly the ep)osite af what
they are on land.
A new boy hnd gone en beard a Wont
India shl ii, upon which a mi Inter had
also been employed to paint the skin's
tide. The painter was at work amm
n staging suspended nuder the ships
stern.
The captain, who had Just rat let
a boat alongside, called out ta the a.a-
boy, who stood leaning aver the rail.
Ijet go tno painter!"
Kverybndy should know that a hanfa
milliter Is thn rniM whli-h mnL..M i t
- - " , lam.
tnit this boy did not know Ik He raa
aft anil let go the rojes by which the
painter's staging was held, ktsa.tlme
the captain was wearied with waiting
to be cast off.
"You rascal !" he called. "Was' isn't
yon let gn the painter?"
"He's gone, sir," said the bay brisk
ly. "He's gone pots, brushes aad aft :"
London Standard.
Great UlOrcaa.
".So you ore going to settle sjawHens
of household economics at your memt
club meeting, Mrs. China T'
"Oh. no, wa are golay la
