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About The monitor. (Omaha, Neb.) 1915-1928 | View Entire Issue (July 22, 1916)
Science Notes BY WILLIAM G. HAYNES. M AKING IRIDESCENT SKINS ON ARTIFICIAL PEARLS Since the remotest antiquity the pearl has bene one of the most highly prized gems with which mankind has sought to adorn himself and herself. The value of pearl is determined not merely by size and shape, but by the color of the “skin,” as the outer layer is called. A pearl of the first water must possess not only a milky white lustre and satiny sheen, but the subtle and delicate play of prismatic colors known as iridescence. As is the case today with most .valuable natural products, the art of making artificial substitutes is highly developed. Many of the best artifi cial pearls can with difficulty be dis tinguished from Orient pearls of the finest water. This is attested by one of tne most daring attempts at rob bery ever made in public and in day light. A magnificent string of pearls was placed on exhibition at Christie’s, the famous London auction house, previous to being put up for sale. A ^ell-dressed woman came into the rooms several times and professed particular admiration for it, hanging over the case with gloating admira tion. Finally, she asked the official guard to let her examine it outside the case, and while handling it man aged to substitute an artificial rep lica, which her previous study had en abled her to have made. A German scientist, R. E. Leise gang, has occupied himself recently with a minute study of the causes of iridescence in pearls and the best method of reproducing these artifi cially. We glean some interesting de tails in a report of his research given in the Zeitschrift fur die Keramischen, Glas-und verwandten Industrien. According to this, in one method of fabricating artificial pearls the glass is either coated with a thin layer of a solution of fish scales, or with mica dust previously treated with the fumes of salts of tin. This gives the color effect of a thin layer of uneven (leptn. 1 he iridescence ot genuine pearls, however, resembles rather the spectral effect of the Rowland lattice, modified, naturally, by the curving surface. As a matter of fact, the op tical peculiarity of pearls, and partic 'larly of the inside of mussel shells, is also conditioned by the ribbed sur face. The essential iridescence of pearls, the ‘water of the pearl’ is caused by these superficial ribs, which are 0.008 millimeter apart. This is proved, for example, by the fact that if impressions be made on plastic substances by iridescent mus sel-shells, these substances become iridescent through having their sur faces correspondingly ribbed by the pressure of the shells.” These experiments indicate that the aim of the artificial pearl maker should be to impress on the surface of the glass bead a “trellis” or “lat tice” of corresponding fineness. Mr. I.iesegang has shown that this may be done by a physico-chemical process which creates a minutely wrinkled film of the kind best suited to cause iridescence in reflected or transmit ted light. If, under given conditions, a drop of an aqueous solution of trinatrium phosphate be placed on a still moist layer of gelatin, and the latter be slowly allowed to dry, there will ap pear,, after a certain interval of time, a vividly iridescent ring surrounding the drop, and the iridescence will be retained when the film is entirely dry. It was first suspected that this was due to exceedingly minute rhyth mic depressions, but closer research has shown that the iridescence is really caused by extremely fine par allel wrinkles in the gelatine surface. “In order to create this wrinkling on round glass beads the phosphate solution must be made in some man ner to diffuse in the gelatine coat ing of the beads, for if directly touched there will be no wrinkling. “In pierced beads this is easy to accomplish by means of a wick. If the pearl is not pierced then the iri descence necessarily fails at some point. In spite of extensive laboratory experiments, no recipe has thus far been found to give certainty to the effects of the process, since the gel atine is not a chemically uniform sub stance. Rut in these experiments we may see the beginning of methods which will give a more exact resem blance of the artificial to the natural pearl.”—Scientific American Supple ment. MORE THAN HALF OF OMAHA’S CITIZENS OWN THEIR HOMES Omaha, Nebr., July 8.