f
Dakota County Herald
DAKOTA CITY, NEB.
JOHN H. REAM,
Publisher.
S polities, for PTf rj foregone con
on there f.r a dozen forlorn hope.
1 o: . ,
preacher aays that playing cards
Sor prases m a gamble, rsot ir you pi 7
"adlj eaeaga. ,
become Increasingly evident that
1 bar adequate way to deal with the
ituQt Harta la to amputate It
tfae difference Wtn a doctor and
ja t9 ki that the doctor charges
fi teffiag yOu to go to a warmer ell
Pit. An observing newspaper has noticed
that slaee ad marriage Senator Bever
Jage kaa given very llttlo advice to
oftog CM a.
orae tneit noer learn how to suffer
BfTenee. A Denver mnn bus mude
jbnVHc complaint Uiat bis wife spanks
Jt the grif germ would only moke n
Warning noise, something like a rattle
fcjaie, everybody would be loss afraid
flft
)i poMtlcian who declares that It Is
taaesstble te make $1,000,000 honestly
li goiag to saake friends among those
wV tiawe a sullllon.
Waea al liars are prohibited from
ptfeng, as suggested by n Boston mnn,
h WH hare to alt up very late await
pf for election returns.
typesetter committed suicide the
it iay because hla work was full of
yn. zm sever near or a basebnu
dajrer tflUbmg bis own life for n almilnr
Htm.
nomtn arrested for forging charts
ft tike eommltted the crimes because
111 we toady. Still, aome people pre-
belaf leaely to getting Into bad
IjjpapBvy.
The fflasjatsh we use in this country
yvnetteaUf the fame that Is used In
for1 an a. It U the alang preraUIng
fhe tew countries that ls nnfortu
aiey a Afferent.
Qk muzzle of a loaded gun
bla cheat, a man attempted to
Ma friends that It could not be
off at half cock. He was
ltd fen fee family plot
m examination of the brain of a
Jet-man scientist who spoke fifty lan-
iages Aaclosea the fact that it was of
rtflnany size, shape and texture. It
BOufB be explained, however, that the
never mastered alang.
'tJalte State authorities have de
ortefl a boy to Russia seven times.
eat time he comes they onght to
Wm stay, A youngster of bis per-
aud determination has tbe
ldbf of a good citizen In him.
Xltboogb la foreign countries and lu
M&e Bar) of our own land a birth Is
lOtraoed In the newspapers as a mat-
tt of eaorse, a New York man who
timet Ve arrival of hla first boy
10W drabta the wladom of pursuing
111 practice In large cities. Within a
prtnlght he had had calls from thlr-
anlcetnen, and received thirty-alx
wd circulars, and fifty-eight
all aiming to promote the In-
t health or happiness by the said
stmt article of merchandise.
"Wat Is a titled aristocrat r ahouts
fe fenHemaa npon the floor of Congress,
fat every good American answers that
M H Baching whatever, and choers
right lust as the orator belabors the
g&erleu girt who goes title hunting
n Europe, or who is captured by a
L0n6w of heiresses In America. And
Ftt a nob of B.000 persons, la the larg
est city America, disputes ground
wltb an army of policemen with clubs
p aa effort to see a real live nobleman.'
roe crewa Is not com Dosed of th
afoeat of tbe common people. Great
' latareat la not displayed In a prince
! the blood In any European capital
iaa the populace of New York manl-
esta la the obscure Doaseosnr nt an
nnimportaa title la a fourth-rate
BordpMn country.
tha folly of the king system of gov
frnment l Illustrated In the caso of
ortugatf. Because an 18-vear-old hn
Lappens te be the son of bis father he
pecomes the head of the nation. With
out experience, with Immature facul-
llea, without proof of aptitude, without
evidence ef the proper sort of character
te Is Marched into a seat on the th
It la all very well to Bay that he is but
1 ngnrehcfld; that the real rrsnonslblll
te of fiie government will he bomo by
sioer man; init lie is the ruler of Por
tugal In nume only, but thut does not
Vindicate the soundness of the monar
chical Idea. If he Is to be the actual
tiead of the government the plan of elv-
Jng him euch a position merely becuuse
pe is who lie Is liecomes for thut ren
Bon peculiariy absurd. If lie Is not to
be the actual chief of the government.
but an oraauuut only, tbe absurdity of
the thing la Just us clear, for what is
tbe use of having a kiug If somebody
else is to do the workT A king under
luch circumstances becomes a rbltculoai
superfluity and a sort of relic of tin;
old days ef popular servility to a flctl
Uoos "tlhrine right"
The declaion of the United States Su
preine court In an Oregon ense affecting
the lalxnr of womon will etstubllKh
principle of fur reucblug lutliii iu-e. Tbo
state pasxed a luw forbidding employ
ers from forcing women to work uiore
than tea hoars a day. A 1'ortluud
laundryiuuu questUmed the constitu
tlonullty of this law. He declured thut
It put a limitation unou the ovr of
Contract, from the Supreme Court of
On-gon the case reached tbe highest
national tribunal. That IhhIv has do-
cided lu favor of the statu legislation.
The oplniou of tbe court, as stuted by
Justice Brewer, calls attention to tbe
tact that tbe rl(;lits of wonu-n can 110
iore be Infringed than tbuev f men,
gain
Ittde to
r
But on many a ceo ants women are en
titled to greater protection than men.
Whatever theories may be advanced in
connection with women's rights, the
facta remain that the sexes differ In
atructure of body, in physical strength.
In the capacity for Jong continued
labor, particularly that done standing.
The difference is marked when there
Is consideration of the Influence of vig
orous health upon, the future well being
of the race, the self-reliance which cu
allies one to assert full rights and tbe
capacity to maintain the struggle for
subsistence. Because of these reasons
ihe court declares that legislation In
boh 11 If of women may be sustained even
If similar legislation Is not required for
men and could not be sustained. The
difference in laws for men and women
Is Justified by the Inherent differences
of sex. If some of the burdens which
rest upon women are peculiarly heavy
tbey ought to have compensation In
other directions. There has long been
recognition of the principle that child
labor should have its own laws and
should not be put npon the same plane
as that of adults. This decision places
the labor of women In a distinct cate
gory also. It dors not deprive a state
of the right to refuse to enact laws
regulating women labor, but it makes
It certain that Htate laws regulating
the labor of adult women which differ
from thoHp affecting niiuit mafes, will
not be set ntjldc by the federal Supreme
Court. A state legislature rt,oy enact
such a law, however, and state Su
preine Court hold It unftiiiHtltuttonal.
That was the case In Cinols. Its Su
preme Court mudo short work of a law
regulating the hours women should
work on the ground that It was an
nlawful Interference with tbe right
f an adult to dlsiHise of her labor.
Home state Supremo Courts have taken
the Illinois view of the case, while
others have been of n contrary opinion.
Probably In time there will bo a gener
al acceptance of the principles enuncia
ted by the Supremo Court of the Unit
ed States. The reosons asserted by
the court will be recognized every
where as having great force. They will
make their appeal to the better Judg
ment of all. Whatever tbe theories
advanced La favor of substantial equali
ty of women and men in political, per
sonal, and contractual rights, the fun
damental differences of sex will con
tinue to exist and will be considered
as Important In shaping laws.
FAMILY LIFE IN FKANCE
American life Is not such as Ameri
can newsiMipers would lead a strunger
to Infer. Neither does French life seem
such us strangers Infer who know It
only from a certain class of French
novels. The French, we have leen ac
customed to fancy, writes Prof. Uarrett
Wendell In "The France of To-Duy,"
do not know what we mean by home.
But those who do speak English have
no conception of what the Freuch moan
by foyer. In tenderness of sentlmeut
in instant apical to emotions of endur
ing purity, one word Is as beautiful as
tbe other.
The love of French parents for their
children, and of French children for
thefr parents, Is beyond dispute. But
even in Its most closely Intimate aspect.
It never forgets that tbe parent In tho
parent aud tbe child the child. Tho
fact of authority implies tbe right to
formal respect as well as to obedi
ence. The fact that you belong to an or
ganized social group the while, Implies
your duty, whatever your station there
in, to conduct yourself with courteous
consideration for the other members of
It This, too, neither parent nor child
ever suffers himself to forget.