—That Omaha a city of home-owners, far in ex ess of the general run of cities, is proven by a recent survey made by the Bureau of Publicity. An exhaust ive survey made through the water department shows that fifty-six per cent of the homes in Omaha are oc cupied by those who have title to the property. This survey includes more than 35,000 homes in greater Omaha, in cluding the South Side and Dundee. These figures coupled with the figures recently developed, which showed that more than fifty per cent of Omaha’s ■itizens have savings accounts, are certain proofs that Omahans are thrifty and economical. Without doubt the same figures will pply to Nebraskans and Iowans in general. Farm figures bear about the same ratio. Practically half of Nebraska farms are owned by people ho live upon them and farm them: LEGAL NOTICE. Anios P. Scruggs, Attorney, 220 So. 13th St. Doug. 7150. PROBATE NOTICE. In the Matter of the Estate of John Carter, Deceased: Notice is hereby given: That the creditors of said deceased will meet the executrix of said estate, before me, County Judge of Douglas County, Nebraska, at the County Court Room, in said County, on the 30th day of August, 1916, and on the 30th day of January, 1917, at 9 o’clock a. m., each day, for the purpose of present ing their claims for examination, ad justment and allowance. Six months are allowed for the creditors to pre sent their claims, from the 29th day of July, 1916. BRYCE CRAWFORD, County Judge. J. P. Palmer, Attorney 779 Brandeis Theatre Bldg. PROBATE NOTICE In the Matter of the Estate of Hattie Peters, deceased. Notice is hereby given: That the creditors of said deceased will meet the administrator of said estate, be fore me, County Judge of Douglas County, Nebraska, at the County Court Room, in said County, on the 13th day of September, 1916, and on the 13th day of February, 1917, at 9 o’clock a. m., each day, for the pur pose of presenting their claims for examination, adjustment and allow ance. Six months are allowed for the creditors to present their claims, from the 12th day of August, 1916. BRYCE CRAWFORD, County Judge. CLASSIFIED ADVERTISING RATES—1% centg a word for single insertions, 1 cent a word for two or more insertions. No advertisement for less than 15c. Cash should ac company advertisement. FURNISHED ROOM8 FOR RENT. Nicely furnished front room. Mod ern except heat. 1630 North Twenty second street. Webster 1171. Modem furnished room for rent. Mrs. M. C. Sands, 2709 Corby street, Webster 5017. Modem furnished rooms for rent, $1.50 and up. Miss Hayes, 1826 No. 23rd St. Webster 5639. Nice furnished rooms. 2715 Doug las street. Harney 2155. Mrs. A. Hill. Clean, modem furnished rooms on Dodge and Twenty-fourth street car lines. Mrs. Annie Banks,, Douglas 4379. Mrs. L. M. Bentley-Webster, first class modern furnished rooms, 1702 N. 26th St. Phone Webster 4769. WANTED. WANTED—Girls or women for sorting paper. Call at Omaha Paper Stock company, Eighteenth and Marcy streets. WANTED—Position by first class practical nurse. Good in all confine ment cases. Call Harney 4682. Mrs. Mamie Jasper, 2813 Cuming street. J. A. Edholm E. W. Sherman Standard Laundry 24th, Near Lake Street Phone Webster 130 THE NEW WONDER HAIR GROWER Makes the Hair Soft and Straight ; Directions—Wash the hair ev ery two weeks and apply the Oil three times a week. Comb with straightening comb. It promotes growth of the hair, and keeps the scalp in healthy condition. Compounded by MRS. D. LYONS 8 Blain St., Kansas City, Kan. Agents Wanted. C. S. JOHNSON 18th and Izard Tel. Douglas 1702 ALL KINDS OF COAL and COKE at POPULAR PRICES. $5.50 Johnson Special Lump $5.50 Best for the Money The Rev. G. G. Logan desires to thank through the columns of The Monitor, Mr. Wm. Crutchfield, John H. Broomfield and the friends who co-operated with them, for the purse of $50 recently donated to him. The appreciation was all the greater be ‘ cause the splendid donation was un expected and unsolicited. Rev. G. G. Logan feels grateful that he has so conducted himself as to have merited the confidence and respect of the men of Omaha regardless of church affiliations or preferences. A per sonal acknowledgment will be sent to each donor. The Rev. G. G. Logan desires to publicly thank Dr. I. S. Levy, who gave him $25 last Wednes day which will be applied on the Benevolent Association and which is used for Foreign Mission work. Whatever your habit may have been in the past You Cannot Afford Now to Trade in Other Than A Reliable Store Wc Guarantee Everything; We Sell Thomas Kilpatrick & Co. ASK FOR AND GET Skinners THE HIGHEST QUALITY EGG NOODLES 36 PAGE RECIPE BOOK FREE SKINNER MFG. CO., OMAHA, U.S.A. LARGEST MACARONI FACTORY IN AMERICA I* buy’ your *"hay ’and^^feed Coal and Kindling From I. ABRAHAMSON 1316 North 24th Street Webster 46 Prompt Delivery f~ ASK YOUR GROCER | FOR {Tip Top Bread 1 Best Bread Made Phone Douglas 1652 W. J. CATTIN CO. PLUMBING AND STEAM FITTING 910 No. 24th St. Omaha, Neb. I Tel. Red 1424 ! Will L. Hetherington j Violinist | t Instructor at Bellevue Col lege T f Asst, of Henry Cox t | Studio Patterson HIk. j YOUR Va’tRONAGe’ IS ’SOLICIT ITED BY THE ! BELMONT LAUNDRY t QUALITY AND SERVICE J Call Webster 6900 l I. M. Gershater, Proprietor j . ■ 2314 Charles Street. i EMERSON LAUNDRY F. S. MOREY, Proprietor 1303-05 North 24th Street Phone Webster 820 OMAHA TRANSFER CO. ••The Only Way” baggage: Checked to Destination YES —ICE CREAM any style, for any occasion J. A. DALZELL Quality First 1824 Cuming St. Tel. Doug. 616