Tho great and affectionate pleasure
of French domesticity Is of a kin
which could not exist if conventions
were too much neglected. The result
Is that In the full security of the
foyers, the French seem surrounded by
something like the pleasures and the
limitations which make at onco agree
able and a sbude monotonous our Amer
ican experiences In general society.
And Just as a good Frenchwoman
must be daughter, mother, sister as
truly and as devotedly as she must Ik?
wife and partner, so a gmwl Krenebman
must be not only husband, but son, ton,
and father and brother. In France.
where the family Is so deeply rooted
lu national affection, no man can neg
lect Ids homely domestic duties without
braving public opinion.
Veteran Many's the time I've made
the enemy run.
Listener Yes?
veteran And once tbey nearly
cuugbt me!
Mystery A boat Deaths.
Fou rdeatlm ure known to be directly
attributable to exMsuru to tho X-rays.
There Is a mystery about these cases.
the d Incline being unknown to medical
science, though It Is believed to Involve
some great principle of life. Dr. Wei
gel, the president of the Hoehester
Academy of Medicine aud the Aiuerl
can Orthoptillc Society, was the lust
victim.
Tli Turning of th Worm.
Molile l wish you were more like
Mr. Simpson. Coddle My dear, if
were more like Mr. Simpson, I should
have married a woman more like Mrs,
Simpson. St. Louis 1'ost-Dlspatch.
As a rule, the farmer who spends
great deal of hi time lu town, doesn't
speud very much money.
K arrow Useap.
life BiiH
Opinions of
LANDLORDISM IN AMERICA
MKHICAXS have long been fluttering them
selves on buvltig escuiietl the evil of Old
World landlordism. When tbe flat aud the
Al
J opaitnient bouse begun
homesteads In the cities
tenancy was Inevitably
of existence, the saying
secure n foothold the ICuropenii system might gain in cen
ters of iMpulution, the American fanner would eternally
be lord of his own domain. l!ut. alas for this short
sighted optimism! F.ven while the men are exulting
over the record-breaking crops aid incredible wealth of
our farmers, hindlords and tenants are multiplying rap
idly In agricultural regtors. A significant summary of
facts has Just been given In the Popular Science Monthly
by Prof. Homer C. Pibe, of Ohio Slab 1'niverslty. Eight
years ago more than thlrl.v-tlvc farms out of every one
hundred were operated by tenants, while per cent
of all farm lands (I. v.. both developed and undeveloped
acreage) was rented to transient occupants. Iturnl land
lordism Is thrice as prevalent in this "land of economic
freedom" as in overprpulated Cet-iiiany, and statistics
taken to-day would probably kIiow that the high tenancy
rate of France (47.1; per cent) is almost. If not quite,
(jttuled. When It is considered that tbe relative num
ber of tenants lias been Increasing In spite of the millions
ef acres taken tip annually for forty years in homestead
grants, the magnitude of this economic transformation
bocomea still more impressive. New York Tribune.
THE ARMY PAY QUESTION.
NTr,i:i:sTlN; facts unit figures upon which
the ohVers of the army and the War De
partment bane their claims are given in n
circular Just compiled by Captain Johnson
Hagood, of the Coast Artillery Corps, at
tbe direction of the department. - Among
other things. Capt. Hagood shows that the
prlvutes, corporals and sergeants receive less money to
day tbun they did forty years ago. For the line of the
army It Is c...wn that the base pay for u private is $13
a month. From 1S04 to 1S71 the pay of a private
wits $10. y
In the engineer corps, tiowever, the private now re
ceives $17 a month, while n 'first-class private in the
hospital corps receives $18 a month. At the end of the
third year the private In the Infantry, cavalry aud Held
artillery receives $14 a month, aud the compensation in
creases to $--, which Is given at the end of tbe twenty
flftn year of service. After the thirtieth year and until
tbe thlrty-ffth year of service $i!.'J Is given. Small ad
ditional monthly pay is given to the men in the various
grades for high qualifications in target practice, foreign
service, for certificates of merit, for distinguished serv
ice and for extra duty not of a military character.
What the government allows the soldier in uddltlon
to his own pay and what the enlisted men must pay for is
also showu. Tbe allowance consists of clothing, rations,
lodging, medical attention and medical supplies. The
allowance for clothing, it is stated, 0 mounts to an av
The married man looked doubtful
aud rubbed his chin thoughtfully be
fore replying. "But what do they want
light dresses for now?" he asked.
"They don't need them now, my
dear," explained his wife, with gentle
toleration, "but they're going to need
them by spring. Don't you understand
that?"
"It's a long time till spring," said
the married man. "What's the use of
rushing the season?"
"I don't call It rushing the season
to buy the material," said Ids wife.
Tho dresses needn't be made up yet."
"Then why buy them?"
"Because it will do a saving of
money. If I waited until all tbe spring
Stocks were lu I should have to pay
more. Don't you think that Is a pretty
good reason? Besides, I want to have
pleuty of tlmo to make them. You're
always telling mo that I put every
thing off to the lust minute. I cun get
a dressinnker a good deal cheaper,
too."
"How much do you think you will
save?" asked the man.
"Let me see," said his wife, knit
ting her brows. "I'll have to think n
moment or two. Well. I might save
10 or 12 cents on u yard. That ought
to be worth saving."
"I suppose so," admitted the man,
"but that doesn't tell me how much.
How many yards do you think you are
going to need?"
"That's what has been worrying me,"
said his wife. "You we, I cun't tell
for certain Just how full skirts are go
ing to be. If I only knew .that I
could figure It out pretty well. An
other thing Is that I don't seem able
to make up my mind whether plaits
Will be quite the thing for Isabel. That
would make a difference, too. I could
get plenty, though, and then If there
was some left over It wouldn't matter
so much, considering what I pay for
It Perhaps thirty yards would do."
"That would mean $3 saved," said
the man.
"Of course, there may be a big re
duction In embroideries later on,'
mused ids wife. "I don't believe I've
got a scrap auywhero that I can use
on any of their old things. me
see, did I give that mull to Dora when
she was here last summer, or didn't
I? I kuow I lutended to, but whether
I did or not I can't think now. Please
put down thut paper and take a little
Interest lu wlmt I'm telling you. Don't
you think yourself that It will lie bet
ter to get the goods now? 1 don't want
to do it if you dou't think It would be
Wise."
"If It's going to save money go ahead
sad get them, of course," replied the
man.
"I believe I will, then," decided his
wife. "I could put the $3 that I would
save on a llttlo extra trimming. There's
the chance that they might not be
wearing that material, of course, and
then, as I say, there's the embroidery
I wonder If Miss MausllI is busy now
I don't sui)iose she is."
She looked inquiringly at her hus
baud, who couched behind his hand.
Great Papers on Important Subjects.
GROWINQ.
erage of $r4.43 s man, suftklent for the average man,
aud lucjmles nil the uniform the soldier wears. He is
not provided with handkerchiefs, towels or toilet articles,
six'h as soap, brushes and rigors. AH alterations to uni
form must be made at the soldier's expense, to be de
ducted from his monthly pay. It Is stated that nearly
all uniforms must be altered before used, and no pro
vision is nwido for retiring, pressing or cleaning cloth
ing or repaiiLng shoes, nations furnished to the soldier
are valued at ubout 20 cenr a day, and the purchase of
additional food Is another source of expense to the land
lighters. Bnpklyn rJtandard-Unton.
to crowd out old
aud to suggest tuat
the coming mode
was IhH, however
EBB AND
HI
immigration Into the United States in 1817 above the
2(K),000 mark for the first time In the country's history,
and when the abortive Insurrections lu Austria, Hun
gary, Prussia, Bavaria and other European countries io
1848-40 reinforced the Irish Inpour and scut the Immigra
tion nbove the .'JUO.OOQ line in 1850, and above 400,000 In
1S."1, many persons feared that the alien deluge would
overwhelm America and subvert Its Institutions. Then
started that wave of nativlsm which resulted lu the es
tablishment of the secre, oath-bound Know-Nothing par
ty, which swept Massachusetts and several other Stste9
in 185-1 and 1S55, and which, under the name of the
American party, polled 675,000 votes for Fillmore for
President In LS56. The civil war and the necessity of
getting 11 r m&ny soldiers from all elements killed riativ
Isni, and, except in a few feeble and sporadic outbreaks,
it has not reappeared since. Leslie's Weekly.
T
m
2FJ
very rich nation cannot afford to go to war, either. This
Inhibition arlse3 from two causes, one direct, the other
Indirect The direct Inhibition is the tremendous cost
of war, and the consequent confusion Into which the war
bill throws the financial arrangements of even the richest
uations of modern times. Ureat Britain, in even her
small war with the Boers, was obliged to strain her
creilit somewhat, and had the humiliation of seeing her
consols go below par. This was almost as unflattering to
England as the loss of a battle by the blundering Buller.
The indirect inhibition upou war is found in tho fact
that victorious nations can no longer recoup themselves
for the expenses out of the loser. Minneapolis Journal.
"You don't think 1 ought to get them
now?" she asked.
"I said, 'Oo ahead and get them,'
didn't I?"
"Oh, I know, but then I don't be
lieve you want me to. I shouldn't
want to if It wasn't such a bargain. I
wish I knew about Miss Manslll. I
suppose I could get Mrs. Dickbody,
but she always charges so much and I
don't know Just when I could have
either of them. There's the club to
entertain next week and Isabel wants
to give that tea. If I had to get a lot
more of the stuff than I needed I
wouldn't save so much ; In fact, I
mightn't save anything."
"if I thought that I wouldn't bother
now," said the man.
"I know you wouldn't but If I can
save money I think it's my duty to try
to save It. No, I couldn't get Miss
Manslll. I remember now that Mrs.
Webster told me she was going to get
her to sew for a couple of weeks.
There's one thing about Mrs. Dick-
body; slie's satisfactory. But, then,
my goodness, she ought to( be. James,
I wish you would tell me what to do."
"My dear," said the man, "do exact
ly us you pleose."
'And let you read," supplemented
his wife. "You never will take any
Interest when I try to economize."
Cblcogo Dally News.
CHILD MARRIAGES IN MEXICO.
Women Over Thirty Have Not Much
i'hanee of Uelnic Wedded.
Not the least of the romantic fea
tures of the marriages of Mexico are
tbe ceremonies uniting children. The
marriage of 'girls over 12 yeurs of age
and boys 14 Is permitted, und most
marriages In Mexico come In early life,
There are about 170 to ISO marriages
a mouth in this cupllal, a ridiculous
proportion In view of the fact that the
(Mtpulatinn by the census of 1900 was
550,000 and is now probably nearer
(100,000. This small proportion of legal
marriages Is due largely to the expense
attending a religious ceremony, for the
pi-on is educated to believe that the
legal marriage Is not sacred without
the church service. Hence, when he
cahnot have the church service he does
not bother to have tbe official, which is
not exiM'iislve, Hrformcd.
The general age for women to marry
In Mexico is nlsmt 20. The statistics
for the last two months show tho fol
lowing figures ou tbe marrying of
women :
From 12 to 20 years, 33; from 21 to
30 years, 102; from 31 to 45 years, 24;
from 40 to 00 years, G.
No woman over 00 wus married dur
ing this imtIoiI. As U seen from these
figun1, the number of women who mar
ried a from 21 to 30 years is greater
than uuy other. Tho age at which
most women marry In Mexico is from
IS to 21. It Is to be observed that in
the higher classes tho girls marry gen
erally when over 20, and some of them
narly 30 and over 30, while In tbe
middle class a great majority of the
womeu nuirry before they ure 20 years
old.
Among the lower class, on the con
trary, the number of girls who marry
before 20 Is considerable, aud mauy of
them marry at 13, It and even 12
years. The most recent cases of girls
murrled at 13 and Id are observed
among the middle' class aud lower class
FLOW OF IMMIGRATION.
HAT Immigration flood of 1,283,000 people
in the fiscal year 1JJ07, which ended oo
June 30, and which left all the records far
behind, attracted far less attention tbaa
did the inrush of a quarter of tho.se di
mensions half a century ago. When the
potato famine In Ireland In 181(1 sent the
DOLLARS JIEEP THE PEACE.
HE frequeut reference to dollars as the
sinews of war has tended to obscure a
larger truth with reference to money
namely, that it Is the foundation of peace.
While it is true that a very poor country
in these times dares not go to war with
a rich neighbor, it Is Just as true that a
people. One of these Is Angela Car-
niona, who married at 15 years; an
other is a Spanish girl, Rosarlo Gom
zales, who married at 16, and another
is tnot or Eduarda Uutierrez, who mar- t0 e tue dostroyer of the Spanish Ar
ried at 11. ,,,i!i in venrs to come, set sail from
As to the men, the age at which
they generally marry Is also from 21 to
30 years. The statistics for the last
two monuis snow tnat tne number of
men married at different ages was as
ronows: roin 11 ro u years, o ; rrom
21 to 30 years, 00 ; from 81 to 45 years,
o ; over 00 yeurs, .
It is seen that the proportion of men
marrying before 80 years Is strong, al-
though it is not as heavy ob that of the
women married under that age The
proportion of women married under 30
yesrs Is 130 to 29, while the same pro-
portion among the meu is 05 to 70.
In Mexico a woman above 30 Is con-
sldered as not having much chance of
uimwc, .- "
the chances are not great beyond 25
o.oi r.ln TTaru M
"nftTTTf1 TTTOTTnT
wvvnwv
The Washington Star calls the fol-
lowing a "Boomerang Joke." The re-
turn hit therein cited is certainly deel-
elve and deserved. The story was told
by Mark Twain as a retort administer-
ed to a fellow passenger on a steamer,
who had injudiciously Informed tho
humorist that he looked seasick. Said
Mr. Clemens:
It never pays to tell people tint they
do not look well. A younir mf.n In a
certain New York office put ud a Joke
on the bookkeeper, who was a quiet,
steady, Berlous chap. The Joke was for
every one to tell the vlctira that he
looked very, very bad lndetd. It was
wondered what effect this would have.
It was a hot August morning when
the Joko began. Tho office boy started
it
"Ain't ye well, Mr. Quill?" he said.
"Yes, of course. Why?" Quill asket
"Why, ye look bo pale," said the boy.
"I feel all right," returned Quill,
calmly, and he put on bis office coat
and set to work.
But when the shipping clerk told him
be looked 111, Quill frowned aud Bald
he had had a bad night that was all.
When the cashier asked him what
made him have such a queer color, he
said his heart felt strange.
For an hour or so Quill was torment
ed with auxlous inquiries, full of
gloomy foreboding about his health.
Finally, with an Impatient, worried
gesture, he threw down his pen and
hastened to the oltlce of the chief. He
wus gone about five minutes. When he
returned the chief was with him.
"Men," said the chief, raising bis
band to command the attention of all,
"as Mr. Quill la sick, I hare granted
him a ten days' leave of absence.
Please arrange to divide Lis work
equally among you while he is gone."
Schoolmaster Now, can any of you
tell me whether there Is a connecting
link between the animal and vegetable
kingdoms?
Small Boy Yes. sir, pleuse; there's
bash! London Opinion.
It never inspires a boy to bear his
jcirenti talk of the money they are
laying by for his education.
Improved Clear Tip.
In the manufacture of cigars paste
s generally used lit the tips to secure
;lie wrappers In place. An Improved
method of binding
the wrupiers to
the filler has been
Invented and pat
ented by a Phila
delphia man,
which Is very sim
ple, and at the
same time ettlclent.
beside eliminat
ing the pasting
heretofore neces
sary. He employs
t'lUAB TIP.
it metallic tip, cone-shal, which is
adapted to be slipped over the1 end of
the cigar around tbe wrapper. The tip
lis provided with spurs, that penetrate
rhu wrapper and filler und hold the de
vice on the clgor till it is ready for
use. The smoker can then readily de
tach it. Any desired material can be
used to form the tip, the latter con
forming to the shape of the end of th.--Igar.
Tin- tip Is also useful to display
:h( name of the brand of cigar, as well
is the name of the manufacturer, In
dace of the ordinary paper band.
.Novel IlnitdbUK.
Pickixx'kets will be up against a bard
problem when they tackle a woman
with a pooketbook equipped with the
safety lock shown
in the Illustration,
the Invention of a
Pennsylvania man.
This novel and
useful construction
of a handle can be
employed In con
nection with any
type or form of
bag, valise or oth
er portable recep
tacle. There is no
IMHsibility of the
NOVEL HAND UAO.
bag being opened without the knowl
edge of the person currying It. The
handle is In two sections, which nre
hollow, und have locking latches ope'v
atlug In connection M ith a catch In the
Interior of the bag. To open the bag
the outer hollow portions of the handle
are swung outward, releasing tho latch
es. The bag Is then opened in tbe us
ual way. Obviously, it would be im
possible to open tbe bag without re
moving the hand from the handle. Nat-
1
A FBEE LANCE OF THE SEA
ln th month of December. 1577, Mas-
L.r prancls Drake, who was destined
Plymouth harbor ln command of the
iviican the Elizabeth, nnd three small-
er vessels. As in every expedition ln
.. htch he had a free hand, says Captain
jact Brauti, in his recent book, "The
Vrpa r,,inCes" Drake's squadron was
tne very ijeBt in eVery particular that
h(, spnt out Gf England. His snips
.. new weu found, and the very
iatost siieclmeus of the naval archl-
tecture 0f the time,
8alt.water soldier of fortune as-
, hU pr,vate ar-
riiuemelnt8 uig tabie furniture was
"J Llld sliver To be sure, he had
anJ 1)ke tue couaucr.
P J . t h shod hls hor8eB
. ,Q1i,,a met.nl had Ue so ae-
l"' l. f f,lft fmtshines of
BirCU. 1" " .
the cook's galley were of plate, borne
idea of the state he kept may be gath
ered from the following letter from a
Spanish officer whom they captured
daring the voyage:
. . it.. f ..1 mnn lu Q
"The geuerai or me r.nB'"","j"-" -
C0Usln of Juan Aqulues" which Mr.
Brand Interprets as John Hawkins,
jje 3 the same who five years ago
Sombre de Dlos. He must be a
IIinn of about 35 years, short, with a
ruddy beard, one of the greatest ma-
there is ou tue sea, auh.e noiu
ul9 8vill and his power of command.
I His ship is a galleon or bdoui rour
uundred tons (three hundred tons over
i imnted J. B.), a very rast saner,
nd there are aboard her a hundred
nien, all skilled hands and or a wonme
e. and all so well trained thai they
might be old soldiers of the Italian
tertlas. Every one Is specially careful
to keep his harquebuss clean,
"He treats them with affection and
tbey him with respect. He carries
with him nlue or ten gentlemen, cadets
of high families In England. These are
members of his council, and he calls
them together upon all occasions, bow-
ever simple, and although be takes
counsel from no one. he Is pleased to
hear their opinions before issuing his
orders.
"lie Is served with much plate with
gilt borders and tops and engraved
with his arms, and has all possible
kinds of delicacies and scents, many of
which he says the queen gave him
"Noue of the gentlemen sit or cover
In his presence, without first being or
dered once and even several times.
"The galleon carries about thirty
pieces of heavy ordnance and a large
quantity of fire works (hand-grenades
J. B.) nnd a great deal of ammunl
tlon and other necessaries. They dine
and Bup to the music of violins; and be
carries all the appliances of carpenters
and caulkers, so as to careen hla ship
when there Is occasion. His sTirp is
not only of the latest type, but sheath
ed. He keeps very strict discipline
and punishes the slightest fault.
"He has painters, too, who sketch all
the coast ln Its proper colors. This
troubled me to see most of all, be
cause it was so true to nature that
whosoever follows him can by uo means
lose his way."
The total number of souls In the lit
tie armada wus something under om
hundred and seventy.
urully, pickpockets could not open the
bag without detection.
Self-toaains; Cart.
In the illustration below is shown
1
self-loading cart, the most recent ot
tne many aovices uesigneu o uo ni
with hand labor. A
Pennsylvania man'
la responsible foi
tbe complicate
piece f lngeuuit
which, he says
will guther up dirt
or any articlo and
deposit it automat
ically In the car
Tho npparatij Is
placed In the rear
new cabt. 0f tbe cart and
consists of n collector which connoctsj
with gears, wheels and other operating
paraphernalia. The collector gfttherj
up the dirt etc., as the cart is moving,
ruises It over tin; dashboard and dumps
It Any ordinary enrt equipped with,
the apparatus can collect a load In A
very few minutes. Of course, it Is un
necessary for the driver to dismount
during the operation. When the cart
Is filled, levers are dlsengoged and the
apparatus temporarily put out of com
mission until the cart Is emptied and
ready for the next loud.
Pen and Pencil Holder.
Among the recent improvements In
office desk accessories is a pen and
pencil holder patented by a New York
man and shown . in
the illustrat loo.
Instead of pro
miscuously drop
ping pencils and,
penholders all over
the desk, where
they are Invariably
lost in the debris
of letters, etc., the
holder provides a
oooD hold kr. convenient resting
place, where they are readily accessi
ble when needed. The holder consists
of n wooden stand, from which extends
n wire frame, the front of which is
bent Into numerous corrugations. Tho
pencils and penholders are supported
upon the holder by wire clips with,
hooks, the latter being secured on the
end of the pencil. The holder is placed
on the desk where the pencils and pen
holders cun be readily grasped when
wanted.
WORK A DAY FOR. NOTHING.
How Leap Year Cheat Hard Work
ers of Money.
Does It ever occur to people that
leap year may, and generally does,
touch their pockets appreciably? Those
wage earners who are paid every Fri
day or Saturday suffer nothing because
they nre paid for the extra day they
have to live during the year. But those
in receipt of monthly or quarterly
checks for salary are different, for
they lose the payment for the extra
day's work.
Employers are naturally fergetful of
such little matters and employes are
not so long sighted as they might lie.
if we may Judge from the fact tbnt
when engagements nre entered into and
wnrrnets made for a term of years no
account Is taken of that extra day la
leap year.
A simple calculation shows that a
person earning 1,000 a year, paid
monthly, quarterly or annually, finds
himself out of pocket to the extent
of 2 15s as the result of leap year,
und, of course, the larger- the Income
the greater the loss.
The chancellor of the exchequer
dealing with millions of the nation's
money is not slow to appreciate the im
portance of leap year. Taking last
year's budget figures as a basis, tho
extra day would mean an Increase of
some 397,000 ln gross revenue and of
382,000 ln expenditures.
Interesting, too, is it to figure out
what leap year meana in regard to our
foreign trade. Taking again the figure
of our last financial year, It will be
found that one day's extra Imports
amount to the huge sum of 1,544,000
asd one day's extra exports to 1,202,
000. Thus from the mere fact of its
being leap year our total foreign trade
ought to be 2,750,000 sterling greater
this year than last. London MaiL
Foil of Ilemlnlacence.
At the different army stations in the
West It is the practice for the officers
ou leaving their post for some distant
station to sell off everything they do
not core to keep. In connection with
this custom ln "Reminiscences of a Sol
dier's Wife," Mrs. Ellen Blddle tells an
amusing story.
There was a very estimable woman
living at the garrison, a veritable Mrs.
Malaprop. She told us of some Jewelry
she hud lost, and among the things was
a topuz chain with a beautiful "pendu
lum." The lady held nn auction before she
left, after her husband's death, and
when some silver-plated knives were
put up for sale, she rose, and ln a sob
bing voice said: "O dear, no! I can
not sell them! They have been in dear
John's mouth too often!"
A. Favorite !),
The wedding dress of lilne poplin
worn by Queen Alexandria on tho occa
sion of her marriage 44 years ago, and
In which tibe first won the hearts of
her future subjects, is still very care
fully preserved by her majesty. This
dress was chosen lu compliment to
Queen Victoria, who always had a love
of lilac.
Simple Kuouvb.
"From some of the articles you read
nowadays you would think that the
ideal place for existence was in a feeble-in
1ml di institution."
"Why so?"
"Because there everybody leads the
simple life." Baltimore American,
9
ml 4$
3BL